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Life meaning of adolescents in the context of their moral development
Gubánová, Blanka ; Prokop, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the dissertation is to give an insight into adolescents' meaning in life in the context of moral development, its constitutive elements and sources of meaning which include values, goals and tasks of life. The dissertation is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical component consists of six chapters. In Chapter 1 the term 'meaning' is defined and there are some attempts to introduce it. The theoretical part includes a range of psychological conceptions, concepts and models illustrating the variety of views on meaning of human existence, sources of meaning and its ways of seeking and finding which lead to meaningful creation of life. The conclusion of the theoretical part is Chapter 5 dealing with adolescents' meaning in life. The special attention is paid to the periodization of stages of adolescent period in which moral, value and identity development is analysed, and the whole personality within the process of socialization is formed. Diagnostic methods which allow us to look into the measure of meaningfulness of life, moral attitudes, competence and preferences of moral reasoning both abroad and in the Czech territory are embodied in the theoretical part. These methods are followed by the studies and the researches which have been executed, and they are...
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Moral Reasoning of People with Mild intellectual Disability
Hradilová, Tereza ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Felcmanová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, as well as to find out their understanding of more abstract terms of the moral domain, what the principle of their deciding is, and which values are important for them. In the first part, the thesis concentrates on the influence of the intellectual disability on the cognitive, emotional and personality aspects of the subjects. It also introduces several theories of the moral development, moral structure and values, and finally, the thesis presents the outcomes of the foreign research focused on the moral reasoning of people with intellectual disability. In six case studies in the empirical part, the thesis demonstrates the moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, who have been respondents of exploratory interviews. In the concluding part, the thesis attempts to find some identical significant moments which might be characteristic of moral reasoning of people with mild intellectual disability, and put them into the context of other research and theories.
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The effect of social organization of games on the orientation in their moral dimension
Kuruczová, Eliška ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The author is following up on Bachelor's thesis called School aged children and their moral judgment in the case of social games. Main topic of this thesis was to explore key drivers of moral orientation with focus on influence of type of game organization followed by influence of the adult authority and complexity of rules. The objective of this thesis was to extend Piaget's theory with new learnings from this area. Stories with unjust situation leading to apply justice of equity were composed to evaluate moral orientation. Main method used was clinical interview as part of which we led the discussion with children. Various types of game organizations were games organized as competition, games organized as cooperation, passing bully role, and cooperation. All these games had a common dexterity type of object throw with body contact. Experiment sample consisted of 180 primary school children with comparable representation of boys and girls, aging from 6 to 15 years (20 children from each class). For children in our sample the analysis outcomes have shown that adult authority doesn't present an obstacle to think independently. In contrast rules complexity presented significant obstacle in understanding the game principles. Key finding was that children were better oriented in the games organized...
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Education of pupils of primary school how not to be consumers
Wanková, Natálie ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The theoretical part of the presented diploma thesis aims to suggest a way to encourage non- consumer way of life in today's pupils at lower level in primary school (first school). Promotion of non-consumerism is based on the aims and principles stated in current Czech official curricular documents. The issues connected to consumerism, its formation and consequences are explained. Furthermore, general ways to avoid consumer way of life are suggested. A deeper insight is provided using pedagogical constructivism, with focus on the evocation phase, part of the "E-U-R model". This phase helps to motivate pupils and to discover what conceptions children have of consumerism. For this reason, the theoretical part also provides a closer look at children's conceptions. Considering the fact that consumer way of life is influenced by personal moral values, a section of the theoretical part deals with moral development of a child, focusing on a crucial age of 9-10, when the conception of moral realism changes. The practical part of the diploma thesis suggests a lesson whose main part is a questionnaire, which serves as a tool to determine children's conceptions of consumerism. The lesson is reflected upon and, based on the reflection, ideas for further education are suggested. The results stated in the...
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Prosocial behavior in the stories of children's literature
KADLECOVÁ, Dominika
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of prosocial behaviour in a child in a preschool age by using stories and fairy tales containing prosocial elements. It consists of two parts. The theoretical part focus on socialization of the individual and subsequent socialization process of a child in the nursery school, which is further essential for the development of prosociality and the overall emotional development of the individual. Last but not least, this part is devoted to stories that are integral part of every person´s life and at the same time they are a very suitable motivation for working with children. In the practical part, which is based on the theoretical background, there is a weekly integrated unit based on a selected text that deliberately contributes to the development of prosocial behaviour in children in a heterogeneous group. The selected text also relates to the creation of a list of children´s literature with a prosocial accent from which the story is given. Throughout the implementation, observations of individuals, their reaction and later duration of the acquired manifestations are carried out. The results are discussed in the final evaluation of the practical part. The conclusion summarizesthe interconnectedness of unfulfilled goals and objectives.
