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Spy activities of Berlin's CIA and its influence on the international status of the US between 1945 and 1961
Motyčková, Hana ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pečenka, Marek (referee)
Cold War has escalated in the era of the nuclear weapons, which in case of use would mean a total war with an uncertain outcome for each side. Hence, the society saw the dawn of new kinds of weapons. At the time information became an important weapon, too. Therefore intelligence became a valuable resource, the competitors would spend millions of dollars on. As the need for information used for weakening the enemy grew, the number of secret services, spies and espionage operations grew as well. Secret services engaged in development of new spying technologies and kept on infiltrating strategic positions in order to facilitate the espionage. Berlin, situated in the very center of the Soviet occupation zone, became one of these strategic locations for gathering information. The city of Berlin was divided into four zones under the Protocol on Zones of Occupation and Administration of Germany and "Greater Berlin" in 1944, each of them under administration of one of the Allies. Moreover, the city as one whole experienced joint occupation regime. Therefore Berlin became an ideal environment in terms of secret services and the city turned out to be the undercover paradise. Especially American and Soviet secret services saw mutual clashes on the daily basis. Even though the United States mastered the...
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The influence of American foreign policy on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict between the years 1989-1997
Bokša, Michal ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The aim of this paper is to compare G. H. W. Bush's and W. J. Clinton's foreign policy within the framework of Palestinian-Israeli peace process between the years 1989 and 1997. Therefore, this thesis focuses especially on the Madrid Peace Conference and Oslo agreements. First two chapters deal with basic, yet crucial, aspects of both Bush's and Clinton's Middle Eastern Policy. Third chapter afterwards compares above mentioned policies in three different fields. Firstly, it compares their active and passive approaches applied both in order to arrange peace talks and facilitate them later on. Secondly, it contrasts their different attitudes towards Israeli's settlement building policy. Lastly, it compares their approaches towards UN SCR 242 and 338. In Conclusion, results of this research show that Bush's foreign policy has proved to be, in the researched period, more effective.
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American Occupation of Japan: Goals and Means of the U.S. Foreign Policy During the First Phase of Occupation 1945-1947
Štverková, Iva ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The thesis "American Occupation of Japan: Goals and Means of American Foreign Policy During the First Term of the Occupation 1945-1947" analyzes the way of implementation of the U.S. occupation of Japan between 1945-1947, its structure and development, and the diplomatic steps of the United States to ensure that it would be the main and in practice the only power deciding the course of the occupation. The goal of this analysis is to answer how important Japan was for United States: was it only a defeated enemy from whom the US tries to secure reparations, possible economic partner or was Japan considered as a possible strategic ally in Asia? What was the aim of the US in Japan? To answer these questions, it is crucial to look in detail at alternative scenarios of the occupation, why the U.S. decided to carry out the occupation of Japan in the fashion it did, and what means the U.S. used to reach their goals. To this end, the work will examine why the United States struggled to ensure that they were the only power with influence over the post-war reconstruction of Japan, and why they decided not to create occupation zones or why they did not cede responsibility to carry out the occupation to the League of Nations. Another goal is to examine from the U.S. perspective whether the occupation was...
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The Ideological Foundations of American Foreign Policy: John Lock's liberalism
Kárník, Jan ; Franěk, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Main focus of this bachelor thesis is the influence of John Locke's political theory on American foreign policy. Its aim is to reveal the colonial context of Locke's theory and link it with American exceptionalism and also to identify some features of Locke's theory with the "War on Terror" and the so-called "Bush Doctrine". Two dichotomies typical of American foreign policy studies are being examined, realism-idealism and isolationism-expansionism. To understand them better, the thesis examines briefly the history of the early American republic with an emphasis on the so-called Monroe Doctrine. In conclusion, the author states that the tradition of American foreign policy is rather expansionist and unilateralist then isolationist and that it is hard to place it clearly in the realism-idealism dichotomy. Locke's political theory is found at the core of American exceptionalism and idealism and some features of Locke' theory are found in the "War on Terror" and in the "Bush doctrine". At the end it is argued, that it is necessary to keep in mind the eurocentrism of Locke's theory and the ideological nature of American exceptionalism when studying American foreign policy.
