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Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors
Kaprálová, Klára ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT This dissertation is focused on Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors, which emigrated after year 1948: Egon Hostovský, Zdeněk Němeček and Jiří Kovtun. The picture of Prague, which we can (re)construct from their works, is different in each case. In the novel Nezvěstný of Egon Hostovský dominate followings motives: gray, weak contours, theatricality, panoptic and a metaphorical description of February Prague. The main features of the works of Zdeněk Nemeček are: close relationship between teller and main character, short dialogs, view from above, sad feelings and feeling of separation. Konvtun's work named Pražská ekloga is specific with irony (it is evidently a product of considerable time span from the other described events), naturalistic features and war atmosphere. The authors associate a considerable relationship to Prague and their contributions to the programme "Slovo a svět" of the Radio Free Europe, in spite of their different life stories and poetics. The main theoretic result of the diploma is city poetology of Daniela Hodrová ("Citlivé město"). Interpretive interest isn't limited only to the mentioned literary works, in the diploma are also considered data from the periodic newspapers and other professional literature. The objective of the...
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The transformation of the territorial structure of foreign trade of Czechoslovakia in the years 1945-1953, with a focus on the Soviet Union
Seifert, Lukáš ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
The thesis maps the change in the territorial structure of Czechoslovak foreign trade in 1945-1953. The aim of the study is verification of the hypothesis that allows for direct foreign trade policy constraints on political events. In other words, as the gradual political integration of Czechoslovakia into the Soviet bloc touched territorial structure of foreign trade. The text examines the changing trend in foreign trade, which has been shown by growth of the share of the USSR at the expense of the capitalist states, and addresses the question of whether and how much the Soviet Union could replace the liberal market economy. The work contributes to the knowledge of the functioning of the post-war period with foreign exchange trading and describes the influence of foreign trade by the disproportionately greater economic and political entity.
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The District Action Committee of the National Front in Ostrava and Its Activities in the First Months after February 1948
Mentlík, Petr ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with circumstances around the emergence of the District Action Committee of the National Front in Ostrava in February 1948 and its functioning in the first months after the Czechoslovakian Communist Party takeover. After brief information on the origin of Action Committees generally, their types and their agenda and analysis of then current legislation that gradually reflected their activities, the attention is paid to specific circumstances and events in the Ostrava District. The setup of District Action Committee is described along with its structure and agenda that was followed. The thesis also deals with activity of certain commissions of the District Action Committee, with main focus on the Sokol commission that has been best documented. The thesis also briefly mentions the role of the District Action Committee in suppression and distraction of political opposition of non- communist parties. With respect to the fact that these particular topics, with a few exceptions, have not been addressed in complex and in more details in literature, the thesis is mostly based on the primary research of archive sources identified in the funds of the Municipal Archive of Ostrava. In many respects, these archive sources are incomplete and fragmentary, and some partial agendas of...
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Oldrich John - rise and fall of a politician
Pácl, Bohumil ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with Oldřich John, the first chairman od The National Assembly of the Czechoslovakian republic after February 1948, as the top representative of social democracy who participated in mergering the social democracy and Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and therefore in development of totalitarian regime, which led into his political descent, also with careluf contribution of State Security. Author of the thesis establishes the key theory, that such a man, who is due to his talent, abilities and ambitions predestined to become a politician, in fact made great contribution to the victory od non-democracy regime, so this newborn regime could bring him down just for being homo politicus. The development of John's political career, evolution of his personal characteristic, qualities, ways and means of communication is described down to available sources, including eyewitness to his acting, authentic records, media resources, and also by personal profile analysis of politically active person brought by science books. On the basis of results of this thesis we may come to the conclusion about political elite's responsibility in the context of political turns in February 1948.
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Periodical press in Kutná Hora region during the period 1918-1948
Pražáková, Hana ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
The master thesis Periodical Press in the Kutná Hora Region during the period 1918 - 1948 focuses on the changes of the structure of periodical press in the Kutná Hora region in the specified time range. First, the definition of the Kutná Hora region with its demographic and geographic characteristics is provided. As the structure of the periodical press in the Kutná Hora region during the era of the First Republic was based on the situation before the First World War, the landscape of the media of the Kutná Hora region before 1918 is described. Kutná Hora region had been already rich in periodical press of political parties as well as the press of non-political organizations in that time and the same situation applies also for the interwar period. After the Munich agreement until the beginning of the occupation of Czechoslovakia the structure of the political press was changing at first and finally all the periodicals of political parties ceased to exist. By the march 1943, also the press of the non-political organization disappeared. In 1945 the richness of the prewar periodical press situation was not renewed. Most of the political parties shifted their weekly newspapers away from the Kutná Hora region and the non-political organizations were not allowed to publish their magazine due to the lack of...
