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Romantic Impulses in Victorian Literature
Beran, Zdeněk ; Hilský, Martin (advisor) ; Mánek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Peprník, Michal (referee)
The thesis attempts to discuss the character of late Romantic literature and art as it developed in England throughout the Victorian period. It follows the assertion made by G. Hough that it is possible to identify a continuous presence of Romantic ideas and methods in the writings of some major Victorian authors, and reflects the fact that there was actually no consensus or prevailing unequivocal view of Romanticism at that time, as is evidenced in the contradicting statements of such writers as John Ruskin and Walter Pater. The first objective of the thesis is thus to define the characteristic features of English Romanticism as they can be tracked down in the formative period of the 18th century and the time of High Romanticism of the first decades of the following century, and to see what transforming changes these characteristics underwent during the Victorian era. The sources of Romantic sensibility are located in the revolutionary role of the scientific discoveries of the 17th century and a new focus of the philosophical writings of that period, concerning mainly operations of the human mind. This development resulted in new aesthetic conceptions based on the two prevailing approaches, empiricism and Neo-Platonism. These theories conditioned the main concern of Romantic thought, i.e. an...
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Feminism and Literary Criticism in Pavla Moudrá's Journalism
Słowik, Olga ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
The thesis concentrates on the literary and feminist articles of Pavla Moudrá, which she published in the journals Ženská revue, Ženské listy, Ženský obzor and Ženský svět. An important part of the diploma is a complete bibliography of her texts issued in these periodicals. The analysis concentrates then mainly on articles connected to literature and "the woman question". It describes the author's opinions in their relationship with the peace movement, animal welfare, the anti-alcoholic movement and spiritualism. In all of these areas, she was involved as a promoter of spiritual values, leading to the spiritual revival of mankind, and for this purpose she also subordinated her journalism. She tried to thematise particular social problems, indicative of the decline of human morality, as well as writing more general texts, more metaphorical and strongly inspired by the theosophical movement. It influenced the way she perceived literature: she valued mainly the author's intention, which should be able to offer a positive example for the reader. She considered a poet, meaning a writer and an artist in general, to be a creature standing close to God and having the ability to see more than the average person. Also, a woman was, according to Moudrá, close to God: this relationship was given by the...
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Old Testament Interpretation and the Postmodern Conditions
Zatroch, Ondrej ; Lukeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Biernot, David (referee)
The task of diploma thesis "Old Testament Interpretation and the Postmodern Conditions" is to critically reflect the course and current issues of Old Testament research. This reflection is based on the analysis of research situation and chosen approaches to the Old Testament. The thesis shows, that the Old Testament interpretation must be based on lively dialogue. It doesn't mean just the dialogue with the biblical texts or the state of current research, but also with the situation of the world often called as "postmodern". The important assumption of this diploma thesis is that the authentic interpretation includes also the constant and deep self-examination of interpreter and his place in the society. It doesn't mean, that the interpretation ought to be the self-presentation of interpreter. On the contrary, it should remain critical and solid, but also enacted in deep solidarity with the neighbour and shared world. The results of this diploma thesis show the importance of keeping the critical grounds of Old Testament research and interpretation. Only the intensive and unappealing criticism could be a basis for the future quality and solidness of the research and upholding its matter in wider research community and society. Another important aspect is the solidarity with the world. It means that...
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Critical Responses to Ondře Sokol's Plays in Činoherní Klub.
Smrčková, Lenka ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Pšenička, Martin (referee)
This BA Thesis deals with analysis of responses to productions directed by Ondřej Sokol in Činoherní klub from 2002 to 2011. The analysis will be elaborated on the bases of criticism of particular productions and expert studies that pursue staging of new Czech texts and translations of Ondřej Sokol. Its aim is to express a progress of critics' and audience's acceptance of new plays and also to monitor the expansion of the texts to other theatres and their popularization. The thesis describes a phenomenon of a new poetics that penetrated the Czech theatre milieu through Sokol's translational and dramaturgic work.
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The Sophists as seen by Plato and Aristotle, and their reappraisal by Hegel
Dovhoruk, Ivanna ; Thein, Karel (advisor) ; Jinek, Jakub (referee)
This work is an inquiry of the original traces of negative and positive criticism of the sophists. Through the interpretation of the relevant passages in selected works of Plato, Aristotle and Hegel we will try to seize the main reasons that have led these thinkers to the rejection of sophistry, or for its appreciation. Thence, there will not be taken into account the Sophists as a philosophical phenomenon, but what Plato, Aristotle and Hegel say about them. At the same time we give up all criticism and evaluation, because we do not want to seek advantages and disadvantages of these opinions; we just want to know what they are. The first chapter includes four interpretations of Plato's dialogues Protagoras, Gorgias, Sophist and Euthydemus. In the second chapter we will try through the Aristotle's reading of the first fifteen chapters of his writings Sophistical Refutations seize the reasons for his adverse assessment of the Sophists. The third chapter examines Hegel's appreciation of sophistry, which results from his conception of the history of philosophy as a necessary process of evolution in his Lectures on the History of Philosophy. In the conclusion the results of inquiry and overall summary will be presented.
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The Eternal Boyhood of Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic
Kolařík, Karel ; Vojtěch, Daniel (advisor) ; Lishaugen, Roar (referee) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
The thesis attempts to describe the life and work of Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic through an analysis of his lifestyle, i.e. the way in which he organized, embellished and individualized his life. Karásek sought to shape his existence as an artwork, in accordance with the inspirational concepts of the contemporary and antecedent thinkers and artists (e.g. Oscar Wilde, Walter Pater and Maurice Maeterlinck). He accented its integrity and orientation towards beauty. In accord with his aesthetic vision (and his literary work) Karásek conditioned beauty with sadness and pain and attempted to emphasize melancholic beauty, unity in disunion. For that purpose he would accentuate particularly the disintegrative, critical elements, evoking the impression of unsuccessful, self-destructive endeavor to reach life's high ideal. This corresponded with his tragic concept of the artist immolating himself for his Art. I approach Karásek's lifestyle through the use of the terms youth and (eternal) boyhood, which Karásek himself employed as symbols of mournfully beautiful existence in his literary work. I define a youth - in accordance with the romantic and symbolist interpretation - as a person at odds with reality (contemporary truths, customs and rules), a solitary, unique being, trying to construct a new world - only...
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Nobel Peace Prize for European Union: The Analysis of Euroscepticism
Meissner, Jan ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rovná, Lenka (referee)
The topic of the master thesis is putting together two subjects that always sharply polarize academic, but also political and public debate - euroscepticism and Nobel Peace Prize. Through an analysis of primarily negative debate that followed after awarding Nobel Peace Prize to European Union in 2012 the master thesis is aiming to answer the question to what extent it was the topics typical for euroscepticism that shaped this debate. The paper is operating with a hypothesis that it was this critical phenomenon, typical only for EU, being the main component of the negative debate overshadowing expected criticism with regard to the purpose of the award. For the second hypothesis which anticipates that the topics of euroscepticism make the EU specific laureate is necessary to compare this case with three other international organizations (and their criticism) that were recently awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize. These organizations include Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (laureate in 2013), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) and United Nations (2001). The first chapter introduces the Nobel Peace Prize and its specifications. The topics typical for euroscepticism are generated in the second part through academic debate on both party politics euroscepticism and public...
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