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Martin Heidegger: Man, World and Space
Kocman, Vojtěch ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
5 Abstract This essay presents an attempt to interpret the key moments of Heidegger's conception of spaciousness. Considering the fact, that Heidegger didn't publish his understanding of spaciousness in any systematic form, it is necessary to work with a great amount of primary texts often available only in a fragmentary shape. Another difficulty is given by the author's use of language, which requires very demanding translations; we always translate the source texts in this paper. Within his conception termed as the topology of being Heidegger attempts to think about the space not as a measurable quantity, but in correlation with the Greek concept of τόπος, i.e. the qualitatively determined place. This essay concentrates on Heidegger's early work as well as on his late period, during which the topological thinking plays a central role; it also tries to identify the connection between them. The understanding of thinking as a way is essential, as well as the connection of thinking and poetry and the relation between space and time, which are considered of equal value in Heidegger's late work. Merely outlined remain other directions, which may be taken by further research within Heidegger's concept of spaciousness: the critique of the contemporary way of the uncovering of the world, the deepened relation with...
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Heidegger's Concept of University
Zrno, Filip ; Strouhal, Martin (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis is focused on Heidegger's concept of university. Firstly is shown Heidegger's a difficult style of thinking. On this basis is described being of science, concept of university during his work as a president in Freiburg and in period after war. Thesis discuss the problem of being of technology and two ways of thinking which is closely connected with topic. Finally Heidegger's concept of university is shown in postmodern situation. Present and future problems related to university are elaborated as well.
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The Meaning of the Question of Being: An Interpretation of an intrinsic Connection between Being and the No-thing in Heidegger's What is Metaphysics?
Kvapil, Ondřej ; Kouba, Pavel (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
This paper deals, building on a ground defined by Heidegger's What is Metaphysics?, with a single question: in what sense do being and the no-thing belong together? This question is being addressed at two parallel levels. Based on a detailed interpretation of key text passages that have often been examined insufficiently due to their lack of accessibility, it aims to gain a complex insight into the issue and interpret it in its many nuances of meaning. At the same time, its aim is to articulate a general philosophical significance of the intrinsic connection between being and the no-thing; to what extent it affects the innermost intention of Heidegger's fundamental ontology as such, i.e. raising the question of the meaning of being. The paper builds on a phenomenological description of the original experience of the no-thing and captures a transformation of a human being into a pure Da-sein, which he goes through during this experience. Since the experience of the no-thing according to Heidegger is identical to the basic mood of dread, this piece of work depicts it in relation to seemingly similar, but in their meaning actually opposite moods: fear and, most importantly, abysmal boredom. Subsequently, it puts forward an interpretation of the no-thing's own ontological significance and thus...
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Humanity and animality between Heidegger and Derrida
Trnka, Jaroslav ; Koubová, Alice (advisor) ; Michálek, Jiří (referee) ; Chvatík, Ivan (referee)
This work deals with the difference between man and animal in the context of the theme of time as treated by Heidegger and Derrida. The starting point of the work is the critique of early Heidegger and his characterization of animal as poor in world. This critique targets his thinking of time and possibility. As first two chapters try to show, despite his basic emphasis on time and on the possibility character of human being, Heidegger still thinks time on the basis of presence and possibility on the basis of reality. Only after taking this step can he think animal privatively as meaningless or poor - in a certain absence of time. This critique results in looking for a more consistent thinking of time and possibility as a way to a more welcoming thinking of animal. The third chapter is concerned with Derrida's objections to searching for other time and it maps the main problems connected with this project of Heidegger. The next three chapters present the main analysis of Heidegger's later thought of time. The differences between his late and early thought are emphasized as the differences between his late speech Time and Being and the early work Being and Time. Heidegger in his later works explores the unity of the three-dimensional time and bewares to think it as presence. The ground of the unity...
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Human being as zoon politikon and philosophy as education of man (Being in the world human trough experience with language)
Timingeriu, Filip ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Pauza, Miroslav (referee) ; Kalábová, Helena (referee)
This thesis aims - based on my detailed analysis of the first one of the three Heidegger's lectures on The Nature of Language (Das Wesen der Sprache 1957/58) in which he deals with the possibility of undergoing the experience of speech with the support of the onto-logical starting point, which is overcome by meaning-compliant thinking (besinnlicher Nachdenken) into a poetic experience with a word and with its relation to the entity and non-entity of a thing from the poem by Stefan Georg titled The Word (Das Wort) - to contemplate on the assumptions and limits of the apprehension of the philosophically-educative questioning as the nurture towards thinking, which should inevitably be preceded by the knowledge about what it means to be or not to be brought up in thinking. KEYWORDS education, human being, language, experience, poetry, thinking, Heidegger
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Phenomenon of Music. Music in context of fundamental motives of Heidegger's early thinking
Výravský, Vojtěch ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Novotný, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis is an attempt to put the topic of music into context of Martin Heidegger's early and partially middle thinking. It proceeds mainly from two impulses: firstly from Heidegger's claim of overcoming the aesthetical, i.e. the metaphysical conception of the work of art, secondly from the big question mark above the empty space through which is the music in Heidegger's penetrating thinking of the essence of art present. In the first part the thesis shows reasons, why is Heidegger calling for the overcoming of the aesthetics, and tries to show the hidden assumptions in which the aesthetics always moves and which darken the original attitude to the work of art which means also to the music. We shows mainly three of them: the scheme of subject and object, the scheme of form and matter and approaching the work of art as an object (Gegenstand) of presentation (Vorstellung). In the second part of the thesis we are attempting to overcoming this schemes through the way of phenomenological revealing of the essential structures of music. An important clue to this is the phenomenon of touch. This leads to the comprehension of music as the manner of "Being-in-the-world" which is constituted by three moments: attunement (Stimmung), understanding and discourse (Rede). Thus shows music itself as an...
