|
|
The Naturalization of Consciousness and the Meaning of Subjectivity
Toráčová, Pavla ; Moural, Josef (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee) ; Marvan, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the problem of the existence of consciousness in the physical world. It denies the approach that is prevailing in the contemporary philosophy of mind that treats the phenomenal consciousness and intentionality separately. The position held in this thesis is to claim that the phenomenal character of consciousness and intentionality are inseparable and that it is impossible to understand the former without understanding the latter, and vice versa. The problem of the existence of consciousness in the physical world is viewed as the problem of the existence of (conscious) intentionality in the physical world. With the aim to achieve an analysis of intentionality that would keep its phenomenal character and the first person point of view, and, at the same time, shed light on its realization in the physical world, thoughts of Peter Strawson, G. E. M. Anscombe, Tim Crane, Colin McGinn and John Searle are discussed. The result is an outline of intentionality that allows to explain the fundamental level of intentionality as a physical process and the higher levels of intentionality as a development of the fundamental level. Two principles are crucial for this approach: the development of intentionality from the fundamental level to the higher level is comprehensible only if we keep the...
|
|
|
The Media Portrayl of Czech attendance at International Exhibition in Montreal 1967 in contemporary press
Dražilová, Veronika ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Sládková, Hana (referee)
Master diploma thesis "The Media Portrayal of Czechoslovak attendance at International Exhibition in Montreal 1967 in contemporary press" intends to show media picture of Czechoslovak attendance at Expo 1967, through the use of analysis of selected daily press and social and cultural journals. It sets Czechoslovak attendance into political, cultural, ideological and media context and outline history and development of International Exhibition. Thesis also introduces Montreal exhibition and present information about attendance of Czechoslovakia. On this foundations arise the second part of the thesis, which propounds the media picture of this event in selected contemporary press and using analysis of self-mindedness that refers to rate of statement of facts and objectivity. Selected press and journals were monitored for a period of eight months and by researching there was considered form o reporting, ideological affection and general focus of selected press about this event. Important considered elements were also influence of freeing atmosphere of second half of sixties and fact, that exhibition took place in capitalistic state. Outcome of all these circumstances is media picture of this event, which is shown in conclusion of thesis.
|
|
|
U.S. media before the Iraq invasion. Quantitative analysis of newspaper articles with respect to balance of sources
Navrátilová, Kristýna ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The role of the media before and during the Iraq war in 2003 in the United States still resonates topic. Journalists are often criticized for failing to fulfill their roles and violations of journalistic standards. This thesis deals with the balance of articles in two national newspapers, The New York Times and The Washington Post, in the period before the invasion of Iraq, specifically from the August 2002 until the invasion on March 19, 2003. The thesis is a quantitative content analysis of the articles from the front pages of these newspapers. The main hypothesis of the research is that, according to criticism that the media received, there should be more sources supportive of the administration of George W. Bush and almost no opposition. The thesis examines, whether journalists followed the norm of balance of sources, or whether is the criticism justified. The result is, that despite the lack of opposition on the domestic political scene, journalist found the opposition sources abroad. Reporting of these two newspapers were, in terms of used sources, balanced.
|
|
|
Comparing of media image of Topolánek,Fischer and Nečas government in periodical Týden
Jelínková, Milena ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis deals with a compare of media image of Topolanek, Fischer and Necas government in periodical Tyden. I took two aims - first, to find out if any opinion inclination or political orientation is expressed in articles about Czech governments published in the periodical Tyden, second, to compare media image of all three governments among themselves and to trace potential differences. The theoretical section focuses on objectivity and bias, construction and representation. Substantial part of the theory is comprised of specific political communication and mediatisation together with trends in this field recognized in last decades. The empirical section is composed by quantitative analysis that compares representative articles and it is added by an content analysis of front pages of the periodical Tyden. Regardless of a fact, that the Jan Fischer government was very popular in public, the media picture of this particular government is rather negative comparing others. On the contrary there were found specific features showing that the Mirek Topolanek government was pictured more substantially. In generally the periodical Tyden uses negativity and stereotypes in articles about governments but in no case this is a predominant procedure of media products construct. The media picture of last three...
