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Multilingualism in "A Clockwork Orange" and its translations.
Janák, Petr ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Tichý, Ondřej (referee)
The paper explores intratextual multilingualism in A Clockwork Orange (ACO) by Anthony Burgess, and in two of its translations - into Czech and German. It analyses 180 words from Nadsat - the invented language in ACO - to reveal how lexical creativity is manifested in translation, i.e. whether and how lexical creativity that is present in the original text is changed in the translations. Changes in lexical creativity are linked to normalisation (a translation universal), and to the functions of the invented language. An existing classification of forms and functions of intratextual multilingualism is applied to invented languages and, in particular, to Nadsat. The analysis of Nadsat and its counterparts in the translations is quantitative, and is conducted using the concordancers AntConc and ParaConc. It examines the frequency of Nadsat words, their distribution throughout the text, and the way their meaning is conveyed to the reader. These data are then used in the comparison of Nadsat and the invented languages that replace it in the Czech and the German translations. The analysis shows that in both translations the number of invented lemmas is lower than in the original, and that in the German translation (UO) the number is significantly lower compared to the Czech translation (MP). In total, MP...
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Czechoslovak Communist Party in the Period of "Normalisation"
Štefek, Martin ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
The dissertation analyses the dynamics of the non-democratic Czechoslovak regime during the era of so-called "normalisation". Methodologically, this is a "heuristic case study", an inductive inquiry oriented on finding a new hypothesis, focused on theory building, not theory confirming. Conceptually, it follows a "pluralistic" framework, primarily using Skilling's typology of Soviet-type authoritarianism. The aim of this thesis is to answer the following question: "What mechanism in the Soviet-type authoritarian structure had to change to induce "pluralization" of the regime?" The dissertation is divided into three parts: First, I present a description of an intellectual context of the emergence of "pluralism" in the field of so called "Sovietology". Notably, I focus on the preconditions of the "rise and fall" of totalitarian theory. Employing the "building-block technique", I consider "consultative authoritarianism" in the GDR to formulate a preliminary hypothesis on the connection between degrees of pluralism and the way leaders of the Party exercised cadre policy. The second section, derived from archival research, primarily concentrates on exploring the changes in the nomenklatura system in 1960s and early 1970s. In the third, concluding section, I formulate new hypothesis and present an explanatory...
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JAWA factory in Týnec nad Sázavou at the time of socialist experiment - Factory, people and motorcycles at the time of so-called nationalization and economic transformation (1968 - 1995)
Bárta, Karel ; Franc, Martin (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The purpose of this disertation is to capture the era of so-called normalisation during the 1970s and 1980s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia. Even though the economic transformation in the 1990s is covered, the normalisation is in this case the primary investigated period. The main focus is on the largest producer and exporter of czechoslovak motorcycles - a company called JAWA with the main production plant located in Tynec nad Sazavou - Brodce. In addition to the motorcycle production in Tynec nad Sazavou the work looks at Czechoslovakia and its role as a power of the motorcycle sport during socialism and other aspects such as the role of motorcycles during the normalisation period in Czechoslovakia or the outline of the historical development of JAWA in the post-war years and its growth on the international scale before nationalization of the enterprise. The disertation also covers other aspects during the researched era such as the impact of the factory on the lives of the citizens and employees in the region, relations to the company and the brand JAWA or researching economical situation of the factory during the normalisation period and economical transformation. The main resources used for this work were interviews with current and previous employees of JAWA in Tynec nad Sazavou, who...
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Archive of photography of the czech television Ostrava (photography as a source of information)
Bednář, Marek ; Hrdina, Jiří (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on photography in the work of Television studio Ostrava, a part of Czechoslovak television, during a period of 1969-1989, called normalisation, the reflection of this period after the year 1989 and mainly the photography archive of said institution. It may be presumed that communist propaganda and other efforts of normalisation will be apparent in the documentaries and other products concentrating on photography. The region of Ostrava also has its own cultural specificity due to its mainly industrial nature; the region is characterised by coal mining and metallurgy. Thus it may be presumed that communism will be planted in the minds of the people more firmly. The thesis also contains a theoretical framework, describing socialist realism in photography and normalisation in photography as well as in the television studio in question. In order to verify these hypotheses and to discover other important facts of the topic in question, a content analysis of data available in the archive of Television studio Ostrava was carried out. The archive suffered grave losses during major flooding of Moravia and Silesia in 1997. However, some films and many actual photographs were still available for analysis. The findings relevant to each document are stated in their respective parts and are...
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Original Czech Drama and Contemporary Drama in 70s of 20th Century
Šiller, Jiří ; Mocná, Dagmar (advisor) ; Peterka, Josef (referee) ; Brožová, Věra (referee)
Resumé This academical work called The Original Czech Drama and Contemporary Drama in 70s of 20th century looks back at 70s as the first ten years of Normalisation. The period was restricting in the field of literature. The authors could not write freely. The regime put borders to limit their work. The original drama shows how the culture acts under pressure and without freedom. Obviously, the literature describing current times was disadvantaged opposed to the literature which describes "get away" themes. The conditions for theatres were very strict, mainly for new plays which had to be approved by the regime. There were some improvisation but the reaction of the audience was not easy to predict. In this decade the authors pretend to believe in the ideas of Socialism. They write about the advantages socialistic development. Only in this were the authors were guaranteed that their work is going to be published and performed. This is the difference between 50s of 20th century, when the authors really believed in rightness of the socialistic development. Nevertheless, their beliefs were slowly broken and their private lives strongly influenced. The general concept of undistinguished greyness which means the official work of Normalisation period was opposed to work of some authors. These work were variable,...
