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The gender aspects of homelessness
Stuiberová, Vendula ; Kaňák, Jan (advisor) ; Stretti, Sylvie (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled "The gender aspects of homelessness" is about men and women without their home. The bachelor thesis is focused on the difference of perception of women and men without their home regarding their situation. The theoretical part deals with the issue of the homelessness, history, division, gender aspects. The thesis explains the concept of gender, social congnition, gender stereotypes in the society and in homelessness. The aim of the research is to answer the research question "How homeless women and homeless men perceive their situation given their gender? " Key words Homelessness, gender, stereotypes, person without shelter, social cognition, gender difference
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Pragmatic analysis of profiles on internet dating services
Široká, Pavlína ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
This thesis deals with a pragmatic analysis of profiles of online dating service in Czech Republic. The main objective of this work is to interpret a form of profile presentation on an online dating site. The profiles are interpreted in terms of communication situation, of communication strategies, of the differences between male and female profiles and of the differences between different age profiles. Interpretation of the data is based on stylistic and pragmatic analysis of individual profiles of online dating service and on the percentage of relevant data. The theoretical part of the thesis defines research of the online dating services, existing theories and research of internet environment concerning the foundation of internet dating services, gender stereotypes in online dating, self-presentation online and choosing a partner. The theoretical part consists also of a summary of my own brief survey about people's attitudes to online dating services. The theoretical part of the thesis defines also the pragmatic exploration which constitutes the basis of pragmatic analysis. The basis of practical part of the thesis is stylistic analysis of the text parts of profiles and pragmatic analysis of text and visual part of profiles and the comparison of the percentage of relevant data. Results of the...
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On the Nature of Gender Differences in Attitudes to Risk
Sýkora, Zdeněk ; Cingl, Lubomír (advisor) ; Troch, Tomáš (referee)
Despite a number of studies demonstrating that women are more risk averse than men, this strong consensus has recently been questioned. In this thesis we discuss what may be the reason for such contradicting outcomes. Firstly, we describe the most common elicitation methods and compare them from the perspective of reporting gender differences in risk attitudes. We also summarize current literature in the topic. Then we describe a design and analyze original dataset from a survey experiment conducted with university students, mainly investigating responses to a general risk question. We examine the role of variables that are different between genders and can explain risk preferences to see whether the gender difference is robust. We further focus on different dimensions of risk: we ask about risk taking in driving, financial, sports, career, and health domains. Our findings show that the gender differences in risk preferences are significant, ubiquitous, and can be detected by a simple survey measure, even after controlling for additional characteristics that are known to play role in attitudes to risk and differ between men and women. This applies for all studied domains except for the health one.
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Mother - drug user as client of OSPOD
Šubrtová, Eliška ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Preslová, Ilona (referee)
Background: This thesis is based on the increasing number of mothers (using addictive substances), which are appearing in social services, particularly in the Authority For Social And Legal Protection Of Children Specificity of mothers using addictive substances requires a special approach by addictology services. It begs a question, whether such specifics as to meet workers of ASPLC in cooperation with these mothers. The aim of this thesis is to describe the specifics of the work ASPLC with these mothers. Other aims are to determine how the cooperation between the two sides takes place, whether and which problems can occure in cooperation with these mothers and describe the procedure for the removing of children of these mothers and the possible impact of abusing ilegal substances on the need for the children removing. Methodology: Respondents for the research were selected using the purposive sampling method. The research sample consisted 11 workers of ASPLC and three mothers using addictive substances). Data were obtained by using of a semi-structured interview. Data were prepared for the analysis by transcription and coding, for which I used elements of the cluster method. Results: Research confirms the increasing number of mothers which use addictive substances authorities in the service of...
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Idolization in The School Age (Pop-Pantheon)
Ryba, Zdeněk ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Klusák, Miroslav (referee)
Title: Idolization In The School Age (Pop-Pantheon) Author: Zdeněk Ryba Department: Department of Psychology Supervizor: doc. PhDr. Miloš Kučera, CSc. The main theme of this thesis is basic-school-age children choice of idols. The work is a part of Miloš Kučera research at Faculty of Education UK and it follows up the Mikšíček (1999) and Kravcová (2008) conclusions in their diploma thesis and short Kučera's contribution. The goal of this thesis is to make a database of idols and to create models of categorization. Three models of categorization are searching for developmental and gender metamorphosis of children preferences. The idolization is embedded in Freud late theory of psychical development. The theoretical framework is made in the base of synthesis of previous authors conclusions, which are revised in empirical part. The basic and special types of attachment to idols are presented in the empirical part of thesis. The main method is qualitative evaluation of data in the base of emergence principle, it means the method of common features concentration to categories, which are quantified and processed by the statistic. The conclusion brings the main characteristic of boy and girl idolization.
