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Populism as a discursive strategy: an analysis of the communication of selected populist actors in the Czech political arena
Křovák, Jan ; Charvát, Jakub (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
This paper analyses the concept of populism as a discursive strategy. Therefore, it uses the view of populist discourse as discussed by Ernesto Laclau and other authors in their works. The author analyses the communication practices of four selected Czech political actors on social networks (Facebook and Twitter) in the period before the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic in October 2021. For the analysis, the author chose representatives who are commonly labelled as populists, i.e. former Prime Minister Andrej Babiš, far-right populists, i.e. Tomio Okamura, and then two politicians representing mainstream parties - Markéta Pekarová Adamová from TOP 09 and Vít Rakušan from STAN. In the theoretical part, the author describes in depth the phenomenon of populism on the basis of expert literature, and in a comprehensive way points out the relationship between populism, social networks, media and political communication. In the practical part, the author conducted a so-called critical discursive analysis of posts of the politicians on the above-mentioned social media and then compared their dominant communication practices. The author then places the data and results of the research in context of the populist narrative described in the theoretical part of the thesis.
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Perception of the "culture wars" concept in American media
Šimek, Jan ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
American society is going through an era of deep social and political divisions. At the forefront of this deepening divide are the so-called culture wars, an umbrella term for a set of narratives around cultural and social issues that both sides of the conflict use to advance their political goals. This thesis aims to determine how much space culture wars themes occupy in the production of selected American media outlets, how these themes are projected onto their audiences and how this influences the audience's trust in the mainstream media. The first part of the thesis presents the methodology used in collecting and evaluating the data used in the research for this thesis. The theoretical section also defines concepts and terms related to the topic of the thesis. The practical part of the thesis will then focus on the evaluation of the data from the questionnaire survey conducted among American media consumers between May and June 2023.
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The use of social media as new information platforms during the war in Ukraine
Smržová, Aneta ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
The Diploma thesis titled "The use of social media as new information platforms during the war in Ukraine" is primarily devoted to the Twitter social network and its content. In the diploma work is defines not only a journalist, but also an ordinary user and influencer. The author also focuses on new journalistic sources, the deprofessionalization of journalism and the issue of social media. The thesis aims to analyze the behavior and reasons for reporting on the war in Ukraine by both sides - journalists and ordinary users who do not make a living from journalism. The content of the work is also dedicated to an analysis of the Twitter posts of all ten respondents from the first two weeks of the war. The conclusion summarizes the most important findings.
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Bipartisanship of US journalism on the example of media coverage of the 2022 midterm election
Strnad, David ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the relationship between American media and politics, particularly the partisan leaning of mainstream US media towards Republicans or Democrats. General media and political theories are introduced and then applied to a specific framework of the development of relationship between US media and political systems. It was necessary to include terms from political theory for completeness of the studied phenomenon which in itself is influenced by both media and politics. The thesis also draws on the hypothesis presented in Four Theories of the Press arguing that media reflect the social and therefore political system in which they operate. Hence, terms as media bias, agenda-setting or framing are accompanied by descriptions of a two-party system or the study of a general relationship between politics and the media. The thesis also offers overviews of the historical development of American politics and the media's relationship towards partisanship. The division of mainstream US media to two groups based on their appeal towards one of the parties is demonstrated not only by describing current analytical projects but also by own research. A quantitative content analysis with qualitative elements analyses and compares the thematic and genre representation of the online...
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Media Image of Deputies in Czech Daily Press
Sůsa, Richard ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
1 Abstract Diploma thesis Media Image of Deputies in Czech Daily Press focuses on the identification of factors influencing the media image of certain Czech high-profile politicians. A three- year research period analyses the depiction of all members of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Four Czech daily newspapers with the highest readership figures are chosen for the analysis, the sample is selected via the constructed weeks method. For clarity and to avoid the possible influence of strong media attention directed at the members of government, only the deputies who do not hold such executive office are included. The opening chapters provide an overview of a theoretical approach to political communication development and studies, as well as international research on politicians' media visibility. An extensive chapter depicts the establishment of an original Czech parliament-the Czech National Council-as well as its role in the establishment of the Czech Republic and the position of the Chamber of Deputies in the country's current political system set by the Constitution. As it holds a slight significance for the way politics is presented in the media, an overview of the electoral system and its main influential reforms is also included in this thesis. The...
