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Legal liability: theoretical and comparative analysis of pure economic loss
Takáčová, Dominika ; Kühn, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Beran, Karel (referee)
LEGAL LIABILITY: THEORETICAL AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PURE ECONOMIC LOSS The purpose of my thesis is to introduce the concept of pure economic loss and its setting in the jurisdictions of France, England, Germany and the Czech Republic. The comparative study of pure economic loss reveals that granting compensation for economic loss frequently interferes with the economic loss rule (or exclusionary rule), which states that a plaintiff can not recover damages for a pure financial loss. Legal doctrines provide little insight as to why liability should, or should not, be denied. On the other hand, economic models of liability provide some valuable guidance for classifying various categories of economic loss, and identifying cases in which denial of recovery for economic loss would lead to inefficient outcomes. A law and economics analysis shows that a key factor in determining the optimal scope of the economic loss rule is in the relationship between pure economic loss and social loss. Economic loss should be compensable in torts only to the extent that it corresponds to socially relevant loss. A plaintiff cannot recover damages for a purely private economic loss. Our hypothesis is that, although not formally adopting this economic criterion, European courts are attentive to efficiency...
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Professional Responsibility of Auditors and Tax Advisors
Dohnálek, Pavel ; Molín, Jan (advisor) ; Králíček, Vladimír (referee)
The primary objective of this diploma thesis, which focuses on the professional responsibility of auditors and tax advisors, is to provide a comprehensive view of this issue. The diploma thesis is divided into six parts. The first chapter describes general responsibility with an emphasis on professional responsibility. The second and third parts are devoted to the profession of auditors. The second chapter describes the profession of external and internal auditors in detail, and the third chapter deals with their professional responsibility, broken down into a moral and legal level of responsibility. The fourth and fifth chapters are devoted to the profession of tax consultancy, which is discussed in detail, followed by a part devoted to the professional responsibility of tax advisers. The last part of the thesis compares the professional responsibilities of the professions of auditors and tax advisors.
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Liability for Damage to Health in the Sports Industry.
Černý, Vojtěch ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
The purpose of thesis is to independently describe and analyze various assumptions upon which arises the liability to damages according to regulation in OZ. The emphasis is being placed particularly on damage to health and associated claims, i.e. compensation for pain and social impairment. A substantial part is devoted to the method and amount of compensation, particularly with regard to the adoption of a new concept, which is to be indemnified loss in full accordance to the principles of decency, if case it cannot be determined otherwise. In addition, it was necessary to deal with other non-pecuniary injuries which include injuries caused by mental distress. The thesis is, besides introduction and conclusion (the first and fifth chapter), composed of three main chapters. The second chapter is devoted to the relationship between two seemingly independently existing phenomena of recent time, and those are law and sport. First, it defines the concept of sport through its characteristics, which is followed by the actual relationship between law and sport. Further, the thesis describes a problematic existence of the branch of Sports law. The third chapter reports on the institute of legal liability under the laws of the Czech Republic, first in general, then specifying the liability arising from...
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Liability of the governing body of a joint-stock company before and after recodification of private law
Grundman, Vojtěch ; Štenglová, Ivanka (advisor) ; Čech, Petr (referee)
in English The thesis deals with the liability of the members of statutory authority of a joint-stock company in antecedent legislation and in present legislation. These legislation are compared and their differences are described. Duties of a member of statutory authority (foremost duty of care), whose violation led to commencement of obligation to compensation for damage, are characterized. Specifically the thesis deals with their obligation to pay damages and their liability for damage. These relations are analyzed not only to company itself, but also in relationship to the shareholders and third persons. Thesis contains also research of claiming damages and business judgment rule.
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Sanctions for breaching the obligations within employment law relationships
Černá, Michaela ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Štefko, Martin (referee)
1 Summary Topic of this Master's thesis are sanctions for breaches of obligations of participants of labor law relationships. The first and the second chapter focus on the introduction into researched issue of legal sanctions. The author defines basic concepts which are relevant for the thesis. Then the author deals with the definition of the legal sanction and analyzes the relationship between the legal sanction and the legal liability. The author furthermore explains the basic behavior of the legal sanction and its significance. The third chapter follows on term definition from the first part of the thesis. It consists of brief interpretation of chosen private law sanctions in the labour law. It presents sanctions as nullity of legal act, relative inefficacy of legal act, limitation of actions and preclusion and liability. The main part of this thesis focuses on liability of employee for damage. The fourth chapter describes the division of labour law liability into different kinds. It also introduces the issue of liability for damage. In the fifth chapter the author introduces the employee liability in context of legal sanctions and a detailed explanation of the valid legal regulation of employee liability for damage. It focuses on the General Liability, Liability for Non-Fulfilment of the Duty to Prevent...
