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Ecological validity research of Attention test
Bláhová, Lucie ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Rendl, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of attention research, mainly from the neuropsychological point of view. It is an empirical study divided into two parts: The first theoretical part introduces the history of attention research, defines attention and presents the current theories of attention: Broadbent's Filter model, The Feature-Integration theory from Anne Treisman, David LaBerge's theory and Michael Posner's concept of attention. The second part of the work, the empirical part, is based on the discussed concept of attention, mainly from neuropsychologist Michael Posner. The purpose of the research study is to explore the ecological validity of Michael Posner's attention test - Attention network test (ANT). The following questionnaires were chosen as the methods for measuring the real-life attention: CFQ (Cognitive failure questionnaire), EMQ (Everyday memory questionnaire) and DEX (Dysexecutive questionnaire). The results of the study did not confirm the significant statistical correlation between results in Attention Network Test and scores in self-reported questionnaires, but the bachelor thesis' contribution's to ecological validity research can still be seen. KEYWORDS: Attention, Attention research, Ecological validity, ANT, Cognitive failure
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The PASS Theory - from research to intervention
Khánská, Lenka ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kaplan, Cyril (referee)
This bachelor thesis focused on the origin and principles of the PASS theory (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, and Successive Processing processomg). It introduces the the information processing theory by A. R. Luria, from which the PASS theory stems. It also describes CAS and CAS2 (Cognitive Assessment System) tools, which enable the assessment of PASS processes. The work offers an overview of some possible interventions that are based on the PASS theory. The work includes a number of studies that examined how CAS is able to recognize specific groups of children (e.g. Children with ADHD, Down syndrome, etc.), and how to verify whether interventions are effective. The research proposal examines how the PASS processes influence school activities focusing on pupils in primary schools. This research could serve as the basis for the use of interventions within the frame of school education and thus it could help for the effective development of the PASS processes. Keywords: PASS Theory, Planning, Attention, Simultaneous Information Processing, Successive Information Processing, Cognitive Assessment System, Intervention
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Impact of a cognitive function therapy on people with dementia
Nová, Jarmila ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Piťhová, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis occupies with a cognitive training efficiency with a focus on memory and attention of dementia diagnosed people, especially people with vascular dementia, mixed dementia or Alzheimer's disease. The theoretical part deals with dementia issues and current knowledge on the field of a cognitive and occupational therapy. The main empirical part goal is a determination of the cognitive training by dementia diagnosed people. The next goal is to find out, how much clients are satisfied with the cognitive function therapy. The cognitive function training is made within a period of 8 weeks in social institutions in Jirkov and Chomutov. The research sample is consisted of 24 clients (at the age of 65 and more) with diagnosed Alzheimer's disease, vascular or mixed dementia, they were divided into an experimental and comparative group. Clients are evaluated before the intervention and after the intervention using Mini-Mental Examination test (MMSE), Trail Making test, part A (TMT:A and Swwartz scale of the therapy evaluation (SOS-10). Statistically significant results of set significance rate (p < 0,05) were found by the test MMSE (0,01 < 0,05) and scale SOS-10 (0,02 < 0,05), but the test TMT:A (0,09 > 0,05) hasn't confirmed therapy efficiency from the reason of the small research sample. Those...
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Husserl's phenomenology of attention
Grimmich, Šimon ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
(in English): The diploma work Husserl's phenomenology of attention systematically presents Husserl's conception of attention. The first part deals with the presentation of Husserl's static phenomenology of attention, taking into account in particular of Logical Investigations and Ideas I. The second part is devoted to genetic phenomenology of attention, which is reconstructed mainly upon Experience and Judgment and Analyses Concerning Passive and Active Synthesis. In it's conclusion the work offers other possible perspectives of investigation of the phenomenon of attention from the phenomenological positions.
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A commented translation: Was Lernen beinflusst. In: Lernen. Gehirnforschung und die Schule des Lebens. Heidelberg 2006. P. 139-167.