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Media coverage of the Pentagon Papers affair in the newspapers Rudé právo, The New York Times and The Times
Šimečková, Karolína ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Media portrayal of the Pentagon Papers affair in The New York Times, Rudé právo and The Times" focuses on the events related to the Pentagon Papers affair from mid-1971, specifically the analysis of newspaper texts on the topic. The problem of this scandal is captured in the period before its revelation (from May 31 to June 13, 1971), two weeks after its disclosure in June (from June 13 to June 30, 1971), and up to mid-July (from July 1 to July 14, 1971). Within the theoretical part of the thesis, the concept of propaganda is explained, along with an introduction to the newspapers themselves, their history, and contemporary characteristics. Subsequently, the historical-political context of the Pentagon Papers affair is explained, including a brief background on the Vietnam War and two key figures and their role in revealing the report to the public. During the comparative analysis of the newspapers The New York Times, Rudé právo, and The Times, the topics, content of texts, lexical level of articles, as well as the style of presentation and news value of individual contributions are monitored. The aim of the thesis is to create a comprehensive overview of the different processing of the identical scandal by newspapers with different tendencies, caused not only but primarily...
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Design of Desktop Laser Engraver
Charvát, Jakub ; Křenek, Ladislav (referee) ; Rubínová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the conceptual design of a desktop laser engraving machine. The main goal is to design functional and innovative shaping that shows appropriate compactness. The thesis includes a survey of existing products and a study of the laser engraving process. The resulting solution is in accordance with functional, ergonomic and safety parameters.
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Localization of the medical working tool on the patient's body
Charvát, Jakub ; Gábrlík, Petr (referee) ; Chromý, Adam (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to create a system that will assist doctors in localizing and relocalizing positions on the human body. The considered use-case is the dermatological diagnosis of skin diseases. The thesis includes the design and implementation of a localization system for a medical instrument and a demonstration application. The system stores positions on a unique 3D model of a specific patient taken by a 3D scanner. According to the tests performed in the last part of the thesis, the proposed system can localize positions on the human body with accuracy in units of millimeters.
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Media image of Václav Klaus and Vladimír Mečiar in selected press from the period of split of Czechoslovakia
Matějková, Kristýna ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
Czechoslovakia underwent a challenging transition from a communist regime to a democratic system in the 1990s. Some Slovak citizens perceived this period as their chance to seek emancipation. This desire, nourished by some political figures, started the division process of the Czechoslovak federation, which resulted in a series of bargaining between the two national prime ministers, Václav Klaus and Vladimír Mečiar. The citizens of the federation were waiting to see how their protracted meetings would unfold. And the only intermediary that could regularly bring them information, were the media. Nevertheless, through its important role of informing the public, the media also has a considerable power to influence what people consider important and what they think about. The way in which the media covered all events that led to the breakup may have had an effect on the public opinion on the existence of Czechoslovakia. This diploma thesis offers a view on how selected Czechoslovak press in 1992 portrayed the main characters of the final split of Czechoslovakia, focusing on the perception of Václav Klaus in Slovak media and Vladimír Mečiar in Czech media.
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Populism as a discursive strategy: an analysis of the communication of selected populist actors in the Czech political arena
Křovák, Jan ; Charvát, Jakub (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
This paper analyses the concept of populism as a discursive strategy. Therefore, it uses the view of populist discourse as discussed by Ernesto Laclau and other authors in their works. The author analyses the communication practices of four selected Czech political actors on social networks (Facebook and Twitter) in the period before the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic in October 2021. For the analysis, the author chose representatives who are commonly labelled as populists, i.e. former Prime Minister Andrej Babiš, far-right populists, i.e. Tomio Okamura, and then two politicians representing mainstream parties - Markéta Pekarová Adamová from TOP 09 and Vít Rakušan from STAN. In the theoretical part, the author describes in depth the phenomenon of populism on the basis of expert literature, and in a comprehensive way points out the relationship between populism, social networks, media and political communication. In the practical part, the author conducted a so-called critical discursive analysis of posts of the politicians on the above-mentioned social media and then compared their dominant communication practices. The author then places the data and results of the research in context of the populist narrative described in the theoretical part of the thesis.
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