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Criminal liability in environmental protection
Pavelková, Tereza ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
The final thesis is focused on the criminal liability in protection of Environment, meaning on environmental protection using criminal law in the Czech republic. Introductory chapters are focused on explanation of the basic terms, principles, concepts and relations for better understanding of the issue of environmental protection in criminal law. In next chapters the thesis focuses on evolution of the legislation on three levels. First level focuses on international legislation, next level on legislation of the European Union and the third level is focused on national legislation. Closer attention is paid to analysis of the national legislation, specifically the current criminal code no. 40/2009. Follows the interpretation regarding individual crimes against Environment and analysis of the elements of the crime. In conclusion the thesis focuses on reflections, thoughts and possible changes of the legislation in the future.
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Legal Knowledge of the Primary School's Director
Korbelová, Simona ; Kitzberger, Jindřich (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis is aimed at legal consciousness of primary school management. Basic legal concepts in the area of educational legislation that should be known to all school headmasters are given. The position of school headmaster in the current school system is discussed as well as his/her role based on school legislation and legal norms. Research has been focused on verification of skills and knowledge in the area of educational legislation of head teachers, mapping current situation of their involvement in labour-law relations and exploring the way statutory regulations are acknowledged, applied in practice, passed on to subordinates and how frequent changes in legislation are met. For clarity the results are presented graphically.
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Nurses' duty of conifidentiality and the consequences of its breach
Benešová, Pavla ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Konečná, Jana (referee)
The aim of my thesis was to find out what is the legal awareness of nurses in the issue of confidentiality. Furthermore, it was examined whether nurses know what are the consequences for unauthorized access to the medical records. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the mandatory confidentiality issue and its consequences. And it defines the concepts of personal and sensitive personal data. In addition the conditions under which it is required to break confidentiality and the consequences of breach of legal obligation are mentioned. Describe the legal responsibility of nurses. In the practical part of the work I use qualitative methods of data collection, interview, for me to respond to major and minor research questions. I use interviews conducted with nurses, for doing analysis of the case and to describe the measures taken by the employer at the Municipal Hospital in Litoměřice.
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The extent of legal liability of the State for misconduct in the exercise of state powers
Patočka, Vojtěch ; Wintr, Jan (advisor) ; Tryzna, Jan (referee)
In the presented work I study the concept of liability of the State for misconduct in the exercise of state powers. The main aim is to show why this concept needs to be different from the one we know from civil law. The legal relationship between the State and an individual is a relationship that differs from the one we know from civil law, given that it is related to the exercise of power. Therefore we have to construct specific legal conditions in order to find the State liable for damages that an individual may suffer in such a relationship. In the first part I question the main function of the State's liability for damages. I show that it has good influence on the administrative bodies in the way that it forces them to follow the law. On the other hand this influence must not be overestimated. In the next part I study the basic elements and conditions of liability. I work with the domestic law as well as with the liability principles formed by the judicial decisions of the EU Court of Justice. I compare both these systems of liability for damages with regard to how they respond to the specific features of the relationship between a State and an individual. Final part of this work tries to explain why different branches of state power should be treated differently. I show on examples what kind...
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The Casual Connection as an Element of the Legal Liability
Haščák, Josef ; Gerloch, Aleš (advisor) ; Beran, Karel (referee) ; Harvánek, Jaromír (referee)
The Casual Connection as an Element of the Legal Liability Abstract of Dissertation The concept of the casual connection is not understood in a uniform manner, although it represents the principal legal institute that enables functioning of the law. However, the nature and purpose of the legal liability in the Czech jurisprudence remains the object of discussions, and this is supported by the fact that the positive legal regulation uses the concept of liability at random. Within the vindicative concept of the legal liability as the secondary legal liability arising as the result of the violation of the primary legal liability, we can discern several basic elements. It is particularly the violation of the legal liability, the negative consequence consisting in the violation of or a threat to the legal values, as well as the casual connection between the wrongful act and the negative consequence. The causal connection is the principal element of the legal liability which represents the objective element whereby a wrongful act may be attributed to a certain subject. Thus, the causal connection transmits the penal liability to the subject concerned. Mostly, it is not difficult to find the element of violation of the legal liability and the negative consequence. However, the situation is more complicated in the...
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