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Media image of The Yellow vests movement - comparison of traditional and new media content
Stoklasová, Justýna ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the framing of the protests of the Yellow Vests movement in France in some selected Czech news media. The focus is on a comparison of the way the protests were framed in articles published in traditional and new (press/online) media. The aim of the research is to use media framing analysis to determine whether, and in what way, the media representation of the yellow vest movement is influenced by the type of media (print/online) and whether the content of the articles has elements of the protest paradigm and bias against the yellow vest movement. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the theories of the influence of mass media on public opinion are first briefly introduced, especially the agenda setting theory. The theoretical part of the thesis first briefly introduces the theories of mass media influence on public opinion, in particular the theory of agenda-setting and the concept of media framing. This concept is put in the context of the protest paradigm phenomenon. This is followed by a brief description of theformation and and nature of the yellow vest movement and the different characteristics of traditional and new media. Finally, some previous studies on media coverage of protests are presented. The methodological section presents the research problem, the...
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The degree of respect for the ideal of objectivity in the news of Czech Television and CNN Prima News: the example of media coverage of the functioning of the president's office
Šafránková, Tereza ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis aims to explain the concept of information bias and to demonstrate its concrete manifestations in the main evening newscasts of ČT24 and CNN Prima News. The background material will deal with the profiling of the media image of the functioning of the presidential office of Miloš Zeman. The material will be drawn from the period from May 3, 2020, when the news station CNN Prima News began its broadcast, to the first quarter of 2022. The initial theoretical framework serves as the conceptual part of the thesis, outlining the issues of the phenomenon under investigation, i.e. media bias. This chapter defines the basic concepts, defines the methodological framework, provides a characterization of the media under study, and makes assumptions about the types of bias that the selected media might eventually commit, in the context of knowledge about how the media profiles itself. On the basis of this knowledge, a qualitative semiotic analysis is carried out, focusing on the content, language and visuals of the broadcast reports. As part of the analysis, the thesis also takes into account the profiling of the media image of the presidential office of Miloš Zeman. The aim of the thesis is to highlight the ways in which the selected programmes violate the concept of information quality and...
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The influence of training program structures on police brutality in the USA
Janovec, Adam ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The thesis named The influence of training program structures on police brutality in the USA, presents a content analysis of the textual training manuals that accompany both cadets and their instructors throughout the duration of training. The manuals represent the backbone of all training programs, encoding not only operational procedures, but also the ethical standards and moral values that police officers should adhere to in the performance of their duties. How these values are presented is a determining element in shaping an officer's perception of the police mission as well as his or her approach to the use of physical force as a tool for law enforcement. A neglectful interpretation of physical intervention in a crackdown on civilians has far-reaching implications for officers who, as a result, may resort to abuses of police authority and the perpetration of police violence. The main objective of this thesis is to demonstrate that there is a correlation between the content of training manuals designed for cadets in police academies and the rate of occurrence of police violence. The thesis devotes considerable space to the identification of the key factors behind the emergence of police violence, through the unification of current theoretical research on this issue. However, most space is...
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Reception and rating of Czech video games in gaming magazine Level
Pepř, Tadeáš ; Švelch, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kasík, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the reception of video games developed by studios residing in the Czech republic through reviews published in the video game magazine Level since the foundation of the magazine in the 1995. Theoretical part describes basic contexts of the development of gaming journalism with the emphasis on the Czech scene, briefly explains the foundation and the history of Level and provides complete list of all reviews of Czech video games in up to now published issues. Research part examines the aspects of 10 picked individual texts, emphasizing the changes during years. Thesis aims to find out how and to what extent can reception of individual games be influenced by the fact, that they were developed in the Czech Republic, and how these aspects of reception change from the 1995 to these days. Choice of examined texts reflects the intention to study changes over the time and individual reviews are divided by approximately stable intervals.
