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Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916. A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation
Cermanová, Jana ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Blümlová, Dagmar (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Jana Cermanová Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916 A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation Dissertation synopsis Sculpture as an artistic discipline experienced a dynamic rise in the Czech lands at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This followed the much admired example of France, where Charles Morice, referencing Rodin and his pupils, asserted the dominance of modern sculpture over painting in 1910. Thanks in large part to major art world figure and educator J. V. Myslbek, the Czech lands also saw the development of a highly ambitious group of sculptors poised to address a growing social demand for monumental works (particularly memorials) that recaptured the city's public space. Sculptors worked on architectural commissions for decorative sculptures and on orders for funerary objects, which guaranteed them an income and enabled them to pursue their own creative work. However, it was chiefly this "flood of monuments" that attracted public attention to sculptors and garnered them social prestige. Sculptors became more deeply involved in art events and played a major role in addressing contemporary art world issues. The public boom enjoyed by sculpture carried over into exhibition halls, where ...
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The Czech nobility in the second half of the 19th century. Noble estate in the Bohemia at the turn of the ages: The analysis of economic conditions of three aristocratic families
Páťal, Luboš ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Švaříčková Slabáková, Radmila (referee) ; Cibulka, Pavel (referee)
The Bohemian nobility in the second half of the 19th century. Noble estate in the Bohemia at the turn of the ages: The analysis of economic conditions of three aristocratic families. The second half of the 19th century and early 20th century is a time of transformation, with one phase of economic, social and societal history ending in Austria in 1848. This newly emerging world full of changes must also be addressed by the Bohemian nobility, which is also one of the groups affected by these changes. Abolition of forced labor and the subsequent purchase of land lead to the release of an unprecedented amount of free capital. The Bohemian nobility look for business disciplines in which they invest this free capital, but at the same time they must deal with the transfer of their landed property from patrimonial management to economic estate. The nobility is therefore forced to innovate their agricultural production, forest production and to improve the management of their estates; they invest their free capital not only in manufacturing, but also in industries unrelated to the agricultural operation of their ancestral estates, while also investing in the construction of railways. The nobility address their position in the new local governmental and self-governing structures of the monarchy. Count Chotek family...
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The Role of Greece anf Turkey in the U.S. Strategy of Containment, 1945-1953
Koura, Jan ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
Among the states, the history of which was affected by the Cold War can undoubtedly be ranked both Greece and Turkey. Their geostrategic singularity, accentuated by the outcomes of the World War II, caused that the "struggle" between the United States and the Soviet Union for influence in those countries had considerably contributed to a shift in the course of U.S. foreign policy towards the Soviet Union and to adopting an entirely new strategic concept which was to be called as the "strategy of containment". A number of quality books have already been dealing with the general characteristics of this strategy; however, historians have not turned enough attention - which is rather surprising - to its implementation in particular countries and territories. Therefore, an analysis of particular impacts of the strategy of containment on Greece and Turkey, as well as an evaluation of how successfully this approach of the United States towards both the countries worked, have become primary aims of my dissertation. The U.S. strategy of containment, which can be regarded as an example of the so called "grand strategy", had become a key factor of the U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. The process of its coming into existence was complicated and cannot be marked off by one document or an event; its...
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Outdoor education ane German scout-type youth organizations in the Czech lands
Jelínek, Tomáš ; Waic, Marek (advisor) ; Štumbauer, Jan (referee) ; Pátková, Hana (referee)
"Outdoor Education" and German Scout-Type Youth Organizations in the Czech Lands Title: "Outdoor Education" and German Scout-Type Youth Organizations in the Czech Lands Abstract: The thesis deals with the formation and history of German youth organizations in the Czech Lands. It especially covers those organizations that either directly referred to the Scout movement originating in the UK or US, or at least adopted the fundamental educational methods and principles of working with the youth which were typical for these movements. These organizations marked a revolutionary change in the approach to youth and their education. Such a change was possible thanks to a series of philosophical, pedagogical and political transformations in the society. Scout movements were especially built on the modern philosophical theories based on the ideas of American and German philosophers. However, the roots of this approach to nature and to human education can be traced to the early modern era, when the first modern approaches to teaching appeared and were generally applied under the changing economic and social environment of a modern society. In addition to philosophy, the movement was also influenced by a number of other social, political, ideological and cultural phenomena. The origins of these organizations can be seen...
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Democracy is agon: on Machiavelli's populist republicanism
Bíba, Jan ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Barša, Pavel (referee) ; Velek, Josef (referee)
The present dissertation deals with the relationship between democracy and agonism. It attempts to defend the idea that certain problematic aspects of contemporary liberal democracies are not due to their origin primarily in the change of social conditions (the massification of democracy, the growth of complexity in modern societies), that made the original democratic promises unrealizable, but in certain oblivion of the agon. The agon is understood as a constitutive feature of democratic society and its oblivion is seen not to be accidental. To defend this proposition I focuse on an interpretation of the dialogue between populist republicanism (Machiavelli) and elitist republicanism (Guicciardini). This dialogue is usually understood as one of the sources of modern democratic tradition. I try to explain that in Machiavelli's political theory two notions of agonism are present - pragmatic agon that sees conflict as a basis of social cohesion and strategic agon that is described as a ferocious egalitarianism employed by the second class citizens in order to gain equality from the first class citizens. These two forms of agonism are explained to form the axis of Machiavelli's notion of the political and also of a free republic and democracy. Guicciardini's elitist republicanism is shown to stand in opposition...
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Bedrich Smetana's Diaries.