Tichá, Eva ; Kloudová, Věra (advisor) ; Špirk, Jaroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis has two basic parts. The first part sets to produce a function translation. The basic literature which is the most important for this thesis is the Art of Translation by Jiří Levý. The reason is the fact that my translation method is based on this book. The second part of this bachelor thesis is the commentary to this translation. It is well known that the bachelor thesis is not able to mention all problems which we can meet in a translation. But I would like to describe the problems which are the most important aspects for our understanding of the translation process and my translation method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Ohníček;changes in structure of magazine and in text characteristics between 1950-2001
Semecký, Jiří ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Wolák, Radim (referee)
The undergraduate thesis entitled "Časopis Ohníček: kvantitativní obsahová analýza vybraných pozornostních prvků 1950-2001" (Ohníček Journal: Content analysis of representation of selected attention-catching features in 1950-2001) deals with representation and role of visual attention-catching features in a children's printed periodical. The thesis describes a brief history and context of publishing the journal and with sensory perception of human organism with stress on visual perception, in connection with the process of attracting inadvertent as well as intentional attention. By means of quantitative content analysis it attempts at capturing the development of extent of representation of selected features with graphic significance in the journal, in particular of headlines and pictorial components, which immediately affect visual perception of the recipient and which are thus endowed with the largest potential to capture inadvertent attention through orienting responses. Such inadvertent attention may subsequently transform into intentional attention on the basis of the level of meeting individual expectations and interests. External form of respective contributions thus assists in awakening interest in their content. The development of the selected attention- capturing features is monitored...
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Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo
Urbanová, Lucie ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Truc, Michal (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo" in its theoretical part discusses physiology of balance system, its disorders and summarizes knowledge of phobic postural vertigo. In experimental section we analyzed postural stability of 5 patients with phobic postural vertigo, 5 patients with structural lesion of vestibular system and 5 healthy subjects with posturography during normal stence and while performing cognitive tasks - "Contact test", Verbal Fluency task and modified Stroop test. The goal of this study was to find out whether postural stability of subjects differs while performing cognitive tasks in comparison with normal stance. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Mindfulness-based interventions in clinical practice
Chýle, Jaroslav ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with mindfulness-based programs, which are now used in medicine. The theoretical part focuses on their, description, published clinical outcomes, research, mechanisms of action, advantages, pitfalls and their use in clinical practice. The empirical builds on the theoretical part and proposes a research project in the form of a double-blinded randomized controlled study of the influence of MBSR on variables of mental and physical health, with the application of an active control group. Discussion includes reflections on the direction of future research and presents information on current trends, opportunities and challenges facing these interventions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Mental concentration of florball players
Novotný, Tomáš ; Harsa, Pavel (advisor) ; Dragounová, Zuzana (referee)
- english Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to highlight the importance of mental concentration of floorball players during training and before a match and to highlight the importance of concentration during sports preparation. In the theoretical part of the thesis, based on the available literature sources, the thesis first discusses the topic of the sport and describes floorball in general - e.g. its history, rules, or important players. It focuses in detail on the mental concentration of players, which is related to concentration, fatigue and depression, for example, and explains what influences all of them, why they are important in sport, and which factors can affect it negatively. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey among selected respondents. The results of the survey will be used to evaluate the influence of the players' mental concentration on their performance. Keywords sport, floorball, concentration, mental concentration, psyche, mental states, mental states, attention, attention disorders, fatigue, conflict, stress, motivation short and long term memory, survey, factors
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Speech and thought development as part of reader preliteracy
Němcová, Nikola ; Ronková, Jolana (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the issues of thought and speech development in the area of reading preliteracy of preschool children. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part is devoted to the issues of reading preliteracy, thought and speech development in the area of reading preliteracy, drawing attention to the risk of developing specific learning disabilities and discusses the impact of pre-school institutions on children. The empirical part is compiled based on this knowledge. The aim of the empirical part is to map the level of reading preliteracy in children aged 5 - 6 in Humpolec. Specific research questions investigate the preliteracy teaching skills of kindergarten teachers, as well as the way how teachers develop these reading skills and a range of tests for the subsequent evalution of reading preliteracy levels of children. The empirical part of the thesis combines two methods of data acquisition, questionnaire surveys and observation of children during the performance of tasks in the tests. There was a relatively good level of reading preliteracy among children aged 5 - 6, but with large individual differences among children. KEYWORDS children of preschool age, reader preliteracy, thought, speech, vocabulary, memory, attention
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