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The Theme of Solidarity in the Novels "The Seventh Cross" (Das siebte Kreuz) by Anna Seghers and "Spark of Life" (Der Funke Leben) by Erich Maria Remarque
Lipárová, Aneta ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Glosíková, Viera (referee)
The presented thesis deals with the topic of the war and concentration camps in the novels Das siebte Kreuz (in English The seventh Cross) by Anna Seghers and Der Funke Leben (in English Spark of Life) by Erich Maria Remarque with a special focus on the topic of solidarity. At first, the thesis examines the literary-historical context, specifically German literature in the time of fascism and the reflection of Nazi tyranny in German literature. The thesis further examines the lives of both authors and analyses their works in terms of circumstances of their origin, plot, the characteristics of the characters, the individual motives of the novels and the topic of solidarity. The solidarity in the novels is the main theme of this thesis and on the basis of that the two works are compared. Using specific excerpts from both novels, the thesis analyses the theme of solidarity in relation to the individual characters and the time-space of the plot. The last part of this thesis deals with the didactic potential of these publications. The subject of this part is the use of specific excerpts from the novels concerning various issues related to the domination of the National Socialists in Germany between 1933 and 1945, especially in the teaching of the German language, as well as in other primary and...
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Teaching Prosocial Skills at Primary Schools
Dykastová, Zuzana ; Bendl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
The Master thesis "Teaching Prosocial Skills at Primary Schools" deals with the theory related to the prosocial behaviour and further aims to describe present possibilities and methods of teaching prosocial skills at primary schools. The author, in the theoretical part, characterizes and analyses prosocial behaviour, according to its types and forms, outlines basic theories of prosocial behavior and its determinants. The author further gives examples of how schools are able to incorporate teaching prosocial skills in school curricula. The author, in the empiric part, introduces opinions, attitudes, ideas and previous experiences of teachers and students with this education, using interviews and analyses of school curricula and minimum preventive program.
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Collective responsibility in moral judgment of school age children
Beranová, Anežka ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
The issue of collective punishments is still relevant today. For example, if one child broke something and parents or teacher cannot find out who did it, what is the best to be done? Punish no one or all group, innocent including? According to the law of our society the innocent should not be punished but it is not relevant for school or family. On the contrary the collective punishment is common there. It is a matter of opinion and of course there are another circumstances in each particular guilt so it is difficult to say what kind of punishments is adequate and righteous which is not always the same thing. However what is the opinion of children themselves? And what does it tell us about their moral development? What is the school age children judgment of collective punishments and the collective responsibility? Jean Piaget asked these questions himself in his research of the collective responsibility in the moral judgment of school age children. His expectation was that the children's understanding of the collective responsibility will be similar as the understanding of "primitive" society. That means at first place there will be a believe in a punishment as a mystical act which will clean the society contaminated with a crime and does not matter who will be punished. However this expectation...
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Normative Aspects of Informal Elderly Care
Pfeiferová, Jitka ; Jeřábek, Hynek (advisor) ; Čada, Karel (referee)
This thesis concerns the topic of normative solidarity in informal elderly care. The main aim is to find the normative premises of informal elderly care, their specific examples and to prepare a possible way of including normative solidarity into the model of solidarity premises of informal elderly care. The results are based on an analysis of in-depth interviews. Firstly, specific examples of the normative solidarity concepts are presented. Secondly, the possible option of how to include normative solidarity in the model is proposed, including eight main points that are mainly about a potential carer's previous experiences and her/his opinions about care. The quantitative research shall either prove this or show that it was specific to respondents of this particular research only.
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Social Farming and Czech Social Farms (A Case Study)
Hudcová, Eliška ; Dohnalová, Marie (advisor) ; Lubelcová, Gabriela (referee) ; Moudrý, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the phenomenon of social farming; its aim is to describe this phenomenon, understand it and critically discuss it in the context of social economics and social entrepreneurship. The text also proposes other frames of thought - social integration and social work, multifunctional agriculture, the Green Care concept and the social entrepreneurial theory in which social farming can be considered. The thesis also gives insight into foreign and Czech socio-agricultural practice. It uses methodology based on the principles of exploratory and descriptive case studies since it focuses on a small sample of a phenomenon not yet described in which context and content are observed. The study is divided into two sections: a theoretical part and a research part, each of which draw on professional literature, semi-structured in-depth interviews with representatives of social farms, other primary data and documents and secondary sources. The analysis of the research results displays an assessment of Czech social agriculture, which can be described as delayed when compared to western Europe, mainly due to the historical development of agriculture and social arenas of the last seventy years, while also serving as a reaction to certain contemporary social trends. The outputs suggest typology of...
