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Evaluation of Reinnervation Changes After Reconstructive Procedures on Peripheral Nerves.Nerve Transfers in Patients with Brachial Plexus Lesions: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Outcomes.
Brušáková, Štěpánka ; Holečková, Irena (advisor) ; Vaverka, Miroslav (referee) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of brachial plexus reconstructive surgery. The work focused on the analysis of the brachial plexus repair at Masaryk Hospital in Ústí nad Labem between 2012 and 2023. The aim of the study was to focus on a set of patients operated using the technique of nerve transfers. In addition to the clinical results, the presence of neuroplasticity was investigated by monitoring postoperative synkinesis and evaluating factors on which the presence of neuroplasticity depends. Methods: A total of 34 proximal nerve transfers were performed in 21 patients for restoration of shoulder abduction, external rotation and elbow flexion. The evaluation of the results was carried out at least 3 years after surgery. The resulting muscle strength, range of motion, Mallet scale, pain quantification, electrophysiological testing and the presence or absence of synkinesis between donor and recipient were assessed. An evaluation of subjective assessment of the effect of decreased function on normal activities of daily living including work capacity (DASH) was recorded. The results were statistically processed. Results: Of the 34 neurotransfers, 20 achieved M3 or greater strength (58.8 %), and 5 transfers achieved M4 or greater strength. The disappearance of synkinesis...
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Immune System: Project Based Learning at the 2nd Level of Elementary School
Kotrč, Jan ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis is focused on lifestyle and the relationship between lifestyle and the human immune system. The theoretical part is dedicated to the literary research of the immune system, its definition, physiology and anatomy and lifestyle factors, such as nutrition, physical activity, stress and hardening, as well as the definition of the concept of project teaching. Of all the connections between lifestyle and the immune system, this work devotes the most space to nutrition. The practical part of the work includes the design, implementation and evaluation of project teaching in the scope of four lessons at the 2nd grade of the elementary school in Radonice. I designed the project called "How to support immunity" as a project intended to be implemented within the subjects of the Human and health education area and is included in the 6th grade. It is a year-long project that requires the creation of several working groups. The duration of the project is one teaching day (four teaching hours). The goal of the project is to connect knowledge of practical principles of life management to support the optimal function of the immune system in everyday life, as well as the development of competencies such as the ability to search, sort and present information and collaborate on a common task. The final...
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Opinion and Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Acne Vulgaris among Pupils of Secondary School
Třísková, Veronika ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The diploma thesis is split into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses on basic information about the skin disaese acne. This part includes general knowledge about the skin and skin care, information specifically about acne vulgaris, factors of acne, acne treatment, natural cosmetics and also includes a chapter on the perception of acne in girls and boys in secondary schools. The theoretical section also provides advice on the prevention of the subsequent treatment of acne skin disease. One of the purposes of this thesis is to highlight the issue of acne in adolescents in secondary schools, to familiarize the reader with this common disease, and to provide treatment alternatives as well as prevention. The main objective of the research part is to analyze the awareness of acne among high school students. The practical part of the thesis examines the current information that high school students have about acne, further examines the psychological impact of the disease, and finds out if specifically high school students in the city of Pilsen would be interested in learning about the skin disease acne in schools. This part was prepared by means of a questionnaire survey, which, after its evaluation, shows that out of 84 secondary school respondents, acne has a...
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Activating Methods in Teaching Human Biology in Lower Secondary Education (ISCED 2) as a Mean of Interdisciplinary Relations of Biology and Physical Education
Burian, Oskar ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
Objectives: To find basic information and the concept of interdisciplinary teaching and its possible inclusion in lessons. Describe selected activation methods in teaching in general and in teaching human biology. To analyze selected frequently used textbooks for pupils of the 2nd grade of elementary school, containing the topic of the muscular system as a suitable topic for the interdisciplinary connection of biology and physical education in the context of the frequency of impulses for the implementation of physical activities and containing the interdisciplinary connection of the above mentioned subjects. Design and implement the teaching of the muscular system with activation methods and cross-curricular elements and find out what the students' attitude towards it is. Using a knowledge test, compare pupils who have completed activation and interdisciplinary teaching with pupils who have undergone frontal theoretical teaching of the same topic. Methods: Two methods were used for the research investigation. An online questionnaire regarding the attitude of students, created in Google forms, allowing students to comment on the lessons with closed and open questions, with a guarantee of anonymity. The second method of research is a knowledge test, created for the purpose of the thesis, which was...
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Development of Psycho-motor Skills in Juveniles and School Maturity
Křížová, Věra ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of psychomotor development in middle and late childhood, school maturity, its aspects and methods of testing. A total of five aims are set and six hypotheses are assigned to them. Two aims determine how much experience, training and home preparation influence the results of school maturity tests, which are based on the evaluation of individual aspects of psychomotor development. Furthermore, the aim is to find out whether psychomotor development occurs uniformly in all its areas and whether the factor of body height is related to the level of development. The last two goals are tied directly to the tested group, which consists of children aged 6-8 years living in the district of Rychnov nad Kněžnou. It is determined whether these children are mature enough to enter the 1st grades of primary school and whether there is any connection between the parents' decision to postpone their children's entry into primary school and their results in school maturity tests. To meet these goals, a cross-sectional study is used, which consists of two components. Face-to-face testing of children aged 6-8 years in the facilities of a kindergarten in the period April and May 2023, when these children participate in three school maturity tests (each based on monitoring a...
