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Formation of new identity and symbols of the Czech society in 1989-1993 (Analysis in terms of the concept of civil religion)
Novotný, Josef ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lupták Burzová, Petra (referee)
The thesis tries to prove applicability of the concept "civil religion" to the Czech society. After presentation of the concept of civil religion originating from R. Bellah, civil society and legitimization (grounded in the ideas of J. Přibáň) the addresses of president V. Havel and the articles from the selected newspapers of that period are analysed. In 1989-1993 as the transformative and crisis period one can observe the debate about the necessity of creating a civil society, finding a way of legitimizing the new condition and creating a new collective identity. Focusing on the individual and the citizenship following from the analysed articles constitutes the societal fundaments; and in these fundaments, thanks to "civil religion", there are recognized the transcendent component and the universality that both convey unifying potential and can be presented in a particular form through myths.
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The Rhethoric of Justification of Political Parties in South Africa
Bílá, Lucie ; Císař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is mainly to make an analysis of political speeches and oficial documents of two South African political parties, National Party and Economic Freedom Fighters, with a discoursive analysis as a methodology. The focus of the thesis is on the discourse of justification which concentrates on justification of own existence and claim on representation. This claim on representation is then analysed with regards to a declared group which the party claims to represent and to which, at least, these politics are supposed to serve. The part of the analysis is also a matter of consistence of the rhetoric.
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Analysis of Legitimation Strategies of Paddy Ashwdown, the High Representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kašparová, Zuzana ; Žíla, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
Early in the 21st Century, the European Union began to grow in influence in the South-Eastern European region. Thus, a discourse of transition defined by the proclaimed shift of the country from the Dayton Peace Agreement, which ended the war in 1995, to Euro-Atlantic integration, began to intensify in BiH. The discourse of transition is therefore simplistically referred to as 'from Dayton to Brussels'. At the same time up until the middle of the decade, British politician Paddy Ashdown was serving as the High Representative of international community for Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is, therefore, unsurprising that he co-constructed the discourse himself. This diploma thesis examines mainly the process of legitimization of the discourse of transition by Paddy Ashdown. Specific legitimization strategies are examined by means of critical discursive analyses and decolonial approach. The main aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the legitimization strategy of Paddy Ashdown is embedded in colonial matrix of power. Based on analyses of Ashdown's speeches, an overarching legitimization strategy was detected - mythopoesis (referring to myths and stories) rooted in colonial matrix of power. The entire argumentation of the High Representative is built around a fairytalelike story about Bosnia and...
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New understanding of corruption and EU legitimacy
Tudjarovska Gjorgjievska, Emilija ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
This research aims to investigate the causal linkages between the EU democratic legitimacy and the crises of representative democracies in the field of anti-corruption. The threats of corruption to the EU democratic legitimacy and the approach in handling this negative phenomenon is seen as a symptom of a more profound crisis of the EU integration project. The mutual interdependence between the EU and it is member states in delivering the standards of democracy, it's values and principles is seen through legitimation as an act of actual justification. This actual exercise of the EU indirect legitimacy in normative terms is translated into action through the key actors of representative democracies on a national level, the national parliaments and the political parties. However, the role of the parliaments and the party democracy in the broader EU context, especially evident in Central-East Europe (CEE), has been challenged and weak, suggesting hollowness of democracy. This status has been also challenged by the misuse of political power for private gains, as a general understanding of corruption, also adopted by the EU. However, the mutual reinforcement of corruption and the hollowness of democracy have remained under-acknowledged in the broader neoliberal context. The reasons behind are few:...
