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The transfer of (im)politeness in interpreting
Kavínová, Martina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ott, Libor (referee)
While the linguistic concept of politeness has been thoroughly analyzed, the same does not apply to its interpreting. The present theoretical-empirical work describes the means for expressing politeness grouped by G. Leechʼs maxims of politeness. The empirical part analyzes recordings of simultaneous interpretation from media and European Parliament settings. This is a quantitative study and the outcome is the number of means for expressing politeness which the interpreters conveyed into Czech. On average and in all of the material 65,7 % of means for expressing politeness were conveyed into Czech in compliance with the maxims. The means analyzed are prosody, non-verbal communication, modality, personal reference, etc. An equivalent interpretation of means of politeness was deemed desirable. The thesis verifies the hypothesis whether the level of politeness significantly increased in comparison with the original speeches. Key words: politeness, pragmatics, illocutionary act, maxims of politeness, face, modality, prosody, non- verbal communication, Czech, English, interpreting, equivalence, US presidential debate, Obama, Romney, Common Agricultural Policy, European Parliament, Catherine Ashton, forms of address
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Czech translations of historical novel by Leo Tolstoy: War and Peace
Sedláčiková, Irena ; Hrdlička, Milan (advisor) ; Hasil, Jiří (referee)
The thesis is focused on comparison of selected Czech translations of the novel by Russian writer Leo Tolstoy War and Peace. It is based on an extensive selected material to identify a degree and a quality of the overall approximation of the selected Czech translation to the original text of the novel, especially respecting the aesthetic values of the work, its lexical - semantic, syntactic and stylistic plane. The thesis assesses furthermore the adequacy of the translated texts relatively needs of their readers or pragmatic aspect. The conclusion summarizes the results of analysis, which lead to deepening our knowledge of these issues and their usage in the practice of translation. The Annex contents the interview with Mr. L. Dvorak who is the last translator of the novel. Key words: artistic translation, translation as an act of communication, equivalence, adequacy, obsolescence of translation, orientation to readers, shift in translation, Czech translations of the novel War and Peace
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Comparison of the Polish translation of the novel "Konec punku v Helsinkách" with the original Czech version
Šemberová, Daria ; Hrdlička, Milan (advisor) ; Adamovičová, Ana (referee)
ŠEMBEROVÁ, DARIA. Comparison of the Polish translation of the novel "Konec punku v Helsinkách" with the original Czech version. Praha: Charles University. Faculty of Arts, 2015. The thesis deals with the issue of translatability of colloquial Czech elements and lexical Germanisms into the Polish language using the comparison of the novel Konec punku v Helsinkách by Jaroslav Rudiš and its Polish translation. The theoretical part briefly discusses the literary work of Jaroslav Rudiš, stratification of Czech and Polish national language, colloquial Czech and its use in literature and literary translation, lexical Germanisms in Czech as well as basic issues of translation of literary works. The practical part of the thesis deals with a critical analysis of the Polish translation of the novel by Jaroslav Rudiš regarding the mentioned aspects. Key words: Czech language, Polish language, common Czech, Germanism, multilingualism, translation theory, adequacy, 21st century Czech literature, Rudiš, Jaroslav
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Cross-Country Comparability of Social Capital and Political Disaffection Attitude Scales in the European Social Survey
Anýžová, Petra ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Hamplová, Dana (referee) ; Urbánek, Tomáš (referee)
Petra A n ý ž o v á Doctoral thesis: Cross-Country Comparability of Social Capital and Political Disaffection Attitude Scales in the European Social Survey Abstract The doctoral thesis deals with the methodological perspectives of comparative cross-national research. Currently, in the globalization period, the importance of these perspectives has been increasing. Unfortunately, social scientists analyse attractive international data more and more often without realising the levels of data comparability. Therefore they are not fully aware the best approach to statistical analysis of these data and their convenient comparative interpretation. This thesis introduces the issue of data equivalence as one of the most important quality aspects of cross-national research and focuses especially on attitude scales owing to the fact that their comparability is endangered the most in comparative research. In particular, the subject of the analysis is the international comparability of two of the most frequent robust attitude scales: namely social capital and political disaffection scales as they are measured in the European Social Survey first data set. In sociology and political science, these two social science concepts are very significant and they have been studied both theoretically and empirically as social...
