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Current state of development of the longitudinal arch of the foot in Czech preschool children
Novák, Jakub ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the current state of development of the longitudinal arch of the foot in Czech preschool children. The preschool age is characterized by the most intensive development of the longitudinal arch, and at the end of this period, its condition becomes fixed. The natural development of the longitudinal foot arch is influenced by a number of internal and external factors, including genetic predispositions such as age, gender, or body weight, as well as environmental and lifestyle factors such as footwear habits or level of physical activity. The trend of insufficient physical activity observed in the current population could negatively affect the development of the arch due to insufficient stimulation of its structures, thus having a lasting impact on the individual's quality of life. The results showed that children in our sample exhibited a higher prevalence of unformed foot arch compared to data from previous studies. Significant intersexual differences were observed in the dynamics of arch development. While there is a sharp increase in the proportion of formed arch among girls between 4 and 5 years old, this increase is gradual among boys. Furthermore, a significant relationship was demonstrated between the degree of arch formation and the first body...
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Laboratory Work in the Teachings of Biology as a Means of Developing Selected Key Competences of Pupils
Nováková, Monika ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is Laboratory work in the teaching of biology as a means of developing selected key competences of pupils. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is divided into five chapters. The first chapter summarizes the issue of curriculum documents of the Czech Republic. The second chapter is devoted to teaching methods with a more detailed description of the methods used in the empirical part of the work. The remaining chapters are focused on the topic of the musculoskeletal system and describe individual types of its dysfunctions. The main goal of the empirical part of the work is to create a proposal for a laboratory exercise with the theme: Dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system. This laboratory work is designed in such a way as to develop the selected key competences of the pupils and at the same time make it possible to find out whether the pupils possess the selected key competences. The presence of the appropriate specific skills of pupils is determined by the method of a questionnaire investigation intended for teachers participating in the research. The second part of the empirical work evaluates the own laboratory measurements of 85 pupils and enables an indicative determination of the percentage representation of...
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Body Posture in Disco Dance Performers
Svobodová, Alice ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: Body Posture in Disco Dance Performers Objective: The aim of this master's thesis is to examine how the body posture of disco dance performers changes with over eight years of competitive experience and to identify periods when the most significant deviations in body posture occur. The study compares the results of individual case studies among female participants and seeks to shed light on the issues of body posture specific to the disco dance style. Method: A qualitative research approach was employed, focusing on a deliberate selection of participants - disco dance performers. Selected tests assessed body posture using the methods of Mathias, Klein Thomas, and Mayer. Results: The master's thesis revealed that girls with over eight years of competitive experience often encounter issues related to pelvic tilt, specifically, 6 out of 8 girls exhibited anterior pelvic tilt as the most common finding. Another frequent problem was lordotic curvature of the spine, identified in 4 out of 8 girls facing this issue. The most pronounced deviations in body posture were observed in a 13year-old participant who obtained negative results in the Mathias test. Conclusion: Qualitative investigation suggested that crucial factors influencing body posture may include overloading and a high number of weekly...
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The influence of a movement intervention based on developmental kinesiology principles on female athletes in the 18+ category of sports aerobics.
Hotová, Adéla ; Křivánková, Markéta (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Title: The influence of a movement intervention based on developmental kinesiology principles on female athletes in the 18+ category of sports aerobics. Objective: Determining the effectiveness of a 10week movement intervention based on core stabilization for correcting faulty posture and alleviating back pain in four elite sport aerobics competitors in the age category of 18 and above. Methods: Evaluation of body posture aspects in a static standing position, examination of trunk stabilization, Young Spine Questionnaire survey, and a 10week movement intervention utilizing exercises to strengthen trunk stabilization based on the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization concept enriched with a mobilizing exercise for the Sacroiliac joint. Qualitative research is chosen as the research strategy. Results: The 10week movement program based on strengthening trunk stabilization according to the DNS concept with an element of releasing the SI joint had a positive impact on reducing the frequency of back pain in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the spine by one degree in 3 out of 4 girls. Reduction in pain intensity in the cervical spine occurred in 3 out of 4 girls by one degree, in the thoracic spine, all girls experienced a reduction in pain intensity by one degree, and in the lumbar spine, 3...
