|
|
Disinformation in our lives and at school
Kučáková, Aneta ; Samek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lánský, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis explores in what way disinformation affect thinking and acting of people from psychological and sociological point of view. It defines fundamental concepts often used in relation to modern media world, such as fake new, propaganda, trolling, etcetera. Moreover, it covers how disinformation are accepted by various social groups and why the groups succumb to them. In the subsequent part, it explains, based on expert opinions, the role of media in today's society, how media contribute to the cohesion of the society, but also to its division. An important point is the attitude of the state to disinformation and to overall concept of free speech on social media, where it is often used to spread lies. The main part of the thesis concerns with education, particularly with the relationship between teachers and schools and media education. The practical part of the thesis is based on conversations with teachers from various schools which answer questions related to the teaching of media education. The point of the interviews is to connect them to the theoretical part as well as gain further insight into the topic. Furthermore, the work describes chosen teaching activities that demonstrate ways how media education could be integrated into the tuition of history and civics. The goal of the...
|
|
|
Media Education and Misinformation at the First Stage of Primary School
Burešová, Kamila ; Holanová, Radka (advisor) ; Vlčková, Jana (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the connection between reading and media literacy and the potential use of this connection in primary schools during of not only the Czech language lessons, to develop these literacies within the cross-curricular topic of media education. The first part of this thesis explains important concepts related to reading and media literacy and everything related to this topic. In the practical second part, the knowledge gained from the theoretical part is utilized to create a methodology and working sheets. The methodology serves as a guide for teachers on how to work with the worksheets with students in the second educational period of the first grade of primary school. The created worksheets should contribute to the development of media and reading literacy for students attending the 4th or 5th grade of primary school. KEYWORDS Media literacy; media education; reading literacy; obtaining and verifying information (fact- checking); disinformation; critical thinking.
|
|
|
How GPT-3 Can Augment Disinformation Campaigns
Saffel, William ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
This dissertation seeks to explore how artificial intelligence, and the natural language processor GPT-3 in particular, can be used to augment disinformation campaigns. As disinformation campaigns grow in complexity and are used regularly in modern conflicts, and as artificial intelligence grows in capability and accessibility, it is becoming a more plausible method of augmenting these campaigns. In this exploratory case study, I will examine two cases of disinformation campaigns in the Ukrainian War - the disinformation campaign around Nazism in Ukraine and the Bucha Massacre. Each case is analyzed through the lens of tasks that GPT-3 can perform. This dissertation finds that it AI indeed has a high potential for augmenting disinformation campaigns in various ways. It finds that narratives can be distilled into "narrative bullet points" which can be a useful and effective tool for training GPT-3 to be more effective at creating disinformation.
|
|
|
The use of social media as new information platforms during the war in Ukraine
Smržová, Aneta ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
The Diploma thesis titled "The use of social media as new information platforms during the war in Ukraine" is primarily devoted to the Twitter social network and its content. In the diploma work is defines not only a journalist, but also an ordinary user and influencer. The author also focuses on new journalistic sources, the deprofessionalization of journalism and the issue of social media. The thesis aims to analyze the behavior and reasons for reporting on the war in Ukraine by both sides - journalists and ordinary users who do not make a living from journalism. The content of the work is also dedicated to an analysis of the Twitter posts of all ten respondents from the first two weeks of the war. The conclusion summarizes the most important findings.
|
|
|
The digital divide and the spread of the fake news during the COVID-19 pandemic
Misík, Dominik ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on two main topics: the digital divide and the spread of misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The theoretical part is dedicated to the first mentions of the digital divide and introduces some of the main people who dealt with this area. The thesis follows up with the measurement and for a better understanding there are presented the data associated with the digital divide in 2021. In the next part, basic concepts from the field of disinformation are described, which are placed not only in a historical context, but also in the current reality. An example could be fake news that appeared during the COVID-19 pandemic. The next chapter deals with defense techniques against disinformation, both domestically and internationally. The results of a global study by the World Health Organization, which investigated ways of obtaining and working with information about the COVID-19 pandemic, are presented at the end of the theoretical part. In the practical part, the findings from this study were applied to the Czech Republic, with the help of a quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire survey with more than three hundred respondents. The obtained data are then partially compared with the results from an international WHO study. The aim is to gain a basic comparison between...
