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East and West and Cognition
Koláček, Luboš
of rigorous work Mgr. Luboš Koláček, Ph. D. The work is a specific approximation of the European author to the thought of the West with the East, based on the thinkers he selected on both sides. It presents a reflection of ontological, epistemological, ethical and psychological, sociological and other questions and answers to the problem, indicated by the name itself. It is a kaleidoscopic thinking that, by multiplying the contents in the reflections of the others and the others in the third thinkers, intertwines and unfolds into a huge breadth of ideas. In the work, intentionality is contained in the appropriate network of connections, which represents the West as thinking of explicit meanings and the East as thinking of implicit meanings. The point is to present to the reader not only ready-made statements, but the reader is invited by questions to cooperate in uncovering the unconcealed, i.e. aletheia. It is a hermeneutic method that starts from ready-made answers and only then comes to the questions that are at the same time the background from which the answer arose. It is a special dialogical method that does not want to juxtapose ready-made judgments, but requires the reader to go through this challenge as a co-solver of the question that is to come to the difference between the West and the...
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Denying Scientific Facts as a New Form of Revisionism
Matesová, Julie ; Špelda, Petr (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Modern society has been plagued by revisionism since the 19th century. It has permeated historical milestones of the 20th century and has recently found a new footing thanks to social media. One of its facets is science denial, once a harbinger of things to come, it now presents new security challenges. This thesis makes an argument that further research is needed into the effect of science denial and its roles within the socio-political landscape. Not only to better understand and prepare for its imminent entry into mainstream discourse but to develop an effective tool to counter it. The Flat Earth movement represents one of the revisionist groups that have recently garnered a wide audience, mainly thanks to creating a well-oiled machine spurring a convincing mix of science denial and anti-establishment conspiracy theories. While social media has bowed to legislative pressure to police content, the denialists' hydra-like efforts remain predominantly unchecked. Unobstructed, Flat Earthers maintain a vice-like grip on establishing their alternative reality with their own future goals. The modern Flat Earth movement is thus examined by Hansson's unifying framework for the qualification and characterization of science denial movements both epistemologically and from a sociological perspective,...
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East and West and Cognition
Koláček, Luboš ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee) ; Kalábová, Helena (referee)
The work is a philosophical and necessarily also historical-philosophical comparative analysis of mutually corresponding accents of the issue spanning the period from the 8th century BC to the present, with regard to the "axial period" of cultural "miracle" similarly prosperous cultures and philosophies in the relatively severed countries of East and West. It then deals in more detail with some important and fundamental philosophers and spiritual teachers, related scholars or artists of various disciplines, but also lesser-known personalities, based on general inputs into the deepest depths of thought of these thinkers, all in a relatively intuitive connection, because the scope of work does not allow for a more detailed continuous interpretation of such a wide range of issues. In the end, the author emphasizes, philosophically analyzes and evaluates the most pressing issues of contemporary society. The work should primarily show the Way, not lead, but it is up to the reader / researcher to decide how to approach the text. There is always "some" Enlightenment at the end.
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The Analysis of "Věda" Supplement of Lidové noviny Daily 1997-2012
Šafránek, Jakub ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Kraus, Jiří (referee)
This work offers a longitudinal analysis of the "Science" section in Lidove noviny in between years 1997-2012 as well as the theoretical background for science journalism in the Czech republic. In the theoretical part you will find discourse analysis for both of general journalism and science, which is completed with the description of science journalism which bridges the gap between the former two discourses. The analysis of science journalism and its forms in the Czech republic follows. Then the press title Lidove noviny and its "Science" section are presented. The latter part of this work concerns with the longitudinal analysis of this section, which is based on foreign studies as well as on the interview with Josef Matyas, the editor-in-chief of the "Science" section. Results of this analysis are put together with the theoretical expectations and some interesting questions for further examinations follow.