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Philosophy for Children as a means of ethics covering different areas of a child´s life
JOZOVÁ, Vladislava
The work deals with ethical education, which can be used in different areas of child's life through the program of Philosophy for Children. The theoretical part characterizes the child in a period of younger school age, describes his cognitive and moral development including important psychological aspects. Psychological knowledge becomes an important starting point for the practical part of the work. Education in different areas of child's life carries specific features of the environment. Educational subjects, such as family, school, leisure time, can participate in the upbringing of moral behavior. The development of children's moral reasoning can be supported by the knowledge of different ethical systems. Ways to work in Philosophy for Children can become a means of ethical education. The role of teachers, parents and leisure teachers has an important place in this educational process, especially in the implementation of ethical dialogues. The practical part offers three philosophical stories, with the main ideas and plans for discussion. The stories serve as an inspiration for cultivating the morals of children in different environments of their lives.
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Value and aspiration of clients with constitutional education
Pospíšilová, Simona ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with values and life aspirations of clients with ordered institutional education. The hesis consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with legislation related to replacement foster care in the Czech Republic, the etiology of risk behaviour, behavioural disorders of childhood, and the impacts of institutional education on the overall development of the personality of the child. The aim of the practical part is to map the clients of the children's home with the Liběchov School through a research survey. Focus on clients' lives before entering the DDŠ and identify their value orientation and life aspirations in the field of education and partnership in the context of (in connection with) original family environment. The results of the survey point to the perception of family value, partnership in relationships, and education. KEYWORDS eplacement foster care, risk behaviour , behavioural disorders , moral development, attachment, deprivation, family.
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School student bullying and the problem of the silent majority
KADLECOVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the explanation of the terms bullying, bullying and violence in society, bullying in the school class at the second level of elementary school, as well as the participants of school bullying and above all the silent majority. Finally, it focuses on a small social group and group dynamics, the characteristics of a second-degree student with a focus on moral and emotional development. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to describe the current attitudes of bullying participants in the past by means of interviews. The qualitative research using the coding method is used.
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Ethical Aspects of Geography Teaching - Values education in high-school geography lessons
Kopáčová, Hana ; Hanus, Martin (advisor) ; Řezníčková, Dana (referee)
This paper examines the ethical aspects of teaching geography in high school. Attention is focused on valuation, which is an integral part of both teaching geography and ethics. The thesis explains the concepts of character and conscience and presents the theory of moral development of pupils according to Lawrence Kohlberg and developmental psychology. It also provides amethodology for dealing with values in geography teaching according to Lambert and Balderstone. It is divided into five main access routes. First, values inculcation, secondly, values analysis, third, moral reasoning, fourth, values clarification, and fifth, action learning. In the third chapter this thesis presents an analysis of the values contained in the School Act, the White Book, and above all in the RVP G, which is the values that are binding for secondary school education. In the chapter four, a questionnaire examines geographic topics that teachers consider ethically sensitive. The highest ethical sensitivity was found in the racial issue, migration, religion, the political order in the world, and the cutting down of tropical rainforests. Differences in the assessment of ethical sensitivity between men and women, and between teachers and students have been identified. The fifth chapter designs four geography lessons. Their...
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The values of children and young people from sociocultural disadvantaged backgrounds (research in elementary school Chanov)
Fichtnerová, Miroslava ; Burešová, Karolína (advisor) ; Komárková, Tereza (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the values of children and youth in the context of a sociocultural disadvantaged backgrounds. The work has theoretical and empirical character. The theoretical part explains the basic terminology and assumptions relating to values and value orientation, moral development of children, social exclusion. The text provides a detailed description of the Roma population including its history and current status, possible causes of problems and theoretical solutions psychosocial differences. Practical work provides data on socially excluded Roma locality Chanov and especially local elementary school. The research study provides an interpretation which life values Roma children perceive as important and what attitude to their value orientation have teachers of elementary school Chanov. The results of interviews and questionnaires are compared with the conclusions of the studies mentioned in the theoretical part.
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