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Elementary school pupilsś preparation for the secondary school enterance examination
Švarcová, Michaela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Pišlová, Simona (referee)
In this thesis we have tried to analyse 35 different tests, which make our entrance examination specimen sets for Year 5, 7 and 9. Some schools use the services of the 'Scio' company thus these tasks represent 52 written examinations from the subject of Czech language and literature. According to our findings the main emphasis of the tests is put on the lingual parts of the curriculum, especially on orthography. The applicants distinguish the sentences, in which there are (or are not) orthographic errors. They proof to have managed the lexical, morphological and syntactic orthography in simple and complex sentences well, primarily by correction and doing filling-in exercises. Apart from that, the tasks where the applicants have to work with text are used very often. They primarily decide whether the information given results from the particular passage, they examine the verity of the submitted statements about an article, etc. From the linguistic curriculum, the word class and the sentence constituents occur abundantly. Very often the applicant's competence regarding grammatically correct word forms are being tested - the pupils might create or recognize them or complete a part of the text. In many tests, we can find tasks in which the applicants search for synonyms (or antonyms) of Czech originated or...
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Learner Autonomy in English classes at a Czech Secondary Technical School
Minakova, Irina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hanušová, Světlana (referee) ; Bilanová, Markéta (referee)
This dissertation explores the efficacy of the learner autonomy (LA) principles implemented in secondary technical school EFL classes through project-based units incorporated into the conventional four-year language curriculum (2011-2015). This integrated approach remains uncommon in a Czech secondary technical school, even though it suggests a teaching model that enhances ELA and increases communicative competence and motivation among learners. A mixed-method design based on longitudinal four-cycle action research and quasi-experiment approaches was selected (1) to examine the changes in self-regulation and academic achievement development over time; (2) to investigate the efficacy of autonomous projects systematically applied within the assigned treatment group (TG), and (3) to compare the results of the treatment and control groups as to their self-regulation and academic achievement development. For the quantitative strand, a structured Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-A) and a series of academic tests were administered which were consequently analysed through null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST). The instruments employed within the quasi-experiment were focused on the following two major questions: (1) whether there was correlation between self- regulation and academic achievement...
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Individual speech therapy in school for children with auditory impairment
Livečková, Miluše ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
The subject of thesis was to investigate and compare the communication skills of pupils of the first class with a different type, degree of hearing loss and different living conditions. The methodology of work was based on principles of qualitative research; it is a case study of three students from the first grade class for children with hearing impairments; speech therapy of these three pupils who have different hearing loss and variable compensation of hearing loss was compared. Firstly, available materials of monitored pupils were studied, secondly the technique of "participant observation - full observer" was used to collect data. The set of thematic pictograms was used to compare comprehension and vocabulary of studied children. Significant differences between the observed students were revealed during the investigation. One boy (hard of hearing with a hearing aid) to communicates comparable to their peers without hearing impairment and had a very good vocabulary, which is probably due to regular wearing hearing aids since early childhood, early auditory and speech education and the excellent cooperation and support of the family. Another two students - a girl (residual hearing, hearing aids) and a boy (cochlear implant) - have a relatively small vocabulary, speech and communicate primarily...
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Verbal communication competences of Roma pupils as a condition for their school success
Opálková, Marie ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee) ; Bravená, Noemi (referee)
TITLE: Verbal communication competences of Roma pupils as a condition for their school success AUTHOR: Mgr. Marie Opálková SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Helena Hejlová, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The subject of this dissertation is the school success of Roma pupils at the beginning of primary education and the obstacles that Roma pupils encounter in this period. The aim of the dissertation is to find out how the verbal-communicative competences of Roma pupils are influenced by the communicative language in the family and what influence it has on the pupil's school success. This main objective has been operationalised into individual partial objectives, which correspond in their nature to the linguistic levels of communicative competence and define a specific dimension of the investigation. A qualitative case study approach characterized by a combination of different information gathering techniques was used to process data from Roma pupils. It was mainly observation, interviews and document analysis - namely of the results of the Battery of Tests to determine the status of the linguistic levels of Czech among Roma pupils in the first grade. It is a non-standardized instrument that was created for the purpose of this dissertation. The work is useful mainly in the overall picture of the conditions of the formation of the language...
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The Pre-listening Stage in L2 Listening Instruction to A2 - B1 Adult Learners.
Ždímalová, Hana ; Mothejzíková, Jarmila (advisor) ; Betáková, Lucie (referee) ; Mánek, Bohuslav (referee)
The Pre-listening Stage in L2 Listening Instruction to A2 - B1 Adult Learners By Hana Ždímalová This dissertation deals with listening instruction to adult EFL learners in the Czech Republic and the phenomenon of pre-listening, which is currently under-researched. It examines adult EFL students' perspectives and perceptions of listening instruction and of the inclusion of different pre-listening techniques, particularly at CEFR A2-B1 proficiency levels. The theoretical part of the study focuses on current developments in listening research and the historical context of the development of listening instruction in classical FLT methodology. The pre-listening stage has been integral to L2 listening instruction since the beginning of Communicative Language Teaching. However, some controversial issues have recently been raised. For example, teachers are sometimes suspected of spending too much time on the pre- listening stage (Field 2002; 2008) and the overall usefulness of previewed comprehension questions in testing listening has been challenged (Sherman 1997). Moreover, adult students' listening needs and their perceptions of listening instruction have not yet been thoroughly researched (Graham 2006; Graham and Macaro 2008). This study argues that we should ask the students about their perceptions...