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Dream Content Analysis in Czech Female Students
Šubrt, Miroslav ; Hrubý, Radovan (advisor) ; Doubek, David (referee)
The thesis overviews a variety of approaches to understanding of dreams, covering the historical perspectives as well as the perspectives of modern psychologists and psychological schools. It presents information on quantitative analysis of dream content and possibilities of the use of statistical methods in dream research. It introduces the results of the research into the dream content in 100 Czech female psychology students, using the method developed by Hall and Van de Castle. The comparison of these results with a similar group of US female students revealed several differences: The Czech students reported slightly more Aggresion/Friendliness Percent, significantly more unknown environments and moderately more dreams containing aggression and efforts. Compliance with the American sample was shown mainly by percentages regarding the type of characters, negative emotions ratio and the percentage of physical aggression compared to non-physical. Correlation analysis applied to data revealed a moderate relationship between variables suggesting possible explanations of dream content. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Math self-efficacy of children at primary school
Vozková, Anna ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Pavelková, Isabella (referee)
Self-efficacy significantly influences human functioning. It is not only individual's belief about his capabilities but also what he thinks he can achieve with them. This bachelor's theses is concerned with a specific domain of self-efficacy in mathematics and also with variables related to mathematics. The theoretical part summarizes a basic theoretical background of self-efficacy with an emphasis on the self- efficacy concept from Albert Bandura. Other parts involve topics such as academic self-efficacy, mathematical self-efficacy and gender differences in mathematical performance and attitude toward mathematics. The empirical part describes the realized research. Its goal was to find out the measure of self-efficacy of children in four grade of elementary school. The research was also focused on a relationship between self-efficacy and other variables (performance in mathematics, grades in mathematics, identification with mathematics) and concerned with a question whether there are any gender differences in math self-efficacy and in those other variables. Methods used in this research were two kinds of questionnaires and a mathematical test. Results of this research suggest that there are no gender differences in mathematical self-efficacy, neither in other variables. On the other hand, there were some...
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Gender and social cognition
Schneiderová, Magdalena ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to present a comprehensive overview of current knowledge in the field of gender research and social cognition as well as to contribute with results of my own research. The biggest emphasis of the theoretical part lies on stereotypes and gender differences in personality characteristics, topics that are closely related to the research part of this paper. The empirical part answers the question whether information about the sex of a person has impact on how we assess this person's personality. After reading a short biography of a fictitious person, respondents described this person on 30 items of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1974). Results showed that respondents rated some characteristics differently for the male figure than the woman figure. Respondents of both sexes perceived the described man as significantly less Forceful and less Defending his own believes than the described woman. Although not always significantly, all 10 items satiating the BSRI masculinity score showed the same tendency to evaluate the figure of the man as less masculine than the figure of the woman. Part of the Discussion is dedicated to possible interpretations of these results. To obtain a deeper understanding, further research is required.
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Gender differences in competitiveness and confidence: comparison of children from India and the Czech Republic
Pfeffer, Karel ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Cingl, Lubomír (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS Gender differences in competitiveness and confidence: comparison of children from India and the Czech Republic Karel Pfeffer 2014 Abstract Recent studies suggested gender differences in competitiveness, under- and overconfidence to be the possible causes of gender inequalities in labour market. The motivation of my study is to enrich and extend current findings in this field and contribute to behavioral economics studies. Studying children from India and the Czech Republic is one of the possible ways how to achieve this. My experimental research reveals some interesting results. Children from the Czech Republic are, on average, more competitive than children from India. Boys and girls from each country refer to increase theirs competitive behavior with age. Regarding to under- and overconfidence, children from India tend to believe in their performance more than children from the Czech Republic. These results suggest that there are differences in competitiveness, under- and overconfidence among children from two heterogeneous samples induced by different social and economic environments.
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Gender Differences in Selected Works of Ernest Hemingway
Čížková, Markéta ; Veselá, Pavla (advisor) ; Ulmanová, Hana (referee)
During his life, Ernest Hemingway was not only surrounded by many ambitious women but he also witnessed the change in women's social positions in society. It is observable in his works that Hemingway's own experiences with gender issues affected his life and his literary output as well. Thus this thesis focuses on the issue of gender differences in selected novels of Ernest Hemingway. Its aim is to describe and analyze the author's characterization of his male heroes and their female counterparts in the following novels: A Farewell to Arms, The Sun Also Rises and For Whom the Bell Tolls. Even though it might seem that Hemingway's heroes are generally known for being very "masculine" types, they are often, as the thesis argues, under the influence of female characters. Moreover, although it might seem that women are not important for Hemingway's stories due to the fact that his heroes are depicted as strong and independent men who do not need women, it is the other way around since women's presence provides the reader with an ability to see the emotional side of the heroes. Thus an analysis of the individual relationships and their impact on the characters' development is another important part of this thesis. Moreover, Hemingway's works are always connected with his personal experiences and thus...
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