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The principle of solidarity versus the principle of equivalence in the Czech social security law
Koutník, Michal ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
The principle of solidarity versus the principle of equivalence in the Czech social security law. This thesis deals with the principles of solidarity and equivalence in social security. The aim is to describe the importance of solidarity as a fundamental basis for the foundation of modern social security and to compare it with the principle of equivalence, which is often placed in contrast to solidarity. The work defines both principles generally and to capture their specific manifestations it focuses on pension security. The work consists of an introduction, two chapters which are divided into subsections, and a conclusion. The first chapter deals with both principles generally, describing their historical development and outlining ideas of selected domestic and foreign authors who have dealt with the principles in question. This chapter also summarizes the important jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court in the area. One of the subsections is dedicated to the principle of justice which is a principle closely related to the main principles in question. The second chapter is focused on pension security in the Czech Republic. It follows in detail the genesis of legal regulations of pension security in the Czech Republic in terms of the principles in question. It characterizes the current legal...
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The Principle of Solidarity and Burden-sharing in the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
Zilvarová, Aneta ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of solidarity and burden-sharing (responsibility-sharing respectively) in the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Its primary aim is to apply the theory of burden-sharing to the case of the EU asylum policy and in particular, to verify or falsify Olson's free-riding hypothesis on the exploitation of the great by the small (meaning of the rich by the poor). This hypothesis will be tested using a mixed research method which combines qualitative and quantitative elements. The qualitative part will focus on the analysis of the so-called Dublin Regulation (Dublin II and III) and its criteria and mechanisms of determining the responsible Member State for examining an asylum application. Applying Moravcsik's liberal intergovernmentalism, a special emphasis will be placed on the proces of negotiating the Regulation (Dublin II) in an attempt to identify and clarify dominant Member States' positions and their influence on the final wording. Consequently, the level of burden- sharing will be illustrated on the example of interstate transfers of asylum seekers (so-called physical burden-sharing). This type of burden-sharing will be also demonstrated qualitatively by means of statistical data available for the period of 2008-2013 which will be interpreted in relation to...
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Comparison of pension systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America
Brtník, Karel ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Kotrusová, Miriam (referee)
This thesis present an analysis of pension systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America, according to the status in 2013. The aim is to make comparison of pension schemes based on defined criteria, that are budgetary responsibility, the quality of life for the elderly, social justice, social solidarity, equivalence and financial sustainability of the pension system. Another objective is to compare each pillar of the pension systems and analyze the different elements of the benefits that are provided from mentioned pillars. Theoretical basis include the Welfare State theory, the theory of public finance and the theory of market, state and civic sector and the criterion anchoring of the reform. The research is devoted to the analysis of pension systems ability to provide an adequate income in retirement, what is the real purchasing power of pensioners, whether the pension systems are due to unfavorable demographic development in the future financially sustainable and how the pension system encourages older workers to remain in the labor market.
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Lost Children of Europe: European Union and Unaccompanied Migrant Children
Abuselidze, Salome ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Stepanovic, Vera (referee)
The issue of unaccompanied migrant children (UAM) in the European Union is one of the most acknowledged and one of the most under researched topics. Close to 100,000 minors arrived in Europe in 2015 alone, without parents or guardians. And more than 10,000 disappeared shortly after. These children have been and continue to be under high risk of human trafficking, child labour, sexual and physical abuse, and exploitation of some other kinds. It has been 6 years since the initial crisis, but the statistics are not getting better. Tendency remains as close to 19,000 UAMs have perished in the past 3 years, which accounts to 17 disappearances a day. Despite the European Union's commitment to protect the rights of UAMs, the conditions of these children are dire. In some member states the situation is so much poorer, that basic human rights are violated. This raises the following questions: Q1: Why does the EU struggle to adopt common policies on unaccompanied migrant children? Q2: How does the EU contribute to the disappearance of UAMs? Qualitative and quantitative data, as well as large amount of primary and secondary sources help navigate through the problem of UAMs. Content analysis of European media contributes to the illustration of perceptions towards migration and unaccompanied children. Social...
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Competitiveness and solidarity of high school students
Karasaridu, Klára ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
This master's thesis deals with competitiveness and solidarity among high school students. Students are required to have good results and achievements at school, which leads to competition among students to determine who is be the best. In addition, the class counts on cooperation and solidarity to function well as a group. These two phenomena can put pressure on students, and although they seem to be mutually exclusive, they are interconnected. This research focuses on these two elements in class relationships. I conducted qualitative semi- structured interviews. Due to the current pandemic situation, the interviews took place online. The main finding of the research is that competitiveness does not manifest itself in the usual way for students: it is not required by their surroundings, but they rather motivate themselves to compete with each other. Solidarity is reflected in how they work together and how they understand each other. For students it is important to have friendly relationships in the class, which makes them want to cooperate more (classmates with whom the students do not have such friendly relationships are not selected for cooperation to such an extent). Relationships are built not only through help and cooperation in the classroom, as expected, but above all through friendships...
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