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The Use of Documentary Films in English Language Lessons with High School Students
Kautská, Jana ; Uličná, Klára (advisor) ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the use of documentary films in English lessons with secondary school students. It consists of theoretical and practical part; this being further divided into didactic and research part. The theoretical part covers four main areas: aims of current education and language teaching, multimedia in teaching, authentic materials in English lessons, and documentary films as a didactic tool. By an eclectic combination of the most suitable findings, approaches and methods from these areas, three complex educational materials based on documentaries were constructed for English lessons. These materials contain worksheets for students, instructions for teachers, presentations for online teaching, and a set of additional sheets and present a ready-to-use tool for English classes. In the practical part, design of the materials is described, along with their subsequent evaluation by experienced English teachers. Based on the materials design and evaluation, the overall aim of this thesis is to find out whether documentary films and lessons based on them are effective for English language teaching (where the main criterion is whether they lead to fulfilling the aims of language teaching and current educational aims in general) and what their main benefits are. The data collected are...
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Quality of Teacher's Verbal Communication at Lower-Secondary School
Ehlichová, Jana ; Starý, Karel (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with verbal communication skills based on a respectful and partnership approach to students, through a multi-case study of two selected teachers at lower-secondary schools. The theoretical part is devoted to human communication, especially in terms of verbal and also marginally in terms of nonverbal. Introduces and describes the principles and tools of respectful, partnership and immediate communication. It draws attention to the possible effects of the disrespectful and authoritative approach of teachers on pupils' problematic behaviour and their ability to learn. The practical part, through a questionnaire survey and analysis of video recordings of lessons, presents the results of the influence of a respectful and partnership approach on the overall atmosphere in the classroom. In reference to the theoretical part of the work, it provides examples of transcribed monologues and dialogues containing elements of a partnership and respectful approach. Based on the triangulation of data, it was found out which elements of respectful and partner communication teachers use in their practice, and it was also proven that the application of these elements positively affects the atmosphere in school classrooms. Finally, the analysis of the questionnaire survey confirmed that teachers...
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Visual Memory as a Determinant of Communicative and Learning Competencies in Pupils with Hearning Impairment
Kotvová, Miroslava
VISUAL MEMORY AS A DETERMINANT OF COMMUNICATIVE AND LEARNING COMPETENCIES IN PUPILS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT ABSTRACT: This submitted work concentrates on visual perception, especially on visual memory and related attention in children and pupils with hearing impairment, which from the theoretical point of view represents the most important compensatory sense for this group of people. The main part of the submitted paper consists in presenting the results of a research survey observing the levels of visual perception and attention in children and pupils in the age group 6 to 8 years old, as well as on comparing them with results achieved by a group of hearing children and pupils of the same age range. We chose four subtests focused on the current state of visual memory and attention. These subtests constitute a part of two standardized tests. The following analysis of the gained data was used to validate our hypotheses regarding the influence of the compensatory mechanism applied when processing visual inputs by people with hearing impairment existing on the level of the central nervous system. Furthermore, the paper provides processed and commented data gained from questionnaires destined for teachers. These questionnaires pursue the evaluation of communicative and learning competencies of the tested study...
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Aspects of deviated communication disorders
Tomická, Václava
Thesis is aimed at children; within 5.5 to 6.5 years of age; with disturbed communication ability. The method of critical analysis of scientific sources was used to explain current trends of speech therapy and special education diagnostics and also to explain current possibilities and risks while educating students with disturbed communication ability. Simultaneously, the analysis of the diagnostic process in the advisory service was done. The research was done within a six-year term and included 848 respondents. The results showed that a high amount of students are entering first grade of primary school with disturbed communication ability. An analysis of disturbed communication ability and an analysis of progressive speech therapy diagnostics to map language levels was done. Standardised diagnostic tools including mathematical and statistical methods were used to evaluate the results. The results of this research mapped the communication ability of respondents (age 5,5-6,5 years) and showed the need for improvements in the diagnostic process. The diagnostic process was extended with the addition of speech therapy diagnoses which can uncover deficiencies in language levels were implemented; especially with respondents with health and/or social disadvantage. Results from extended diagnostics are...
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Communication skills development of early-age child with cochlear implants
Vondráčková, Adéla ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Bartoňová, Miroslava (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the communication skills development of a girl who underwent cochlear implantation at an early age. This thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The first chapter defines the hearing impairment in the sense of classification ways, diagnostics methods, and its consequences. The second chapter describes the speech development of intact and hearing-impaired children. The choice of the therapeutic method is described as well. The third chapter is focused on cochlear implantation and explains the functioning mechanism. Also, the thesis mentions the history and current manufacturers of cochlear implants. The following part of this chapter is devoted to the comprehensive care of cochlear implant users, specifically the therapeutic process. The last section contains the list of diagnostic materials used for the communication skills assessment of implanted children. The research part aims to explore the process of communication skills development of a girl implanted due to the bilateral congenital deafness via a longitudinal case study. For data collection, the methods of medical reports analysis, interview with the parents and early care counselor and observation at home were used. The anamnesis in the pre and postoperative phases is compiled based on the...
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