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Arab Political Representation in Israel: Goals and Obstacles
Vlčková, Lýdie ; Kalhousová, Irena (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This bachelor's thesis puts into context the current development of Israeli Arab political representation. It builds upon the existing situation in Israel, where Arabs and Jews do not enjoy equal positions on many levels. The thesis then poses the question, what are the goals the Arab representation seeks to achieve, and what are the obstacles it faces in the Israeli political system. The thesis follows the historical development of Arabs' position in Israel and then continues by examining the goals and behavior of four Israeli Arab parties present in the Knesset. By presenting each party separately, the thesis shows their different positions toward the State of Israel and the strategies they use to advance their goals, which are then categorized as national and civic. The thesis then observes the existing or potential challenges the parties face, identified as legal obstacles, as presented in reports of Adalah or Amnesty International, and delegitimization. The thesis then evaluates their effect on achieving the parties' goals. The limits of Arab political representation are further highlighted in two case studies dedicated to one of its greatest potential obstacles on the one hand and one of its most important achievements on the other. As a result, the goals on the national level were identified...
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Patterns of democracy and human rights - An analysis of the relationship between changes in democracy and human rights at the European Court of Human Rights
D'Andrea, Giada ; Lipovský, Milan (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
Since the very beginning, the European Court of Human Rights has suffered from a systemic issue: case overload. And despite the continuous reforms of the Convention system, a final solution seems still quite far from being achieved. Despite the focus of researchers and practitioners on this topic, few have investigated the relationship between the internal mechanisms of the states and their consequences on the backlog of the Court. This thesis offers insights over the relationship between the democratic status of a country and the proceedings before the European Court of Human Rights. It analyses the development of the Court from 1959 until 2021, finding that the reforms put in place by the Court along the years seem to have sorted only a minor effect in reducing the backlog of applications. Second, the panel study between 2000 and 2021 revealed that the democratic status of a country has a significant and negative relationship with the number of applications per capita filed to the Court. Lastly, the qualitative study shows the lack of a clear pattern among the democratic score of a country and the type of violations committed. However, through this last method a new pattern appears. There seems to be a negative relationship between the democratic score of a country and the share of violations...
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Coal and Conflict in Eastern Ukraine
Arthofer, Nicholas Roy ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Mazač, Jan (referee)
The goal of this work is to analyze the behavior of actors involved in the ceasefire set by the Minsk II protocols in the Donbas region of Ukraine. The study begins by explaining ceasefires from a theoretical perspective and are proven to be an integral form of state relations. Actors have options in ways to react to ceasefires, and act upon differing impulses when they are presented with a situation set by an existing ceasefire which is in effect. This decision-making process is highly convoluted, but because a ceasefire is often the difference between open conflict and a cessation of violence, it is crucial to understand each possible reaction, so as to give the parties involved the best chance at reducing violence. The Minsk II Protocols, signed on February 12th , 2015, were designed to reduce violence and tensions in the Eastern Donbas region. The legitimacy of the ceasefire was acknowledged, and yet fighting continued after it took effectiveness. This study seeks to show that despite this seemingly incongruent behavior, the decision to violate the ceasefire was rational at the time of the violations themselves. Rationality is described, Sovereignty is defined, and the study attempts to prove that due to the economic situation that could be separatists were confronted with, it was highly...
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"Special relationship" before the World War 2?
Bayer, Michael ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The thesis describes the relationship between the United States of America and Great Britain in the period before the Second World War, with emphasis on the interwar period. The two Anglophone countries have been in some elementary connection since the War of Independence, which did develop further during the administration of President Theodor Roosevelt and later his cousin and distant relative Franklin D. Roosevelt. However, close cooperation, as was the case after the outbreak of World War II and during the Cold War, was rather non-existent and relations were not always ideal. What never disappeared, however, was the mutual effort to lead the discussion, despite almost sometimes hostile relations. This work aimed to examine those difficult relations between Great Britain and the United States and to show how mutual relations changed and over time connected their destinies.
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Evolution of the preferences of the Council of the European Union in negotiating Transparency Register
Štefániková, Michaela ; Martinková, Viera (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The thesis examines the evolution of the preferences of the Council of the European Union in the context of the approval of the European lobbying control mechanism, the so-called Transparency Register. In the thesis, the author sets three research hypotheses that seek to prove the influence of three different factors on the positions of the Council, as the last institution to enter the negotiation process. The thesis is based on rational choice theory, specifically the agenda-setting as well as the principal-agent sub-theory. The methodological form of the thesis research is based on the qualitative method of process-tracing, which explains the investigation of the chain of events or decision processes through which conditions are transformed into outcomes. The examination of agenda-setting confirmed the fact that although the Commission as the primary actor of agenda-setting at the EU level has fulfilled this role, it uses only soft power and a diplomatic narrative that lacks authority, which prevents it from convincing the Council to actively cooperate in negotiating the Register. On the contrary, the informal but significant agenda-setting role of the European Parliament, through publicity and inter-institutional dialogue, has achieved that the Council has agreed to the negotiations, even in the...
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Terrorism in Popular Culture: A Discourse Analysis of the Portrayal of IRA-Terrorism in Films
Prateepjinda, Kan ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Kan Prateepjinda Terrorism in Popular Culture: A Discourse Analysis of the Portrayal of IRA Terrorism in Films Abstract The paper begins by asserting that -terrorism‖ is a social construct based on discourse from a particular historical context, and that our understanding of terrorism is fashioned by that discourse. It goes on to argue that film, as a powerful medium of popular culture, generates meaning of social events and gives filmgoers a feeling of reality; film functions as a second view on the world, guiding audiences from reel to real. The study shows how the forty-year long (1968-2008) history of IRA terrorism is portrayed through a selection of eight films, and the -articulation‖ and -interpellation‖ are studied empirically through the portrayal of terrorism in these films. The discourse on terrorism is analyzed in terms of discourse productivity, and the study uses Foucault's genealogy to trace the -history of present-day IRA terrorism.‖ The findings show that discursive formations are displayed as four different features of IRA terrorism constructed by film language and textual language. These different features reveal the discontinuity of the discourse that is framed by particular time periods. The paper concludes that IRA terrorism (and the acts of IRA terrorists), as portrayed in the eight...
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Transformation of geopolitical importance of Arctic Ocean due to climate change.
Doboš, Bohumil ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
Work describes and predicts future development in geopolitical situation in the region of the Arctic Ocean. Problematic is covered with regard to melting of the Arctic iceberg leading to access of mineral resources under the sea floor, as well as to opening of so-called Northern Route as the shortest sea route between Far East and European markets. Thesis is a case study, which creates the most probable development in the region and its conflict potential based on study of available sources. Specific points covered in the text are, after geographically limiting the area and summing up the historical process, problematic of peak oil and sketching probability of melting of the Arctic iceberg. Second part covers the question of recovering of the mineral resources in the area - oil and natural gas as the most important. It also deals with dependence of the countries in the area on the drilling and with impacts of the possible drilling in the Arctic Ocean on the situation inside these countries. Last topic covered in this part are tools a conventions of the sea law dealing with setting of so-called Exclusive economic zones and technical difficulties of the mining process. Third part covers topic of availability of Northern Route and North-west Passage and their fallout on the trade between Far East and Europe...
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