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Journalist and politician Hubert Ripka
Pavlát, David ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee)
During the first republic, Hubert Ripka (1895-1958) was one of the most active democratic orientated journalists and closest colleagues of minister of foreign affairs and later president Edvard Beneš. His political and journalist beginnings are connected with national democratic group Mladá generace. What was crucial for Ripka's career was the split between left and right wings of Mladá generace in 1920, when he - after the victory of the right wing - withdrew. Antonín Pešl brought him to the Národní osvobození, which was associated with Československá obec legionářská and politics of Hrad. In the area of foreign policy he focused above all on monitoring political and cultural life in Jugoslavia, he became a secretary of Československo-jihoslovanská liga, member of Slovanský ústav, he contributed to the Jugoslavian periodicals and to the renovated Slovanský přehled. Ripka's most important lecture activity was associated with prestigious Klub Přítomnost. He worked in Lidové noviny since 1930, yet he still contributed to a lot of other periodicals. With growing threat of Pangermanism he concentrated on all kinds of support of Little Entente. He made informative foreign trips since 1932, from which he brought summary reports to E. Beneš. In 1934 he participated significantly in the programme of...
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Constitutional development and the political system of Czechoslovakia after February 1948
Trnka, Michal ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This work focuses on constitutional and political development in Czechoslovakia after the coup d'état in February 1948 that performed the Communist Party to gain absolute power. The author examines the nature of the political system immediately after the coup, and the differences between constitutional law and contemporary reality. The author assumes that some establishment not only the constitution but also other laws was just a front for illegal consolidation of a totalitarian regime. First, the work focuses to the period before February 1948, and the aspects that led to the coup, as well as the development of a new constitution, which were not completed before the coup. Second, the February events itself are analyzed with an emphasis on the extent to which took place in accordance with the constitutional order. The period after 1948, when there were illegal consolidation of power by the Communist Party, political purges and radical transformation of society, is analyzed in the following chapters. The author concludes that the future direction of Czechoslovakia was decided soon after the 1945 communist infiltration of the security forces. They also played an important role in the coup itself. While the Communist Party argued that the act of resignation of ministers and complement government was...
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Second London Exile of Hubert Ripka
Dvořák, Jaromír ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Koura, Petr (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis is dedicated to the last three years of Hubert Ripka's life. The final period can be hardly taken out of the context of his previous political involvement. Thus, the author has decided to review Ripka's life in the first half of the 20th century. His activities, notably at the time of the third Czechoslovak republic, are presented here. The core part of the thesis is focused on political and diplomatic work of Huber Ripka in the period from 1955 to 1957. On the basis of the archive documents, the author presents the purpose and the content of Ripka's travels from London to Europe and the USA. The biographical section of the thesis is followed be an introduction to his political thoughts and concepts.
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Presidential office after the accession of Klement Gottwald
Trpišovská, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce all changes, that occurred in the Presidential office since February 1948 until the death of Klement Gottwald. After the short introduction, which gives us insight into the so called the Foundation period of Communism and into the life of Klement Gottwald and his wife Marta, follows the opening chapter about the situation in the Presidential office after the February 1948. It introduces two great topics, which would be examined in the next chapters - staff question and organization of the office. The thesis is closed by the chapter about the role of the Prague castle and Gottwald himself in 1948-1953. Books about this era describe mostly the general characteristics of the period and of Klement Gottwald himself. They are not paying attention to the Presidential office. Only one of the persecuted employees wrote a biography - Miroslav Jirásek. I used mostly the books of Karel Kaplan. The memoirs of Ladislav Novák (chancellor of Antonín Zápotocký, Antonín Novotný and Ludvík Svoboda) were very useful for the description of the situation after the death of Klement Gottwald. Even though documents from a couple of archives were used, some questions were left without the answers. For example, the file of the action committee doesn't exist, so we couldn't describe its...
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