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Comparison of approaches towards people with disability in Francoist Spain and socialist Czechoslovakia
Wudiová, Markéta ; Mužáková, Monika (advisor) ; Němec, Zbyněk (referee)
The thesis compares the position of people with disabilities in two non-democratic regimes of the 20th century, namely Francoist Spain and socialist Czechoslovakia. The attitudes of each regime and the state initiatives taken in the field of care for people with disabilities are analysed. The possibilities for the development of the various organisations and their activities are also described. The work also focuses on two areas of the life of a person with disabilities - education and employment. The findings presented are set in the historical context of each country. The method used is the analysis and interpretation of legislation, state documents and academic publications. The comparison presents common features in the field of disability care, such as lack of interest in the issue, efforts to unify disability support organisations and their control. Both states have established segregated education for persons with disabilities. The employment of persons with disabilities depended on the form of economic establishment. Protected employment in Czechoslovakia was mediated by Svaz invalidů (the Union of the Disabled). In Spain, ONCE played a key role in providing employment for people with visual impairments. The international context and the influence of religious institutions on the form of...
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The image of a socialist citizen in the normalization series of Czechoslovak television
Müllerová, Anne-Marie ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis tackles selected series of Czechoslovak Television from the normalization era. Series are examined on the basis of predefined categories. In this work, the author focuses on the everyday life of the main characters. We can classify the categories into two types - the personal and professional lives of the main characters are mainly examined. During the period of normalization, television viewers were exposed to everyday propaganda, which also became part of television production. In drama gendre, the protagonists of the series were to present patterns of behavior for the average socialist citizen. For this research were selected following series from normalization era: Muž na radnici (1976), Žena za pultem (1977), Nemocnice na kraji města (1978 and 1981) and Iženýrská odysea (1979). The author first introduces the reader to the historical context that is important for this topic. The analytical part of the work deals with the description and analysis of individual series and is answering to research questions. The reality of series is presented and than confronted with the reality of normalization era. Based on the analysis, it was confirmed that the main characters of the series represented certain patterns for the audience. E.g. The main hero of Muž na radnici, František...
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Polish literary reportage in the second half of the twentieth century: Hanna Krall, Ryszard Kapuscinski
Lakomá, Aneta ; Čeňková, Jana (advisor) ; Maňák, Vratislav (referee)
The thesis addresses Polish literary reportage from the second half of the twentieth century as well as specifics of this genre related to the same period. It also observes the change of the reportage's role during the period of real socialism. Following as it gradually leafed off its position as a source of propaganda and became a tool that opened many taboo topics. The thesis is also about approximating the personalities of journalists Hanna Krallová, and Ryszard Kapuśczyński, both of whom had a significant impact on the topics concerning this thesis. It analyses two books of their reportages along with two other reportages written by them and informs current readers about specifics of the reporting in socialist Poland. The second part of the thesis is the original reportage called Právo na život tu každý chápe po svém, which was written in the period from October 2020 to February 2021 in Warsaw, Poland.
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Poetry in the Service of Ideology
Hofmanová, Petra ; Peterka, Josef (advisor) ; Mocná, Dagmar (referee)
English Resume This thesis is based on thorough examination of collection of poems written by Ivan Skála "Co si beru na cestu" (What I take for a journey) in 1975. The collection got National award of Klement Gottwald and therefore it's possible to consider it to be one of the canonical pieces of socialistic literature. The thesis demonstrates the fact, that the collection is not representation of pure political lyrics. The collection is a combination of intimate and natural lyrics, also its propagandistic function is apparent because of its author's political involvement and orientation. The thesis discovers the ways of realization of propagandistic function and its most common methods. Motives of socialistic propaganda are more or less hidden in the whole collection, however they are present both in poems of purely political nature and natural and reflexive lyrics. Through an analysis of text levels (formal, thematic, language) I tried to characterize the ideological schemes contained in whole collection. One of the interesting conclusions is the fact, that the collection is characterized by the intimate manifestation of its author, who reflects his own original values. His lyrical hero is an ideal citizen characterized by passion for hard work a love for his country. He's disposed of any eroticism and...
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Evident and Hidden Manipulation in Political Speeches of Socialistic Era
Švejda, Zdeněk ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Schneiderová, Soňa (referee)
This thesis is concerned with identifying and describing the linguistic elements of manipulative strategies of selected political speeches from 1948 till 1957. In the first part the work is focused on the principles of political communication, further persuasion and manipulation with respect to the relationship of these terms. In the next sections we find formal and functional description language means with regard to their pragmatic semantic components, mechanisms of propaganda and political line of reasoning. Knowledge of various aspects of language allows description of specific manipulative tendencies in political speeches and their burden in terms of evident and hidden action to the addressee.