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The Ethical Aspects of Literary Production of the Czech Dissidents
Labudová, Zuzana ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Fulka, Josef (referee) ; Havelka, Miloš (referee)
Dissertation thesis focuses on the ethical aspects of literary production of the Czech dissidents. Literature is viewed primarily as a means to legitimation; it works as a legitimizing or delegitimizing agent. A good example is the Czech dream-book by Ludvik Vaculik which shows how it is possible through the written word to (de)legitimize and to (de)mythologize themselves and others and what ethical issues such behavior brings. It works with concepts of the proliferative effect of fiction and the author's reputation as symbolic capital; postulation of the authenticity of the literary testimony; the theory of collective authorship; describing the process of silencing; and the concept of the last dictionary and the solidarity based on a revision of this dictionary. It seeks to contribute to a new approach to dissent by showing the (de)legitimizing efforts in the samizdat's literature and the literature about the dissent and thus to undermine the mainstream homogenization of this multifaceted phenomenon.
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Contemporary Educational Legitimation Ecology: positions, knowledge, and critique
Wirthová, Jitka ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee) ; Fučík, Petr (referee)
This dissertation focuses on the current Czech space of legitimation practices in education as a variable sphere of justification and critique of educational goals rooted in global transformations of educational institutions, autonomies of the nation states and transnational comparative data. Since the debate on educational reform (2004), the Czech legitimation educational ecology has been diversified by different types of knowledge and actors (state, non- profit, private sector). In this work, I argue that legitimation as a critical action is today, in various ways and processes (knowledge regimes, patterns of actorship) derived from traditional jurisdictions (state and professional structures) and moves to more flexible structures, which I call topologies. In jurisdictions, mostly passive audiences remain. New legitimation topologies connect values and data and, in many ways, replace dysfunctional state structures, using specific disconnections, but also question the public nature of negotiating educational goals. Based on relational ontology and sociological topological studies and through a qualitative relational analysis of legitimation practices in three fields (published normative documents, public debates and semi-structured interviews with state and non-state actors) I show in the period...
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Parenting in the context of cultural inequalities: how parents justify their child-rearing strategies
Šulcová, Zuzana ; Frantová, Veronika (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
This thesis is written from the perspective of cultural sociology and focuses on middle-class parents and justification of their child-rearing decisions. It describes how parents choose and evaluate the institutions their children spend time at, how they "other" parents with different values and how they relate to concerted cultivation - a type of parenting style which currently dominates the middle-class context. This parenting style (or ideal) puts a great deal of pressure on middle-class parents and it causes a symbolic war among them: a war for acknowledgment and a certain position in the cultural space. This thesis describes who the participants "other", which child-rearing strategies participants approve of, what values are crucial for them and what problems they deal with. Furthermore, four main differences between the participants' approach and the concerted cultivation approach were identified: emphasis on friendship, emphasis on balance between activities and rest, emphasis on fitting in with the majority and emphasis on approval of certain authoritarian methods such as imposing punishments, applying restrictions and issuing directives.
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Fashion as a Differend
Schambergerová, Lucie ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Charvát, Martin (referee)
The work called Fashion as a Differend presents the demands of critics of fashion and shows that they are in decomposition with its definition as defined by J. - F. Lyotard in the context of a postmodern condition. It argues that discourse overriding the demands of fashion critics is asymetrical with discourse within which fashion is defined. It turns out that there is a logical paradox with regard to the essence of fashion, which is transience or rapid change (at least as fast a change in society) and the floating demand for slowing down, stability and other criticisms that are linked to its transformation.
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Framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Czech media
Houšková, Lenka ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Czech daily press in the years of 2012 and 2014. It presents the concept of framing, its connection to the concepts of agenda-setting and priming, then the framing process, ways of identification of frames in texts and typology of frames. Then it offers an overview of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Attention is payed to the relations between the Czech, respectively Czechoslovak republic and Israel and Palestine. The second chapter is also dedicated to selected researches of framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It describes six foreign researches and one from the Czech environment. Most attention is payed to their conclusions, especially to the sets of frames. Another important outcome of one of the described studies are ways of legitimization and delegitimization of conflict sides. These are together with the sets of frames used in a quantitative analysis focused on presence of the predefined frames in the dailies MF Dnes, Lidové noviny and Právo, and on the ways of legitimization and delegitimization of acts and positions of both the Israeli, as well as Palestinian side of the conflict. The analyzed time periods of the years 2012 and 2014 cover the military operation Pillar of Defense and the United Nations...
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