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Seniors working with new technologies and media
Štokrová, Aneta ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Novotný, David Jan (referee)
This written bachelor's thesis focuses on media literacy of seniors. This written part complements the information related to the practical output, which is a short audiovisual film in which the author documents her grandparents and their way of working with new technologies. At the theoretical level, this written part of the practical thesis deals mainly with the phenomenon of disinformation, chain e-mails and also mentions projects related to the education of seniors.
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Fake news during the presidental elections in the Czech Republic 2018 and in Slovakia 2019
Oravcová, Jana ; Lizcová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Handl, Vladimír (referee)
Comparative case study consists of 12 chapters and is composed as qualitative research. The main goal of the study is to research the fake news used in chosen set of data, consisting of 13 television debates. The case study works with two cases - the presidential election in the Czech Republic (2018) and in Slovakia (2019). First part of the analysis deals with methodology and theoretical background for fake news and role of television debates in election campaign. Next part is dedicated to the analyzed cases of elections, briefly covering the development of the election campaign followed by analysis. The results of the analysis are summed up in the independent chapter. As the most used fake news themes in given debates the analysis identifies following: migration, negative attitude towards media, questionable funding of the campaign and attempts to influence the elections. The main difference in the cases is the nature of the competition, when the acting president is running for re-election. Keywords: Fake news, desinformation, president, elections, campaign, television debate, Miloš Zeman, Jiří Drahoš, Zuzana Čaputová, Maroš Šefčovič
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Manual for Journalists: How to Work With Disinformation
Novotná, Barbora ; Poljakov, Nikita (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis focuses on disinformation and ways how to tackle it. In the beginning, the theoretical part introduces definitions of the fundamental terms, such as disinformation, misinformation, malinformation, and fake news, whose knowledge is crucial when working with this matter. Further, it describes the Czech disinformation scene in contrast to analyzes of the code of ethics of Czech mainstream online media, which are compared with a code of British public broadcasting company BBC. The theoretical part is also dedicated to the key topics for its practical part. Among those is knowledge of disinformation of Czech journalists and cognitive functions of the human's brain which have a significant influence on sharing false information. The practical part consists handbook for junior journalists which, apart from the theoretical part, is based on interviews with more than ten Finnish journalists, and experts on disinformation and media education. This handbook is divided into ten chapters, alias ten commandments, which brings journalists theoretical knowledge as well as practical tips for work with disinformation. A part of this handbook is also a working sheet designed for high school, which can be used during classes of media education, accompanied by an auxiliary sheet for teachers, and video of...
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Fake news - a phenomenon not only nowadays
Říha, Vladislav ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Samek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is a source of information and a practical guide for teachers' basic orientation in fake news issue. It presents various forms and examples of misinformation in the historical and political context. The history of hoaxes includes several centuries. Fake news accompany people from the invention of book printing to the present. For better understanding I will introduce them to teachers and students for their clear imagination of the situations in which mankind has encountered due to fake news from the past up to now. Knowledge or at least minimal awareness about the functioning of various information sources and the way how the fake news can influence users and customers help teachers to understand this problem and modern information sources as well. Then they can explain it to their students. Specific cases related to the environment of mystification of the public will help teachers to realize that information from the media should not be only blindly received and disseminated, but subjected to critical thinking about its credibility. First the educators should to be able to understand how to recognize false messages, what mechanisms does disinformation influence public opinion and where. Then they could pass this knowledge to their students. Findings from the overt non-standardised...
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Fake News: Methods of assessing and verifying news by their recipients
Čajanková, Kateřina ; Kasík, Pavel (advisor) ; Poljakov, Nikita (referee)
The diploma thesis "Fake News: Methods of assessing and verifying fake news by their recipients" is focused on the ways of evaluating media content by their recipients and the factors that affect the assessment process in the context of fake news phenomenon. The purpose of the thesis is to find out how people perceive the content they read; what affects their perception; and what are the criteria that govern their assessment. The theoretical part first defines the concept of fake (false) news, among other things in connection with the overuse of the term fake news. In the next chapters, the current role of the media and the issue of credibility and trust in the media are approached. The conclusion of the theoretical part discusses the social and psychological assumptions that affect the perception and actions of recipients. The second part presents the research background of this thesis. The research is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative inquiry. The qualitative approach is focused on the description of the processes and criteria used by the recipients in assessing and verifying the news. Data collection is therefore realized through eight semi-structured interviews, which are analysed by the open coding method. The quantitative research part is based on hypotheses about the...
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Influence of New Media on Journalists: Deprofessionalization of Journalism
Ševčíková, Marie ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Groman, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the transformation of the journalistic profession after the massive development and practical application of the new media. What does the current state of the media scene look like? What changes have taken place in connection with digitization and globalization? In examining these changes, I focus on how the journalistic profession has changed due to the influence of new media, the way they are used and their adaptation to them, based on the assumption that the field of journalism has been deprofessionalized. The aim of this thesis is to find and explain the key elements that caused the phenomenon, to demonstrate the correlation between the development of the new media and the declining prestige and professionalism of journalism by using quantitative and qualitative analysis.
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Reconstructing Identities in Fake News: Comparing two Fake News Websites
Ely, Nicole ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
TOPICAL ANALYSIS OF FAKE NEWS 4 Abstract Since the 2016 US presidential campaign of Donald Trump, the term "fake news" has permeated mainstream discourse. The proliferation of disinformation and false narratives on social media platforms has caused concern in security circles in both the United States and European Union. Combining latent Dirichlet allocation, a machine learning method for text mining, with themes on topical analysis, ideology and social identity drawn from Critical Discourse theory, this thesis examines the elaborate fake news environments of two well-known English language websites: InfoWars and Sputnik News. Through the exploration of the ideologies and social representations at play in the larger thematic structure of these websites, a picture of two very different platforms emerges. One, a white dominant, somewhat isolationist counterculture mindset that promotes a racist and bigoted view of the world. Another, a more subtle world order-making perspective intent on reaching people in the realm of the mundane. Keywords: fake news, Sputnik, InfoWars, topical analysis, latent Dirichlet allocation Od americké prezidentské kampaně Donalda Trumpa z roku 2016, termín "fake news" (doslovně falešné zprávy) pronikl do mainstreamového diskurzu. Šíření dezinformací a falešných zpráv na platformách...
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Fenomen deepfakes as a threat for journalism
Mudrová, Nikol ; Láb, Filip (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis tackles the newly occurring type of fake news - deepfake videos. Considering they are quite new and not profusely misused to spread disinformation yet, the thesis embraces this phenomenon right from its roots. In the first section, it defines, what disinformation is, what did it emerge from, how did it look like in the past and how does it look like now. Obviously, to the topic also applies its psychological perspective - in this case, why people's brain does not identify fake news and which short-cuts in processing information take disinformators an advantage from. After such an introduction to the problematics follows a part, which explains the technology behind producing deepfake videos. In a practical part of the thesis concrete deepfake examples are analyzed. Based on this analysis and an interview with Jakub Zelenka, a journalist focusing on fake news, the thesis answers a question of whether and how deepfake videos influence journalism.
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