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Reviews of czechoslovak TV series in the weekly Tvorba during the 1970's
Hliňáková, Kristýna ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Dominik, Šimon (referee)
This diploma thesis primarily deals with the reviews of Czechoslovak television series in the weekly print Tvorba, central press organ of Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in the normalisation period of 70's and 80's. In the second place, it also deals with other relevant articles that are somehow related to the television series issues in general. Additionally, it pays attention to formal aspects of the reviews studied in the thesis (language specifics, form, space and development of the television reviews section etc.) The thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part brings information about the cultural-political weekly print Tvorba, it outlines social and historical context of the period traditionally called normalisation and last but not least gives theoretical background about the phenomenon of Czechoslovak television series. The analytical part works directly with the reviews found and also other relevant articles from Tvorba. On the basis of these particular reviews and articles, the main aim is to describe ideas and opinions of cultural editors and reviewers on the form, art rendering and role of television series as a specific genre of television production and, at the same time, to bring an overview of what aspects were on the reviewed series...
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The Politics of Interpretation. Rhetoric, Discursive and Textual Games in Literary Criticism in the Era of the So-Called Normalisation
Andreas, Petr ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Bauer, Michal (referee) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
Bibliografický záznam ANDREAS, Petr. Politika interpretace. Rétorické, diskursivní a textové hry v normalizační literární kritice. Univerzita Karlova, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav české literatury a komparatistiky, 2014. Vedoucí disertační práce: prof. Petr A. Bílek, CSc. Anotace Tématem této disertace je politika interpretace v normalizační literární kritice a publicistice (1968-1989). Práce kategorizuje a analyzuje diskursivní, rétorické a textové strategie, které používali literární kritici a publicisté (a jednotlivé profesní a názorové skupiny) publikující v oficiálním publikačním prostoru. Metodologicky vychází z konceptu politiky interpretace podle P. C. Hogana, rozvinutého o teorii jednání a teorii řečových aktů. V první, teoreticko-metodologické části (kapitoly II-IV) je představen a rozvíjen pojem politiky interpretace a analyzovány metodologické problémy interpretace literárněkritických a publicistických textů z normalizační éry. V druhé, analytické a interpretační části (kapitoly V-VII) jsou rozlišeny tři roviny politiky interpretace podle umístění ve struktuře kritického aktu a identifikovány kategorie rétorických, diskursivních a textových strategií. V třetí, závěrečné části (kapitola VIII) je zobecněno a syntetizováno poznání o podobě a fungování kritického aktu v normalizační éře. Annotation...
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Archive of photography of the czech television Ostrava (photography as a source of information)
Bednář, Marek ; Hrdina, Jiří (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on the topic of photography in the work of Television studio Ostrava, a part of Czechoslovak television, during a period of the communist regime, called normalisation, and the reflection of this period after the year 1989. It may be presumed that communist propaganda and other efforts of normalisation will be apparent in the documentaries and other products concentrating on photography. The region of Ostrava also has its own cultural specificity due to its mainly industrial nature; the region is characterised by coal mining and metallurgy. Thus it may be presumed that communism will be planted in the minds of the people more firmly. The thesis also contains a theoretical framework, describing socialist realism in photography and normalisation in photography as well as in the television studio in question. In order to verify these hypotheses and to discover other important facts of the topic in question, a content analysis of data available in the archive of Television studio Ostrava was carried out. The archive suffered grave losses during major flooding of Moravia and Silesia in 1997, some films and actual photographs were however still available for analysis. The findings relevant to each document are stated in their respective parts and are summarised as a whole in the...
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Media image of the rock music in the Czechoslovak print media in the period of normalisation
Husák, Martin ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The rigorosum thesis "Media image of the rock music in Czechoslovak print media in the period of normalisation" outlines the basic characteristics and features of the media's coverage of rock music from 1969 to 1989, relating to factors which shaped common music journalism standards both for official publications as well as the unofficial area of 'samizdat' magazine production. The aim of this research focuses on the role of rock music in Czechoslovak sociological and cultural development as well as on the censorship systems that undermined the qualitative values and principles of music journalism as a whole. On one hand, information for this thesis has been gained through oral historical accounts, on the other hand other methodical elements have been utilised to fulfill the defined goals in a more comprehensive way, i.e. by analysing descriptive and comparative perspectives, using samples from relevant periodicals. At the conclusion, the findings are supported by an analysis and interpretation of selected cultural and music events. They are divided according to the type and extent of media coverage received by official and samizdat periodicals.
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The Personalities of the journalists - seniors in Prague
Nováková, Denisa ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Wolák, Radim (referee)
The thesis The Personalities of the journalists - seniors in Prague intends to cover several subjects. It does not relate to present activities and opinions of the journalists - seniors only. In the first part the thesis focuses on description of the living standards of journalists at the times of so-called period of normalisation, when todays journalists - seniors were economically active. The main emphasis of the description is on the role of the Czechoslovak Union of Journalists. The thesis describes individual segments that union has affected its members through and where it provided benefits and support (abroad recreation, recreation, spa treatment, assistance in solving residential state, language courses). Materials from the Syndicate of Journalists Archive fund are used as the main source of knowledge. The essence of the second part of the thesis are standardized interviews with particular journalists - seniors. The evaluation of their answers complements the findings from the first part and adds some more findings from journalists everydayness in 70s and 80s and the role of the Czechoslovak Union of Journalists in relation to its members. Moreover it brings opinions of the respondents on the situation in media after year 1989 a their comparisons of the journalism in the pre-1989 era and now. Futher...
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