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The influence of sports aerobics on posture and muscle balance
Papežová, Veronika ; Prajerová, Květa (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Title: The influence of sports aerobics on posture and muscle balance Aim: The aim of the thesis is to find out how aerobic gymnastics (sport aerobics) at the top level affects selected groups of muscles and posture of girls with more than 10 years of competing experience. The thesis compares the results of a group practicing aerobics with the results of a group of girls of the same age category, who engage in physical activities only during school physical education lessons. Characteristics: The diploma thesis deals with the effect of aerobic gymnastics on good posture. The basis for this thesis was obtained by testing selected shortened and weakend muscle groups. Two groups of girls were compared. The first group consisted of girls representing the Czech Republic at international championships and practicing aerobic gymnastics at the highest level for more than ten years. On the other hand, the second group consisted of subjects, who were engaged in physical activities only in physical education lessons in school. Methods: In the thesis there was used a qualitative research and delibarate selection of subjects. Selected tests evaluated posture according to Matthias according to Haladová, Nechvátalová (1997), with the help of lowered plumb line according to Kopecký (2010) and test exercises for...
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Body posture evaluation in students of 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school and its assessment
Tauchman, Lukáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Levitová, Andrea (referee)
Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate body posture in students of 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school, to assess the impact of the intervention programme and to discuss further ways how the body posture can be affected. Methods: The body posture evaluation was performed through an experiment with elements of qualitative and quantitative research. Results: The body posture evaluation was performed using three selected tests: Mathias test, evaluation by Jaros and Lomička and measurement of the cervical and lumbar lordosis. Mathias test showed good posture results in only 14 students (16.9%), 69 students (83.1%) had poor posture. According to Jaroš and Lomíček, the head and neck were found to be the worst scoring areas, while the best scoring area of the body was found to be the chest. In terms of posture, the pretest revealed 27 students (32.6%) to have good posture, 54 students (65%) bad posture and 2 students (2.4%) were found to have very poor posture. The posttest revealed 36 students (43.4%) to have good posture and 47 students (56.6%) poor posture. Very bad posture was not found in posttest. Measurement of cervical lordosis was within the normal range for 10 (12%) students in testing (pretest) and for 12 students (14.5%) in the posttest. Lumbar lordosis testing was also in...
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Impact of canoeing on the good posture
Kopečný, Jiří ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Hronzová, Marie (referee)
Summary: Impact of canoeing on the good posture The goal of this work is to explore and describe all the effects of canoeing on the correct posture. It refers to canoeing as monolateral burden and examines its negative impact on the human body. Experiment is trying to compensate for and correct any health problems that may arise. This thesis is intended as background material for the correction of health problems in Canoeing.
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Ways to influence amateur's athletes postural stability
Fišer, Jan ; Zahálka, František (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Title Ways to influence amateur s athletes postural stability Objectives The aim of this study is to describe the selected parameters of body composition and postural stability of the amateur s athletes (floorball players) group and to assess the efficiency of short-term intervention exercise based on senzomotor stimulation, acral coactivation therapy and plyometrics. Methods This work is a descriptive work, one part of it is the intervention. Two groups of amateur s athletes (floorball players) were examined during the study - intervention group(n = 16, average height = 178,23 cm (std 7,18), average weight = 80,04 (std 11,53), average age = 25,15 years (std3,31 )) and control group(n = 8, ave- rage height = 181,48 cm (std 5,59), average weight = 82,29 kg (std 11,20), average age = 27,07 let (2,68)). Each participant underwent the entrance measurement both on Footscan to evaluate the level of postural stability by selected parameters and on InBody 3.0 a Tanita to evaluate the level of body composition by selected parame- ters. Then the intervention group took part in the intervention exercise. After the six week intervention period underwent both groups the second measurement. The results of both measurements were evaluated, compared and statistically analyzed. Results The results showed great...
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