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Suggestions for Teaching the Topic Water at Lower-secondary School
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
The work deals with current trends in the didactics of the educational field of Man and Nature, especially project-based teaching and the integration of science subjects. The goal of the thesis is to design and evaluate teaching that is devoted to the topic of Water in various thematic areas of the cross-cutting topic of Environmental Education, using different teaching methods. The evaluation takes place on the basis of reflections from pupils and other pedagogues and, in addition to suggestions for methods, forms and organization of teaching, monitors the fulfillment of cognitive and affective goals. The results show that the educational goals were fulfilled with the help of this lesson. At the end, specific proposals are formulated for improving and streamlining the entire teaching.
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Cancer and inclusion of the topic into biology education at high school
Baudyšová, Alžběta ; Kotvaltová Sezemská, Karolína (advisor) ; Chlebounová, Irena (referee)
Nowadays, cancer is one of the most common causes of death in developed countries. Despite the increased media coverage of the illness not all high school students are able to describe why and how tumours are developed and what is the correct prevention. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to design a novel teaching activity that will deepen the knowledge about the issues surrounding cancer and give students a greater insight into the disease. This teaching activity is based on cooperative learning - an instructional strategy where students work together on a common assignment. It will also confirm what students have learned so far in molecular and cell biology, human physiology or biochemistry. The activity was successfully validated in biology lessons at Prague high school. Key words Cancer, cooperative learning, high school, biology education
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Bioluminiscent Organisms as Didactic Theme
Ševicová, Michaela ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
The primary research question of this thesis is bioluminescence of living beings and the extent to which it is represented and explained in a selection of middle school textbooks. The theoretical part of the thesis establishes general facts about bioluminescence itself, methods for teaching and gradual study of this topic in the distant past, as well as the importance of bioluminescence and its potential for use in today's world. In addition, this part includes a summary of the various means and motives of bioluminescence in select (model) groups of organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, invertebrate, vertebrate). The didactically oriented part of the thesis involves an analysis of select textbooks that are frequently used Czech middle and grammar schools. The thesis also includes questionary-based research, involving the students in the examined school years and aimed at assessing their knowledge about bioluminescence in living organisms. A video and a worksheet with practice questions was also prepared as part of the research. KEYWORDS bioluminescence, luminescence, luciferin, luciferase, bioluminescent organisms
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Utilization of aquarium in the biology education
Špůrová, Hana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the use of freshwater animals in biology lessons. It especially provides detailed instructions for school experiments and observations of these animals, which can be bred in a freshwater aquarium at school. Manuals have worksheets for pupils and are anter keys. Each worksheet has got guidance for teachers, which contains specific instructions for the preparation of observation and experimentation and also gives some additional information. Individual worksheets are focused on representatives of cold water and tropical freshwater fish, shrimp and crayfish. A considerable part of the worksheets is devoted to our invertebrates, which can be caught in nature, and placed into the aquarium for a limited period, so there we can see the experiments and observations of some aquatic larvae of insects, flatworms, bugs, beetles, molluscs, annelids and arthropods. It also includes information about the various representatives used in the worksheets, such as a brief description of the animal and its demands for breeding. There are also instructions on how to obtain these animals. This thesis also contains practical manuals onwhere to place the aquarium in the classroom and how to manage and maintain it because this work is conceived as a handbook for teachers of biology, who have no...
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Level of Understanding of Basics of Genetics and Molecular Biology by Students of Secondary Education
Machová, Markéta ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Zrzavá, Magda (referee) ; Králík, Miroslav (referee)
Genetics has been part of secondary education for decades. However, research on the outcomes of science education has long shown that pupils have various types of misconceptions and are not able to deeply understand the basic principles of heredity and genetics. This results in their inability to navigate in daily-life problems related to this topic and make informed decisions in their life. Deeper diagnostics of these problems as well as identification of their origin is still missing both abroad and in the Czech Republic, which unable to design effective steps leading to improvement of educational outcomes. Several analyses were conducted to describe the current state of genetics education at lower and upper secondary level in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the curriculum, textbooks, students understanding of the topic, conduction of the lessons and its impact on the students. Questionnaire was used as a main research tool. The questionnaire for pupils combined knowledge test and attitude items, while the questionnaire for teachers was used to reveal their approach and attitudes towards genetics lessons and teaching conditions of their school. Content analysis was used to analyse relevant documents affecting education (curricula and textbooks). The results pointed to problems at...
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Subject Matters of Experiments and Observations in School Aquarium
Siegelová, Michaela ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with the use of aquariums and aquatic animals in biology and natural history lessons. It contains ideas for school experiments and observation of various groups of freshwater animals, which are selected so that the teacher could capture them in Czech waters or buy them in pet shops. This paper presents instructions for observation and experiments regarding aquatic larvae of insects, hydrozoans, turbellarians, molluscs, annelids, arthropods, amphibians and fish. The written school experiments are accompanied by illustrative pictures and videos that will help to understand the experiment or observation. For each of the mentioned animals, its brief characteristics and information about the keeping and establishment of the aquarium are provided. The thesis also describes cold-water and hot-water aquarium keeping. For each type, the species of animals and plants that can be kept and grown in these aquariums are listed. The thesis also includes a brief description of the basic aquarium equipment such as lighting, filtration, heating and aeration. It also gives a description of the maintenance, positioning and basic care of a school aquarium.
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