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Idiomatic Phrases in the Novell "Buchmendel" from Stefan Zweig and in its Translation into Czech
Kyselová, Soňa ; Hejhalová, Věra (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This bachelor's thesis pursues the contrastive comparison of Czech and German idioms in Stefan Zweig's novel "Buchmendel" and its Czech translation. Besides the theoretical description of idioms, its characteristic features and its classification deals the thesis with the contrastive phraseology, which was taken into account in the practical section, where the found idioms were divided according to their degree of equivalence, compared and commented. The center of interest is the appraisal of the suitability of the translation.
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Comparison of Czech, Russian and English simile
Krauzová, Marcela ; Rozboudová, Lenka (advisor) ; Žofková, Hana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to similes in Czech, Russian and English languages. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the influence of culture on language and summarizes the basic knowledge of the phraseology and terminology associated with it (phraseological unit, idiom and simile). The practical part of the thesis analyses the specific similes in Czech, Russian and English languages, dividing them into categories on the basis of their meaning and according to the degree of their mutual equivalence. It presents the meaning of Czech, Russian and English simile, including examples of the use of phraseological units in Russian literature, organised into several tables. The tables also include symbols, which stand for full or partial degree of equivalence as well as for unequal similes. The aim of this work is to confirm or disprove a hypothesis set in advance regarding the degree of influence of closely related languages on the equivalence of idioms.
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Comparison of pension systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America
Brtník, Karel ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Kotrusová, Miriam (referee)
This thesis present an analysis of pension systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America, according to the status in 2013. The aim is to make comparison of pension schemes based on defined criteria, that are budgetary responsibility, the quality of life for the elderly, social justice, social solidarity, equivalence and financial sustainability of the pension system. Another objective is to compare each pillar of the pension systems and analyze the different elements of the benefits that are provided from mentioned pillars. Theoretical basis include the Welfare State theory, the theory of public finance and the theory of market, state and civic sector and the criterion anchoring of the reform. The research is devoted to the analysis of pension systems ability to provide an adequate income in retirement, what is the real purchasing power of pensioners, whether the pension systems are due to unfavorable demographic development in the future financially sustainable and how the pension system encourages older workers to remain in the labor market.
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Analysis of translation of the short story Girls by Oksana Zabužko
Duricka, Tatjana ; Hrdlička, Milan (advisor) ; Ivanovová, Darina (referee)
This dissertation is dedicated to the Ukraine writter Oksana Zabuzhko. At the beginning I'm describing literary-historical and biografical circumstances which led to the birth of her creation. Then I'm focusing on the charasteristic of her prosaic work and her style of writing including the very detailed analysis of her collections of stories named " Sister, sister". This dissertation is as well describing the position of female literature in the present Ukraine literacy process and Oksana Zabuzhko 's part in its development. Second part of my dissertation is focused on the analysis of the translated story called "Girls", from the collection of stories "Sister, sister". Evalution criterions are in this case the questions of equivalence - adequacy of the translation, translation of (un)translatable lexical units in Czech, the problems with translations of facts, translation of foreign languages' parts in original text and reproduction Olga Zabuzkova's style in all levels - syntactic, lexical and expressive as well. Minor mistakes in the translation to the Czech version were revealed during the research, but overall the translation is rated as a very successful one. The translator succeed in transfering of artistic values and pragmatic effect of the original work into Czech language.
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Animals and plants in Italian and Czech phrases
Gábová, Renata ; Špaček, Jiří (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee)
(in English): My Thesis analyses Italian and Czech phraseological units containing animal and plant themes. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with phraseology, idiomatic and basic terminology. The practical part deals with symbols, weather saying and the phraseological unit analysis based on their level of equivalency. The following chapters are analyzing morphological, lexical, syntactical and work-making point of view.
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