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Daseinsanalysis and the philosophy of Martin Heidegger
Mašková, Monika ; Zicha, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
The thesis deals with daseinsanalysis as a psychotherapeutic direction, which is based (among other things) on philosophy. The topic is approached in the sense of caring of the soul, which has appeared in the European tradition since Plato, and it was the overlap of philosophy into psychology, that gave rise to daseinsanalysis. This thesis focuses on the interconnection of psychology and philosophy. Based on the studied literature, the work contains the basis of daseisnanalysis from phenomenology, philosophy of Martin Heidegger and psychoanalysis. The thesis deals with the reflection of the origin of daseinsanalysis in work od Ludwig Binswanger and Medard Boss, the founders of daseinsanalysis. The work of Ludwig Bisnwanger discusses the concept of freedom, love and other topics that have been taken over and persisted in daseinsanalysis. This thesis is also about Medard Boss's relationship with Martin Heidegger and his interpretation of dreams, which he focused on. Furthermore, the thesis sets out the main principles of daseinsanalysis, which have developed over the years and link them to their foundations. The main principles include being able to work with existentials, work with freedom and respect for listening and receiving. All these form a mutual relationship between the patient and the...
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A Man of Media Effects Theories
Špaček, Jiří ; Trampota, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
This work focuses on contemporary theories, concepts and approaches of media effects. In brief, it presents the history of media effects studies, interdisciplinary background and a few basic models of communication. Ten of chosen concepts of media effects are described in detail, analyzed and compared to Martin Heidegger definition of a man (being/dasein) and to another philosopher, Daniel C. Dennet's scale of living beings. The goal is, to show definitions of a man included in the media effects theories and take them into the comparison and see the way a man is, and can be, described. The conclusion is, that the contemporary approaches reflect a man more simply. In the comparision to Heidegger's being, there could be more possibilities to develop more complex approach in the theories of media studies.
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POSSIBILITIES OF AUTHENTICITY AND THE PHENOMENON OF DEATH AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF WORRY
Kuklová, Pavlína ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee) ; Prokešová, Miriam (referee)
The existence is substantially coexistence. Sharing does not detract the loneliness of fall and destiny (guilt and consistence) from his existence these days, the regression into dust (end of experience) fights for human dignity in the Shared Phenomena of Old Age and Dying, which step out from their inconspicuousness and are mirror to the (un)hiddenness of possibilities of authenticity and the phenomenon of Dead in the background of Worry. Existencially-existencial connection of human existence expose that the appetence (the reality) of the First Man, based on the anxiety )possibility of Dead) of the historically last Man of the present, becomes a historical trace of authenticity in the sense of unique horizontal possibilities. Keywords: authenticity, Heidegger, Hogen, ontology, existence, death.
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Man Lives Ethically
Hlavinka, Filip ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee) ; Slaninka, Michal (referee)
The dissertation represents a philosophical contribution to ethics and ethical education. Its intention is to present ethics not only as a doctrine of the values and rules of human coexistence, but above all as an essential questioning that brings one to spiritual depth as a true philosophy. It does not approach to the topic by analyzing the work of one or a few relevant authors, but it is guided by the topic itself and the context in which ethics appears. The inspiration here is Heidegger's understanding of the world as the so-called Foursome, in which man, as Mortal, relates to the Earth, the Heavens, and the Divine. As Heidegger explains that man relates poetry to the depths of the world, this dissertation attempts to explain that ethical relation to the world is also something essential for man. The ethical dimension of human action and decision-making, which comes from human freedom, is presented here on diferent levels as morality and ethos. While morality is largely based on the social setting and can be described as a certain conformity, the ethos represents a deep personal authentic search for Good. It is an act in accordance with the conscience, which is oriented according to the Good. Good is presented as an idea in the Platonic sense, as a whole without border, as Divine. This Good...
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