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Impact of Universal Basic Income on Income and Poverty in Italy: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Using HFCS Data in EUROMOD
Petrus, Tomáš ; Kolář, Daniel (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Mikrosimulace základního nepodmíněného příjmu v EUROMOD přisprívají probíhající diskusi o sociálních důsledcích a rozpočtové proveditelnosti této politiky. Evropská HFCS data použitá v této práci umožňují zdanění majetku jako způsob financování, aby byl základní nepodmíněný příjem rozpočtově neutrální. Tato práce zkoumá vliv tří unikátních scénářů na redistribuci příjmů a míru ohrožení chudobou na různé části italské populace. Rozmanitost italských regionů a boj s veřejným dluhem mohou vážně ohrozit proveditelnost scénářů v reálném světě. Výsledky práce následují trend radikálního snižování celkové chudoby a nerovnosti pozorovaný v této oblasti výzkumu. Tyto scénáře, spolu s pevnou daní z majetku, mají nepříznivé dopady na starší věkové skupiny, které se spoléhají na starobní důchody. Systém sociálních dávek má ve scénářích různé úrovně náhraditelnosti, které významně ovlivňují dopad na ohrožené skupiny. Práce nastoluje potenciální zmírnění nežádoucích účinků, které lze analyzovat v dalším výzkumu. Mikrosimulace postrádá behaviorální dopad základního nepodmíněného příjmu na jednotlivce, který je zachycen v provedených studiích v Evropě a Severní Americe.
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Aspects of promoting well-being in primary school with focus on exceptionally gifted students
Boučková, Barbora ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
This thesis focuses on the wellbeing of students in education. Specifically, it concerns pupils of two parallel classes attending a primary school with a specific organization of education for exceptionally gifted pupils. The aim of the paper is to capture the pupil`s subjective feelings in relation to aspects of the school environment that have been implemented to promote pupil`s wellbeing. The first part of the thesis includes a theoretical background that summarizes the knowledge on the issue of wellbeing. It focuses on the aspects that may influence wellbeing in education, taking into account the teaching of exceptionally gifted pupils. The second part of the thesis contains a description and results of the actual research investigation, which was conducted in two stages. The first stage of the research investigation used a quantitative method of data collection through a questionnaire, the respondents were pupils in two parallel classes at a selected primary school. Based on the analysis of the results of the first stage of the research survey, the basis for the questions for the second stage of the research survey was created. This was carried out using a qualitative method through interviews with pupil`s class teachers. The research investigation revealed that some of the measures that were...
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Impact of COVID-19 on mental and social well-being: comparison between czech and ghanian university students
Svobodová, Natálie
This thesis aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on college students and their mental and social well-being. Specifically, its primary objective is to determine the impact of COVID-19 and how the pandemic and its restrictions influenced students' mental and social well-being in the Czech Republic and Ghana. In addition, these two populations are respectfully compared in terms of their differences. The thesis provides a comprehensive theoretical background. According to a literature review, the theoretical part discusses relevant subjects such as COVID-19, its development in examined countries, students' mental health and its determinants, or online education within examined countries during the pandemic. Additionally, the methodology and empirical data are presented. The empirical part largely consists of data analysis, including qualitative and quantitative data. In conclusion, the key findings of the study are summarized and interpreted. According to the findings, COVID-19 posed significant challenges for Ghanaian and Czech students, negatively impacting their well-being. The study determined that the pandemic negatively impacted various health, social, economic, academic, psychological, or lifestyle-related aspects. Depending on the research group, the variables were either compatible or not. Ghanaian students experienced more adverse outcomes in the areas of financial stability, academic achievement, and lifestyle. In contrast, we observed a more decisive influence in the areas of social and concentration negatives with Mendel students.
