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Teaching Styles of ESP Higher Education Teachers
Kotlebová, Sandra ; Chvál, Martin (advisor) ; Slavík, Jan (referee) ; Nečasová, Pavla (referee)
The dissertation thesis deals with the teaching of professional English language at non-philological faculties of universities. The theoretical part discusses its position at the lower levels of education, student-centred learning and teaching as well as ESP teaching. In the empirical part we present five case studies, which aimed to bring the image of the teaching styles of selected ESP teachers. We have found how they motivate students to learn English and what position within the courses at the selected universities the professional English has. Interviews and direct observation consisted methods of qualitative research. In order to achieve triangulation of research methods we used a standardized questionnaire. Cross-case summary gives answers to research questions, which showed that the selected teachers follow the rules of both ESP and student-centred learning and teaching. Based on the analysis of students' needs, they decide for different teaching methods. Despite the fact they all act primarily in the role of a facilitator, it is their own concept of teaching, learning styles and pedagogical thinking, which make up their unique style. Selected teachers admit that their teaching style is the result of several years of practice and is based on their inner persuasion, what is important for...
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Peer Review of Vocational Education and Training Schools
Michek, Stanislav ; Rýdl, Karel (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Pol, Milan (referee)
TITLE: Peer Review of Vocational Education and Training Schools AUTHOR: Stanislav Michek DEPARTMENT: Department of Primary Education, Charles University in Prague SUPERVISOR: prof. PhDr. Karel Rýdl, CSc. ABSTRACT: The subject of the research of the thesis is the issue of external evaluation, particularly technical and vocational schools by partners at the same level (peer review). In the theoretical part is paid attention to concepts associated with the development of the school, the peer review is set in the context of other forms of external evaluation in education in general level and then describes the current state of the external evaluation of schools in the Czech Republic. For the empirical research was designed mixed methods design. When the research was, along with other research methods effected multiple case study - fed 4 specific stories of peer review in the Czech Republic. From the findings have been identified following supportive factors peer review: attitudes toward evaluation, condition, experience with evaluation, competency of the participants, of the interaction rated the school and peers and support peer review. At the end are suggested other possible ways of research and recommendations for educational policy. KEYWORDS: peer review, external evaluation, mixed methodology, school, teachers
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Interpersonal relationships in school communities
Singrová, Ivana ; Pelikán, Jiří (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Urbánek, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is to gather relevant information about interpersonal relationships in the teaching staff of selected secondary schools and to show how they are perceived, understood, experienced and reflected by their participants. The result of this work is to propose principles and recommendations leading to the optimization of relationships between teachers. This work, in the terms of qualitative research, used the design of case study. Research techniques are semistructured interview and participant observation. Through them, information was gathered on relationships between teachers, teachers and school management and teachers and other people, with whom they come into contact within the scope of their profession. These relationships were then qualitatively analyzed based on open coding, categorization, typology, contrasting, generalization and validation of communication. The result of the investigation was that six schools out of four have the interpersonal relationships on a good level, educators are happy at work and their good mood and feelings are transmitted to the whole school climate. That creates the conditions for excitable work with good results both in the work of teachers as well as pupils. On one school the relationships between teachers and school management and the...
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Understanding of 6th grade students in fractions in mathematical word problems
Macounová, Veronika ; Chvál, Martin (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
The thesis processes data from the research of the company H-edu, which developed a course to help students understand the issue of fractions in the difficult times of Covid-19. Using a large number of materials, an interactive environment, videos and professional guidance, the company helped those interested in understanding the basic principles for perceiving and counting fractions. The thesis compares the results before entering the course and after its completion, which presents the details associated with the course and allows for an evaluation of the course design. The data also helps to identify where students make the most mistakes. Furthermore the thesis contains information on how to identify more demanding tasks or why students might need more time during calculations. At the same time, it explains the importance of gradation of tasks associated with higher success of respondents. The thesis also deals with the structure of questions that affect the representation of incorrect answers. For the most frequently recorded incorrect answers the thesis explains its cause and the procedure by which the respondents came to the wrong result. Recurring errors highlight the need for thorough explanation and practice of the substance. Moreover, the thesis contains a detailed analysis of the...