|
|
|
The current development of AI tools in the Czech Republic and their possible use, limits and predictions in the strategic fight in the imformation War
Štěpánová, Barbora ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
This work will discuss the current state of AI technologies in connection with disinformation and information warfare, their possible development, limits and concerns. Theoretical part will start with established concepts, works mapping the current state, but also predictions for the future and formulating possible limits. To understand the current state,various relevant case studies will be presented. In the practical part, Focus Group research will be conducted, which will discuss the conclusions and topics arising from the theoretical part and analysis. A discussion of the results and a conclusion will follow.
|
|
|
New media as a means of obtaining information among secondary school students
Janovská, Markéta ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Šimková, Karolína (referee)
This diploma thesis entitled New media as a means of obtaining information among secondary school students deals with the role of new media in obtaining information among students of the second year of grammar schools and non-grammar school types of secondary schools. The aim of the thesis is to find out what news consumption looks like among secondary school students, whether they get information only through new media, or if some of them turn to traditional media as well. The theoretical part of the thesis describes what new media look like today, or whether they can be an easier means of spreading disinformation. Part of the work is devoted to how different authors view media literacy. The topic of the theoretical part is also the news consumption of young people - what means media literacy, whether young people are able to distinguish between information and disinformation, and that problematic media use can, in the worst case, end up in cyberbullying. The analytical section is devoted to a questionnaire survey, which was carried out among students of the second year of secondary schools in seven regions. 314 students in the respective regional towns participated in the research. The graphically processed results are verbally described and explained in the thesis. In the annex of the diploma...
|
|
|
Fighting disinformation in the Czech Republic and Germany.
Čevela, Tomáš ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lizcová, Zuzana (referee)
The presented work deals with the struggle of the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany with disinformation. It arises against the background of a conventional war conflict, the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. At the same time, the Russian Federation is using the information space to expand its influence in Europe as part of the hybrid war. The work compares the means and procedure of both states in combating disinformation, specifically compares the legislative framework of both states, their institutions and their international cooperation. The work came to the conclusion that in many aspects the Czech Republic lags behind Germany. Although both states have a similar approach in establishing or empowering state institutions to combat disinformation and in international cooperation. However, unlike Germany, the Czech Republic does not yet have effective legislation to combat disinformation and does not invest funds in civic education and research projects.
|
|
|
Disinformation on German Twitter Accounts during the 2019 European Parliament Elections
Ženka, Ctirad ; Eberle, Jakub (advisor) ; Kochnowski, Roman (referee)
The master thesis addresses the social network Twitter and the spread of disinformation in the last weeks before 2019 European Parliament elections in Germany. The target of the research is to analyze the spread of disinformation immediately before the elections and determine the specifics of the German Twitter landscape. The theory of information disorder by Wardle and Derakhshan enabled a deep study of disinformation. The thesis explains the basic theory of disinformation and its connection to the right-wing populist movements. In Germany, this phenomenon is connected to AfD - Alternative für Deutschland party, that follows the topics of migration, alleged censorship, and climate skepticism, which are also the defined topics of disinformation in Germany. Through a content analysis of quantitative data from 1st to 25th May 2019 explains the types of disinformation according to the information disorder theory and the spread of disinformation in German landscape, interpretates the topics and is trying to link the spread of disinformation directly to the AfD party. The researcher analyses three Twitter accounts: the account of the party election leader Jörg Meuthen, the account of German conservative right-wing media Junge Freiheit and the account of a supporter of the party. The thesis aims to map...
|
|
|
Czech desinformative of the first stage of Russian invasion of Ukraine (so-called "Speciál Military Operation" in Ukraine).
Štorek, Michal ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Samek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyse the content of 8 websites that were blocked by the CZ.NIC association on the 25th of February 2022 for providing disinformation in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The theoretical part covers disinformation in general, the annual reports of the Security Information Service and formation of Russian-Ukrainian relations from the creation of Ukraine until the onset of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. In the practical part, an analysis of the content of eight websites blocked by CZ.NIC spanning the period of the so-called first stage of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine, is carried out. The analysis examines, on the one hand, the extent to which the so-called disinformation websites focus on the war in Ukraine and, on the other hand, which of the disinformation techniques described in the theoretical part were used and whether the narrative of the blocked websites in relation to the Russian invasion of Ukraine corresponds to the view that the disinformation websites promote the interests of the Russian Federation in the Czech Republic.
|
guest ::