|
|
|
Frege and Husserl on Objectivity
Jankovská, Lenka ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beran, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with early works of significant logi- cians and philosophers Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl at the turn of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. Most importantly, it deals with their solution of the objectivity of arithmetic and the objectivity itself. At first they both started in the same direction and they har- shly rejected psychologism. They also introduced similar differentiation of sense and reference. According to Frege, the reference of a sentence is a truth value, however, according to Husserl, it is a state of affairs. The sense is the way of referring to an object, also called intentionality. The sense in a sentence is a thought according to Frege and it is a noema according to Husserl. They both put emphasis on objectivity of number but they gradually went in different direction. Frege identified number with extension of concept, however, this subsequently let his system to dispute. Husserl derived number by abstraction, which exposed him to Frege's harsh criticism. Key words Frege, Husserl, objectivity, logic
|
|
|
The Function of Speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty
Puc, Jan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee) ; Janoušek, Hynek (referee)
The Function of Speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty The submitted doctoral thesis is an attempt to describe the development of the intentional function of speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty. The intentional function is defined as the change of expressed meaning that is engendered by the expression itself. We trace Husserl's position from the Logical Investigations and the first book of his Ideas pertaining to a pure phenomenology and to a phenomenological philosophy, where he describes speech as the non- productive mirroring of other kinds of intentionality, to the late text The Origin of Geometry, where he discerns two functions of speech: it provides thought its ideality, which is different from the ideality of species; and it provides thought its objectivity, i.e. the form of object that lasts in history as identical. In The Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty adopts Husserl's late position with several profound modifications. The starting-point ceases to be the linguistic sign, and speech becomes a kind of gesture. As a consequence, the difference between linguistic and non-linguistic ideality disappears. Furthermore, Merleau-Ponty holds that the expression accomplishes the meaning of what it expresses. In this way, speech becomes creative and ceases to be just an empty intention of...
|
|
|
Riot photography in the context of the Czech environment after the year of 1989
Mňuková, Dominika ; Láb, Filip (advisor) ; Turek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis explores various aspects of riot photography in the context of the Czech environment after the year of the 1989, with focus on the far left. First, it introduces the subjects of protests, new radical activism as well as describes the role of photography in protests. It deals with the role of the media in protests and linked with that topic, it also describes informing about protests, concept of moral panic and the media's ability to form meaning. Furthermore, it deals with iconic photographs, the issue of objectivity, emotional side of riot photography and photojournalistic ethics. In addition to that, it clarifies what extremism really is, it defines the far left, and it maps the history of the far left in the Czech Republic after the year of 1989 on a selected groups, especially anarchists. In the context of the far left it also describes the biggest riots in the Czech Republic. Portraits of four Czech photographers - Jaroslav Kučera, Karel Tůma, Karel Cudlín and Petr Vrabec, follow. In the final part it examines aspects of protest photography by interviewing selected photographers, and through analysis of their photographs it analyzes styles of shooting protests and it reveals a potential imaging stereotypes.
|
|
|
Reliability of evaluation in selected technical subjects
Konvičková, Hana ; Tvrzová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kasíková, Hana (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Annotation In the theoretical part of my bachelor thesis I deal with the definitions of school evaluation, conception of the current evaluation, types of evaluation, characteristics of evaluation, specifications of the secondary technical school evaluation, as well as the assessment in specialised subjects and reliability of the assessment as the condition of the objective evaluation. The empirical part deals with the level of reliability in the assessment of a set task in the subject - Commercial - Law Correspondence. The written and oral communication and written and electronic communication. The teachers of this subject, at three secondary technical schools in Prague 1, 4 and 9, were asked to give students a specific task and assess it according set criteria. One of the assessors was the teacher of the subject and I was the second one. The reliability was defined as the identity rate of the independent assessment of the same school tasks carried out by two assessors. In the summary I reflect the contribution and drawbacks of the research and the task assessment done by the other teachers and my own assessment. I try to suggest the steps for following the basic rules of criteria in business letters.
|
|
| |
|
|
The limits of Czech journalism in covering the conflict in the Holy land demonstrated on the operation Cast Lead
Jurečková, Anna ; Marjanovič, Teodor (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled Limits of Czech Journalism in Covering the Conflict in the Holy Land, demonstrated on Operation Cast Lead deals primarily with the issue of the objectivity of Czech journalists and other issues that are connected with war repporting. These limits are shown on a particular conflict - the Gaza wars at the turn of 2008 and 2009, also known as Operation Cast Lead. The first, theoretical part, deals with the characteristics and specifics of the war news and some ethical principles. It further defines the role of the Czech Republic in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and in the last part deals with the history and present of disputes in the Holy Land. In the practical part, it is first described how the methodological procedure was used to fulfill the stated goal. The limits of Czech journalism are illustrated and examined in the case of two Czech journalists who worked as rapporteurs in the Middle East, Jakub Szántó and Břetislav Tureček. The research includes interviews with both and their interpretations and a qualitative analysis of journalists' contributions to the media during Operation Cast Lead, which is finally summed up.
|
guest ::