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Everyday life in the period of socialism in the Podblanicko region
Lapáčková, Jana ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
The topic of the thesis deals with everyday life in Podblanicko Region during the socialist era. This is a local research that tries to show the memories of rural people on the period of normalization, defined by the 70s and 80s of the 20th century, in terms of food, clothing and housing. The research deals with the strategies, tactics and improvisations of the inhabitants of this region in the period of socialism, among other things focused on the lack of required goods in shops, poor supply, searching for not very high-quality construction materials and fashionable clothes. Apart from individual expressions, it deals with community style that inherently belongs to the rural population. The era of socialism is strongly ingrained in the mind of the people who lived at that time. It is clear from many sources that before the year 1989 people in the countryside did not live just meaningless lives, remarked and emptied by a totalitarian regime. In many cases, they tried to ignore the regime or they just were not interested in it. In their everyday life they created values, which were more important to them. However, they were able to realize the values mostly only partially. In order to achieve the things they considered important, their ingenuity, strategy and tactics were essential. A life in the...
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The media image of Chile during Augusto Pinochet's rule in the Czechoslovakian and Czech daily newspapers
Vavřinová, Veronika ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out and describe, how was Chile depictured in Czechoslovakian and Czech daily newspaper during Augusto Pinochet's reign and then since the end of his presidency until his death. Augusto Pinochet got to power in 1973 as one of four members of the military junta that had overthrown socialist president Salvador Allende and his government of the Popular Front. Pinochet had soon become the most influential person in Chile and he had reigned since 1974 as president. Most of the Chileans voted against continuation of his presidency in 1988, and therefore he ended in 1989 as president. He remained an important person that divided Chileans into two groups until the end of his life in 2006. The theoretical part describes mainly the historical and economic development of Chile in the chosen time period. Furthermore it briefly explores Czechoslovakian and Czech history, mainly in order to describe the development of the printed media. The thesis analyses articles in Czechoslovakian daily newspaper Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie and Mladá fronta and then in Czech daily newspaper Právo, Mladá fronta and Hospodářské noviny. Texts from several time periods within years 1973 - 2006 were included into the research sample. These time periods were chosen based on important historical events of...
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Markvartice during 20. century
Veselá, Anna ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The goal of this paper is to assess the impact historical events of the 20th century had on the town of Markvartice. The paper documents chronologically the historical evolution of the town in reaction to significant political, economic and social changes. It aims to show how important historical events influenced the life of a small town in the Vysocina region. It describes life in the town through both World Wars, the golden era of the First Republic, the 40 years of communist rule and gradual social reforms in the 1990's. The history of the town is set in the context of the historical evolution of the entire region and with a focus on testimonials of survivors. The paper also shed light on the destiny of the Premonstrate monastery in Nova Rise. This was monastery was charged with maintaining the town's spiritual well being and hence its tribulations also influenced life in the town. Key words: Markvartice, war, First Rrepublic, socialism, Czechoslovakia, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
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JAWA factory in Týnec nad Sázavou at the time of socialist experiment - Factory, people and motorcycles at the time of so-called nationalization and economic transformation (1968 - 1995)
Bárta, Karel ; Franc, Martin (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The purpose of this disertation is to capture the era of so-called normalisation during the 1970s and 1980s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia. Even though the economic transformation in the 1990s is covered, the normalisation is in this case the primary investigated period. The main focus is on the largest producer and exporter of czechoslovak motorcycles - a company called JAWA with the main production plant located in Tynec nad Sazavou - Brodce. In addition to the motorcycle production in Tynec nad Sazavou the work looks at Czechoslovakia and its role as a power of the motorcycle sport during socialism and other aspects such as the role of motorcycles during the normalisation period in Czechoslovakia or the outline of the historical development of JAWA in the post-war years and its growth on the international scale before nationalization of the enterprise. The disertation also covers other aspects during the researched era such as the impact of the factory on the lives of the citizens and employees in the region, relations to the company and the brand JAWA or researching economical situation of the factory during the normalisation period and economical transformation. The main resources used for this work were interviews with current and previous employees of JAWA in Tynec nad Sazavou, who...
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Book and its adaptation-Thomas Brussig "At the shorter and of sonnenallee" and the film "Sonnenallee" directed by Hausmann. Comparison
Bílková, Alžběta ; Haupenthal, Thomas Maria (advisor) ; Poimer, Christiane (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to confront the book "Am kürzeren Ende der Sonnenallee" by Thomas Brussig with its filmization "Eastie Boys" by director Leander Haußmann. The thesis is divided into several chapters. Besides the summary of the story and the actual comparison, it for example deals with the individual producers and actors cooperating on the book or film. One can also find here information about the origination of the film and the book. In the appendix you can see some photos and film reviews. Key words: Eastie Boys, Thomas Brussig, Leander Haußmann, East Berlin, DDR, seventies, socialism.
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