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School Assessment in Science Education in ISCED 2: Action Research
Čejková, Andrea ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee)
The enclosed master thesis focuses on assessment in the Natural History educational area at lower-secondary school (ISCED 2). The main aim of the thesis is to get acquainted with the concepts and methods of school assessment, subsequently to select appropriate methods and approaches to assessment for the education of Natural History and to verify them in practice with the use of action research. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. First, the topics related to the subject matter are presented in the theoretical part. The pedagogical communication is an indivisible part of the assessment process. The assessment is also dependent on the approach to education and applied objectives. Bloom's revised taxonomy is mostly used in the area of cognitive objectives, however Marzano and Kendall's (2007) New Taxonomy of Educational Objectives is also applied nowadays. The assessment includes a wide variety of possibilities and approaches, from which grading and oral assessment are the most common. The terms summative and formative assessment are explained in the thesis. The assessment also covers various methods of education, activating teaching methods and seeking an evidence of students' current understanding. Then the educational area of the Natural History is introduced. The action...
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Design of a school educational programme for physics education at the combined lyceum
Cinkraut, Kamil ; Chvál, Martin (advisor) ; Dvořák, Dominik (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to design a school educational programme for physics education at a combined lyceum. The thesis first gives a brief overview of the development of curriculum documents in the Czech lands from the 18th century to the present day and summarizes three trends in the philosophy of education regarding curriculum documents in order to base this design on an awareness of the broader context of trends in education. As the pupil's opinions are also important to us, the results of a Q-methodology study conducted on 22 pupils of a combined lyceum are also presented. They were asked to express their viewpoint for physics topics from the framework educational programme. Pupils of a Prague grammar school were also asked to the same thing, so we can compare their views with pupils of the combined lyceum. Moreover, future teachers were asked to try to estimate the views of the pupils of this lyceum. The school educational programme for physics education at the combined lyceum was designed at the end. We based this design on the previous parts of the thesis, the current revision of the framework educational programme for the combined lyceum, the wishes of the school management and the opinions and preferences of the current pupils of this school.
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The private supplementary tutoring phenomenon as a shadow education system in the Czech education
Terreros, Barbora ; Walterová, Eliška (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Černá, Markéta (referee)
Disertační práce popisuje stav soukromého doučování, jeho míru a intenzitu využívání v průběhu druhého stupně základní školy, především v posledních dvou ročnících. Studie je součástí rozsáhlejšího výzkumu fenoménu soukromého doučování v České republice a svými výsledky doplňuje informace o využívání soukromého doučování na základních školách. Tato práce poskytuje analýzu využívání soukromého doučování na druhém stupni základních škol ve Středočeském a Ústeckém kraji. Cílem je 1) charakterizovat žáka využívajícího soukromé doučování, zejména individuálních lekcí nebo skupinových kurzů (rodinné zázemí, školní úspěšnost, studijní ambice, názory na soukromé doučování atd.), 2) popsat vybrané typy soukromého doučování (míra využívání, předměty, poskytovatelé atd.). Jedná se o kvantitativní výzkum s využitím dotazníkového šetření u žáků 9. tříd náhodně vybraných základních škol ve Středočeském a Ústeckém kraji (n = 1 016). Žáci se nacházejí na rozhraní primárního a sekundárního vzdělávání, řeší přestup na střední školu a mnoho z nich musí konat přijímací zkoušku. Tyto dva kraje byly vybrány z důvodu jejich odlišnosti vzhledem k socioekonomickým poměrům. Výsledky šetření potvrzují vysokou míru využívání placeného doučování, individuálních i přípravných kurzů v průběhu 2. stupně základní školy v obou...
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Impact of the Application of the Quality Management Systems on the Satisfaction of the Students of Secondary Vocational Schools
Liška, Roman ; Veteška, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee) ; Švec, Václav (referee)
The subject of the dissertation is the issue of school quality, resp. quality management systems used by secondary vocational schools in the Czech Republic. The use of these customer-oriented quality management systems is common abroad, in some countries even mandatory. According to the available information, these systems are not widely used in the Czech Republic, their use in the education sector is not registered. The aim of the work was to evaluate and compare the impact of the most frequently used systems (self- assessment framework CAF, EFQM and ISO standards: 9001) on the student's satisfaction and their attitudes to school. An experimental, exploratory and ex-post-factual study was carried out in 2020 using a standardized questionnaire developed by the Institute for Pedagogy and Adult Education at Leibniz Universität Hannover. The questionnaire has been used since 2011 to assess student's satisfaction and the quality of vocational secondary schools in Lower Saxony. Through factor analysis, the questionnaire was divided into three main and five sub-indices. The questionnaire was piloted on a sample of 741 respondents in a Prague secondary vocational school. The data collection itself was carried out at 21 secondary vocational schools of various sizes and founders, with the exception of one...
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