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Coping of Stress and Life Events in Connection with Sense of Humor and Psychological Well-being
Fodorová, Dagmara ; Výrost, Jozef (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis mainly deals with the definition of humor, sense of humor, stress, life events and personal well-being and at the same time presents an overview of the basic theories related to these topics. The aim of the work is to look for individual links between mentioned topics. Primarily tries to highlight the positive impact of a sense of humor for coping with stress and life events. The research seeks to show a sense of humor as one of the coping strategies. The research seeks is based on processing the conclusions brought about a qualitative probe, based on in-depth interviews on a sense of humor and its connections with another variables. Qualitative analysis of verbal material suggests a sense of humor in connection with personal well-being and presents a sense of humor as one of the coping strategies of stress and life events. . Keywords: humour, sense of humour, well-being, stress, life events, coping strategies
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Sensation seeking tendency and its relationship to well-being
Šuk, Oleg ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
In the first part, diploma thesis presents theoretical background of well-being and sensation seeking tendency concepts. By analysing available resources in Czech and foreign literature it presents current theoretical understanding of these concepts and discusses their relationship to other psyche phenomena. In the empirical part, research hypotheses about existence of the relationship between well-being represented by SWLS questionnaire (Satisfaction With Life Scale; Diener et al., 1985) and sensation seeking tendency represented by SSS V scale (Sensation Seeking Scale V; Zuckerman, 1979) are examined. As support, Ten-item personality inventory TIPI (Gosling et al., 2003) is used. Two groups of respondents participated in the study: Czech (N = 137) and Slovak (N = 181) which were considered one sample (N = 318). Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analysis showed negligible significant relationship (r = 0,12; p < 0,05) between sub-scale Experience Seeking (ES) and SWLS. However, EC score did not predict SWLS variance. Overall, study failed to accept hypothesis of existence of the relationship between SWLS and SSS V and hypothesis of mutual independence was accepted. Furthermore, the thesis deals with closer analysis of the results and personality predictors of SWLS. Keywords:...
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By what is humor as a psychological phenomen interesting?
Povalová, Martina ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of humor as a psychological phenomen with emphasis on interesting relationships and phenomens. Its theoretical part brings a review of general information about humor and its connections. First of all it focuses on definiton, process and forms of humor. It mentions the basic theories of humor, brief history and research of humor in psychology. The work also refers to humor from the view of psychopatology and as a possible psychodiagnostic instrument. It brings the occasions for using humor in psyhotherapy, mental health and humor skills program. The thesis focuses on effects of humor on mental health. The practical part offer the proposal about the effects of humor skills program on well-being and sense of humor.
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Significant factors of quality of working life in terms of management in the nonprofit sector
Jenšovská, Lucie ; Kirovová, Iva (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of quality of work life (QWL), namely the important factors of QWL in terms of the management of non-governmental organizations (NGO). Perception of QWL has a positive effect on job satisfaction, personal well-being and job performance (its productivity and quality). The aim of this mapping study is to determine the important factors of QWL from the subjective perspective. Expert semistructured interviews were used for this purpose. The results indicate that the identified factors are identical with QWL mentioned by individual authors and institutions. The following factors were identified: absence of stress, interpersonal relationships in the workplace, support from the organization, evaluation of work, working environment. The positively evaluated factors include good relations in the workplace, need and utility of service, and self-actualization. The problematic working factors are financial conditions, obligations arising from the legislative framework, uncertainty about the sustainability of services, view of society and the low level of spatial facilities. The findings might become a contribution for organizations providing social services, be useful in easier implementation and support QWL factors, feelings of well-being at work, for selection of employees,...
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Hearing impairment and fatigue in everyday life
Kučerová, Kamila ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Bartoňová, Miroslava (referee)
The thesis is focused on the relationship between hearing impairment and fatigue in everyday life. The theoretical part first introduces the topic of hearing impairment and fatigue separately, and then connects these two aspects and introduces current knowledge and studies that deal with the issue of fatigue in people with hearing impairment. The theoretical findings are followed by a practical section describing research that aims to analyse and reflect on the impact of hearing impairment on everyday fatigue in people with hearing impairment. To achieve this aim, a qualitative research design inspired by the international research of Holman et al. (2019) was used - in this respect, despite various limitations based primarily on the thesis's specifics, we attempted to replicate the international research. Our research consisted of conducting six semi-structured interviews (n = 6) with adult individuals with varying degrees of hearing loss. All interviews were subsequently analysed using thematic analysis. The results of the research bring several findings - perceived everyday fatigue related to hearing loss is a highly individual matter and manifests itself in most (but not all) respondents to varying degrees. Hearing impairment-related fatigue can result from increased hearing effort or exposure...
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Well-being of university pedagogues in workplaces related to social relationships and communication
Hnízdilová, Kristýna ; Kočí, Jana (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (referee)
The diploma thesis on the topic of Well-being of university teachers in the working environment from the point of view of social relations and communication deals with occupational well- being in the field of social relations and communication. The theoretical part of the work defines the concept of well-being, explains its effect on health, connections with social relations and communication, and provides an overview of the specifics of occupational well-being in the university environment. The practical part is devoted to the research, which was aimed at university teachers of the Department of Multimedia at the Faculty of Informatics and Statistics of the University of Economics in Prague. Its aim was to find out what the occupational well- being of these teachers is in terms of social relations and communication in the workplace. This is because it is a specific department where pedagogic and commercial activities are linked, so it was expected that this phenomenon would be reflected in workplace relationships and the attitude towards them, as well as occupational well-being. The research was carried out in the form of a questionnaire filled out by teachers of the department and was supplemented by an interview with the head of the department. The results were generally positive and showed that...
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