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United States and Europe: the causes of the origins and decline of the regional hegemony strategy
Přikryl, Pavel ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
American policy towards European integration process has always seemed equivocal: on one hand it actively supported and encouraged the process, but on the other hand it tried to contain some specific European ambitions and steer the process in a desirable direction. The objective of the thesis is to offer a possible explanation of the long-term US policy towards the European integration and European region in general. The dissertation presents a hypothesis that the American policy towards Europe since the Second World War until current times can be explained within the theorethical concept of "regional hegemony strategy". The concept builds on neorealist and neoliberal interpretations of hegemony, which are applied to the process of formulation of American grand strategy. It identifies a set of independent variables effecting the resulting strategy and operationalizes the expected strategy into particular goals. The empirical part of the dissertation then tests the established hyphothesis in two ways. In the first part it analyzes the identified independent variables and tests the causality betwen their historical evolution and evolution of the American grand strategy, especially in relation to the European region. In the consequent parts, it focuses on the American policy towards the European integration...
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The War on Terror and the Strategy of Containment
Etčer, Tomáš ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the nature of fight against terrorism of Barack Obama's government. Its objective is to verify the main hypothesis which says: "The transformation of war against terrorism, after Barack Obama acceded to the office, has got characteristics of Strategy of Containment as perceived by Ian Shapiro." Verification process will be done by comparing modern Strategy of Containment by Ian Shapiro to american strategy of war with terrorism, exercised by Barack Obama's Administration after his accession to the office in January 2009. In Obama's strategy of war against terrorism this paper will look for modern outlines of the containment doctrine and consequently it will evaluate Obama's strategy and concept of national security from this perspective as whole.
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The Role of Central Europe in U.S. Foreign Policy After the Cold War
Jireš, Jan ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Kořan, Michal (referee) ; Ellinger, Jiří (referee)
The main goal of this disertation is to map American pespectives on the position of Central Europe in American foreign policy after the Cold War. Its ambition is to systematize the particular area of American foreign policy thought that deals with Central Europe and, more precisely, with U.S. relations with the region. The goal is to contribute to a better understanding of how have the individual camps and traditions represented in the American foreign policy debate approached this particular issue. To achieve these goals, this disertation employs two existing typologies of American foreign policy thought and, subsequently, attempts to create a new, original typology that would better suit the aim of mapping the whole spectrum of relevant American perspectives on Central Europe. This disertation does not describe what has really happened in Central European-American relations, but rather aims at understanding better the U.S. foreign policy thought or, better said, one specific part of it: Opinions on U.S.-Central European relations and the position of Central Erope in international politics. Analysing the American post-Cold War discourse on Central Europe is the instrument to achieve this goal. This disertation, however, does not pressupose a direct causal link between the discourse and the...
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Assessment of the Foreign and Security Policy of the 43rd American President
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Lacina, Karel (referee) ; Krč, Miroslav (referee)
The main aim of the final thesis is to assess American foreign and security policy during 2001 -- 2008 using concepts of security and strategic culture. Security and strategic culture (SSC) are rather new concepts in IR, but always more attention is paid to them. Poststructuralist conception was chosen as to be the main approach towards these concepts, since it enables to work with discursive actions of strategic and security elites. On the theoretical plane, concepts of SSC are elaborated and theoretically separated. The practical level scrutinizes how the SSC influenced the key decisions within examined period and what impact strategic and security elites had on changes of SSC. The last, assessing level, analyzes how the changes of the SSC identified on practical level, influenced American foreign and security policy and also main doctrinal documents. The main focus is on the attacks of 9/11 which had a great impact on such turbulent times, wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, which were fought in response to the above mentioned attacks, and changes of the foreign and security policy of the USA in the light of the unsuccessful Global War on Terror.
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Proměny americké zahraniční bezpečnostní politiky ve 21. století
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Školkayová, Marta (referee)
The dissertation identifies and analyzes metamorphosis of the US foreign security policy in the 21st century. The main aim is also to identify whether the United States entered a new era with the attacks of 9/11 and whether so called the Bush doctrine was an appropriate reaction to the global terrorism. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the US security strategies since WWII. In the second chapter, foreign security policy of George W. Bush and its metamorphosis is analyzed. The last chapter is devoted to the security strategies of Barack Obama.
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American Foreign Policy in a period of Madeleine Korbel Albright
Koblihová, Romana ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matějka, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis is about Madeleine Korbel Albright as an important person of international relations. It asks two questions - what was the position of MKA within Clinton's administrations and what was the impact of her live experiences on her attitudes in international relations. It is diveded in three parts - the first one is about the actors of american foreign policy, the prezident, Department of State and NSC, the second part is about the experiences of MKA and the last one is about her acting in american foreign policy.
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