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Selected Members of the Habsburg Dynasty and their Mental Disorders
Grunclová, Kateřina ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
This Bachelor thesis presents research into occurring mental illnesses in celected members of the Habsburg dynasty, with an effort to best consretise them from the original historical background and to compare them with current knowledge. At the same time, it will describe the marriage policy that cintributed to the emergence of mental illness in individual members. The aim of the work is to get acquainted with the Habsburg dynasty, characterize the mental disorders occurring in this magnificent dynasty and evaluate the manifestations of individual diseases.
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Opinion and Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Acne Vulgaris among Girls of Secondary School
Třísková, Veronika ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with basic information about the skin disease acne. This part includes general knowledge about the skin and the skin care, as well as information specifically about acne vulgaris, factors of acne treatment, natural cosmetics and obviously to find out what is actually a perception of the girls in secondary school about acne. The theoretical part also provides advice on the prevention of the disease as well as on the subsequent treatment of acne skin disease.The aim of this is to highlight the issue of acne in secondary schools, to familiarize the reader with this common acne disease and to provide treatment alternatives as well as prevention. The main objective of the research part was to find out what information girls in secondary schools have about acne. The practical part od the diploma thesis deals with the current prevalence of acne in girls in secondary schools, specifically in the city of Pilsen. This part was processed by a questionnaire survey, which after its evaluation shows that out of 94 secondary school respondents, 89 girls in secondary school suffer from acne. Furthermore, the questionnaire showed that 72 respondents thought that acne is an infectious disease. In the...
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Morphology and Mobility of Vertebral Column in Human Biology Lower Secondary School Education
Spáčilová, Šárka ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
This master's thesis examines the topic of the structure and mobility of the spine in the teaching of biology in the eighth grade of elementary schools and the third grade of multi-year grammar schools (Gymnasiums). The aim of the thesis is to identify misconceptions held by students within the selected topic. The first part is theoretical. At the start, I analyse curriculum documents and define the term misconception, then I provide a brief description of the anatomy of the spine and trunk and the definition of mobility and in the last section I deal with musculoskeletal disorders, especially the VDT - poor posture and its prevention. The second part of the thesis is practical. Here, I first discuss the methodology of textbook analysis and the questionnaire survey. The aim of the textbook analysis is to determine the scope of the material on the musculoskeletal system in the textbooks, focusing on the topic of spinal structure and mobility. The introductory analysis is followed by a questionnaire compiled to identify students' misconceptions about the given topic. In the second section of the practical part, I evaluate the results of the textbook analysis and the questionnaire survey. The skeletal and muscular system as well as the structure of the spine and disorders of the musculoskeletal system...
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The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in Humans with a Focus on Adolescents
Kolářová, Michaela ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The aim of the presented diploma thesis is a detailed outline of the meaning of circadian rhythms in adolescence. Circadian rhythms appear in early childhood, but undergo many changes during lifetime. While in early childhood the waking and sleeping cycle shifts to an earlier time, during adolescence it is quite the opposite and the cycle is shifted a few hours later and in older age the cycle even returns to an earlier state. Adolescence is associated with the most significant changes and increased demands on study, independence and generally more overload at the expense of quality and adeqaute sleep, which not only causes circadian rhythms to dissipate and shift dramatically, which such as health. For adolescents, the delayed phase is naturally correlated with sexual development, with sleep patterns being controlled by the biological component. Respecting physiological changes in adolescence and striving for institutional changes seem to be the most appropriate therapies instead of forcing patterns basen on institutional and parental needs, which only undermines adolescent body chemistry, results in insufficient and poor quality sleep for functioning and healthy physiological development of adolescents.
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Teaching Program on the Topic of the Respiratory System for Elementary Schools Using Activation Methods
Bašová, Tereza ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the respiratory system and its inclusion in the teaching of natural sciences. The topic of the respiratory system can be quite abstract for pupils in terms of gas exchange or overall anatomy of the respiratory system. In the context of today's time of global pandemic, is important topical topic. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with the analysis of the problems of the respiratory system, the analysis and content of this topic in the FEP for basic education. Within the theoretical part, classical and activating teaching methods were also analyzed, which were crucial for the subsequent creation of the educational program. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to create and verify the proposed educational program on the topic of the respiratory system at primary school. This research was carried out in the 8th grade of elementary school and the phenomenon examined was their conceptual understanding, which was verified on the basis of mind maps before, after and with a time interval after the teaching program. The results show that the educational program had a positive effect on conceptual understanding and work using activation methods has a positive effect on pupils. It is evident from the recults that the educational program had a...
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