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Ecological modernization theory - facts and context. Historical perspective, conditions and limits of the neoliberal sustainability concept
Oharková, Alena ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Lapka, Miloslav (referee)
Ecological modernization theory - facts and context. Historical perspective, conditions and limits of the neoliberal sustainability koncept Annotation: This diploma thesis deals with the synthesis of ideas of ecological modernization theory, which has been developing since the 80's of the 20th century particularly in Western Europe. The ecological modernization theory wants to explain, interpret and propose environmental reforms in conjunction with continued economical growth, industrial development and globalization. The ecological modernization theory argues that a continuous industrial development does not lead inevitably to environmental degradation, but rather provides the best possible way out of the environmental crisis. Although the ecological modernization theory is a relatively young concept, during the first thirty years of its existence has greatly expanded and diversified, gained countless supporters and opponents, provoked a number of debates and inspired many empirical studies. This development, however, has led not only to new findings but also resulted in a dilution of the ecological modernization theory, which thereby has become confusing, vague and inconsistent. This thesis attempts to give a framework to the ecological modernization theory to specify not only its main ideas and goals,...
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Philosophical problems in Zdenek Neubauer`s works
Špaček, Michal ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Pelcová, Naděžda (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the possibility of cognition and roles of philosophy and science as basic forms of knowledge. It is not an analysis of Neubauer's work, but rather an interpretation of its specific parts. The work offers insights into the post-modern treatment of knowledge as it appears in the essays published in the collections Přímluvce postmoderny (An Intercessor of Postmodernity) and O Sněhurce aneb cesta za smyslem bytí a poznání (Of Snowhite, or The Quest for the Meaning of Existence and Cognition). The work describes and amends Neubauer's recognition of the world. It also shows Neubauer's perspective on the imagination, not only as a part of cognition, but also its influence on the development of human society. Besides canceling the monopoly of Science to truthful cognition, it is also guilty of making assumptions about the future, that will almost certainly prove incorrect. The most important part of the work is the question of equality between the perception of social sciences when compared to the perception of exact sciences, and while that question has not been fully answered, already just asking such questions can be useful.
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Life strategies of women in science
Novotná, Hana ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the ways of harmonization of harmonization of scientific work and care in the context of the transformation of science. The author aims to describe the transformation of the institutional aspects of scientific work and its'reflection in the biographies of women scientists. At first the author focuses on the insight into the history of science to map participation of women on the scientific inquiry and to describe the transformation of science. Afterwards she moves her focus towards the actual discourse of equal chances for men and women in science, which high lightens contradictory pressures of the standards of scientific work and motherhood that women in science must face. In the main part of the paper the results of a qualitative survey conducted by the author are presented. The author came to a conclusion that even though the gender stereotypes on men's' and women's' role in science and family are still persisting some progress towards the equality of men and women in science has been made. On the other hand the transformation of scientific work is posing new threat of insecurity of the scientific work that is grounded in the principles of free market Keywords: Science, women, transformation of science, precarity
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Changes in the concept of the child and childhood
Dluhošová, Adéla ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
This thesis examines the changes in perception of the child and the childhood from the Early Modern Age until today. Primarily, the thesis investigates the quality of life of infants and education advice concerning the first year of age. The historic part of the thesis addresses the changes in infant treatment depending on the social status of the mother. Further, the thesis discusses the possible origin of these changes in folk traditions and examines the role of authorities by reference to historical education guide books. Moreover, the thesis points out the influence of science and rationality on the infant treatment. Given the fact that there is no summarizing research available about the infant treatment in the 20th century, the thesis analyses different infant approaches using education guide books from this time period. Using data from a survey among contemporary mothers, which investigates their beliefs about infant education including the origin of these beliefs, the thesis aims to analyse the most popular guide books among the mothers. The findings from the research are used to outline problematic aspects of the present-day motherhood. Based on the comprehension of the historical connections, the thesis discusses the profound context of different contemporary education approaches....
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