Mojžíšová, Olga ; Ottlová, Marta (advisor) ; Gabrielová, Jarmila (referee) ; Jakubcová, Alena (referee)
Deníky Bedřicha Smetany představují rozsahem i výpovědní hodnotou unikátní pramenný soubor. Skladatel si je psal po většinu svého života a jsou tak nejen zdrojem cenných biografických údajů, ale i informací z rodinného prostředí a ze společenského a hudebního života. Ve smetanovské literatuře byly deníky dosud využívány především jako zdroj faktografických informací, publikovány z nich byly pouze vybrané partie, v celé šíři jejich problematiky, ani v oblasti ediční jim však zatím adekvátní pozornost věnována nebyla. Předkládaná práce podává podrobnou charakteristiku a analýzu všech deníkových záznamů Bedřicha Smetany v kontextu příslušných životních etap: 1. v době studií (1843-1847), 2. za pobytu ve Švédsku a na koncertních cestách (1857-1862), 3. během působení v českém hudebním životě (1862-1883). V bezprostředním propojení s jeho životními a uměleckými osudy sleduje jejich obsahové spektrum, rozsah a hierarchii jednotlivých tematických okruhů a jejich případné proměny v jednotlivých obdobích či během nich, i okolnosti, kterými byly podmíněny, jazyk, způsob záznamů, míru jejich objektivity. Součástí je též podrobný popis všech pramenů spadajících do kategorie deníkových záznamů. Pozornost je věnována i významu a roli deníků v rámci smetanovské pramenné základny a jejich poměru k dalším typům...
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Visual Poetry in the Network of the International Communication. Terms, Categories, Typology
Krátká, Eva ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Langerová, Marie (referee) ; Pomajzlová, Alena (referee)
The doctoral thesis is concerned diachronically with the term "visual poetry". The focus is on its progress during the period after the Second World War in the context of the extensively advanced movement, as substantially defined in international expert discussion. The use of the term, which is supported by the arguments of many theoreticians and artists of the period, is studied in the thesis from the viewpoint of the inspirational sources and specific contacts between art and literature. The focus is on the specific positions and strategies of visual perception. Visual poetry is studied - considering the different contexts of the European avant-garde movements and through the analysis of contemporaneous theories which defined three main lines of thought - as an incoherent art stream manifesting itself in the eclectic use of artistic media. In conclusion, the thesis looks at the project of Czech author poetics typology which grew from purely Czech examples based on formal language of the visual poetry works. The thesis seeks to point out the original aspects of the internal discussion of visual poetry, and to place it in the international context.
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Constraint Satisfaction Problem and Universal Algebra
Kazda, Alexandr ; Barto, Libor (advisor) ; Růžička, Pavel (referee) ; Valeriote, Matt (referee)
The thesis consists of a collection of my contributions to universal algebra. Motivated by the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP), we study the algebras of polymorphisms of relational structures. We begin by showing by an algebraic argument (and a bit of calculus) that random relational structures' CSP is almost always NP-complete. We then study digraphs with a Maltsev polymorphism, and conclude that such digraphs must also have a majority polymorphism. Next, we show how to use absorption tech- niques to prove that congruence modular reflexive digraphs must have an NU operation. We close our work by giving an algebraic proof of a result (first obtained by graph theorists) that 3-conservative relational structures with only unary and binary relations either define NP-complete CSP, or CSP for them can be solved by the local consistency algorithm. 1
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Peer Review of Vocational Education and Training Schools
Michek, Stanislav ; Rýdl, Karel (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Pol, Milan (referee)
TITLE: Peer Review of Vocational Education and Training Schools AUTHOR: Stanislav Michek DEPARTMENT: Department of Primary Education, Charles University in Prague SUPERVISOR: prof. PhDr. Karel Rýdl, CSc. ABSTRACT: The subject of the research of the thesis is the issue of external evaluation, particularly technical and vocational schools by partners at the same level (peer review). In the theoretical part is paid attention to concepts associated with the development of the school, the peer review is set in the context of other forms of external evaluation in education in general level and then describes the current state of the external evaluation of schools in the Czech Republic. For the empirical research was designed mixed methods design. When the research was, along with other research methods effected multiple case study - fed 4 specific stories of peer review in the Czech Republic. From the findings have been identified following supportive factors peer review: attitudes toward evaluation, condition, experience with evaluation, competency of the participants, of the interaction rated the school and peers and support peer review. At the end are suggested other possible ways of research and recommendations for educational policy. KEYWORDS: peer review, external evaluation, mixed methodology, school, teachers
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The role of S100 proteins in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases
Andrés Cerezo, Lucie ; Šenolt, Ladislav (advisor) ; Hrnčíř, Zbyněk (referee) ; Horák, Pavel (referee)
Introduction: Recent findings and better understanding to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases contributed to the development of biological therapies targeting cytokines and immune cells. Several S100 proteins exert cytokine-like effects and participate in the regulation of the inflammatory process. The aim of this work was to study the role of selected S100 proteins in the activity and in the pathogenesis of the rheumatic diseases. Results: Our data show for the first time an association of S100A4 proteinwith RA disease activity and decrease of the bioactive form, but not the total amount of S100A4, after aplication of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blocking biologic therapy in patients with RA. We demonstrated that in vitro S100A4 acts as a potent pro-inflammatory mediator inducing production of TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in PBMCs via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), transcription factor NFκB and tyrosine kinases erk1/2 and p38. Moreover, S100A4 can play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory myopathies. S100A4 is present in the inflammatory infiltrate of the affected muscles and in the regenerating muscles and may act as a cytokine-like factor indirectly promoting muscle fiber damage by stimulating mononuclear cells to increase the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We...
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