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Comparing of media image of Topolánek,Fischer and Nečas government in periodical Týden
Jelínková, Milena ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis deals with a compare of media image of Topolanek, Fischer and Necas government in periodical Tyden. I took two aims - first, to find out if any opinion inclination or political orientation is expressed in articles about Czech governments published in the periodical Tyden, second, to compare media image of all three governments among themselves and to trace potential differences. The theoretical section focuses on objectivity and bias, construction and representation. Substantial part of the theory is comprised of specific political communication and mediatisation together with trends in this field recognized in last decades. The empirical section is composed by quantitative analysis that compares representative articles and it is added by an content analysis of front pages of the periodical Tyden. Regardless of a fact, that the Jan Fischer government was very popular in public, the media picture of this particular government is rather negative comparing others. On the contrary there were found specific features showing that the Mirek Topolanek government was pictured more substantially. In generally the periodical Tyden uses negativity and stereotypes in articles about governments but in no case this is a predominant procedure of media products construct. The media picture of last three...
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Attitude of czech daily press Lidové noviny, Mladá fronta Dnes a Právo to direct election of the president of the Czech republic
Kottová, Anna ; Kraus, Jiří (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
My thesis named "Attitude of Czech dailies Lidové noviny, Mladá fronta Dnes and Právo to the first direct Czech presidential election" should confirm or disprove the bias of the three Czech newspapers in the period between the first and the second round of the direct presidential election. The first part of thesis focuses on selected chapters of media, linguistic and semiotic theories regarding bias. It also discusses the process of direct elections and CVs of Karel Schwarzenberg and Miloš Zeman. At first, I used quantitative analysis to determine if the newspapers were balanced and provide comparable space to the both candidates. Then I applied the qualitative analysis to find out what language and semiotic components used the authors from newspapers to inform the public about the candidates of the second round of direct elections. Depending on the findings, I divide the articles into positive, neutral, negative categories for Karel Schwarzenberg and positive, neutral, negative for Miloš Zeman. After the victory of Miloš Zeman the bias was discussed. This thesis should answer the question of whether the three Czech newspapers were biased in favour of Karel Schwarzenberg or Miloš Zeman between the first and the second round of the first direct Czech presidential election.
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Satisficing Detection in online Research in the Czech Republic within online Panel Recruitment
Königová, Martina ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Hendl, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with detection of satisficing caused by not reading the instruction below a question in the online survey in the Czech Republic. First, the issues of online survey is introduced from the theoretical point of view and cognitive aspects of the proces of creating a response to survey questions is described. Further, the term satisficing is explained, including its sources, forms and ways of measurement, and surveys and studies focused on satisficing detection are presented, including Instructional manipulation checks method which is crucial for the practical part of this thesis. Based on previously executed studies, the author designs hypotheses about the presence of satisficing in the online survey in the Czech Republic, and about the effect of respondent's socio-demographic and other factual characteristics; these hypotheses are subsequently verified using data from the conducted quantitative survey. The research results reveal considerable presence of satisficing caused by not reading the instruction below a question in the online survey. Furthermore, the impact of some socio-demographic and factul characteristics on the total amount of incorrectly answered control IMCs was proved. Building a model used to predict the probability with which the respondent will engage in...
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Cognitive errors in mass media communication
Zíka, Vojtěch ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Hladík, Radim (referee)
This work is based on an assumption that human decision-making process is following several approximate rules (heuristics) that causes predictable and systematic errors in judgement (cognitive biases). Although this stand point is typical for fields like behavioural economics or behavioural law and economics, there is no reason to not apply this logic also on other discipline like a mass media communication studies. This work offers an analysis of the information market where supply side is represented by producers of information (e.g. media organizations) and demand side is represented by consumers of those information (audience). The analysis is focused on factors that cause perceived description of a particular event can vastly differ from this event. One of those cognitive biases which cause different perception of the same media content is called hostile media effect. In respect to this effect, sympathizers with a socially controversial topic tend to perceive information in the mass media as hostile to their own opinion. Previous research concluded that hostile perception is mainly caused by a reach of information which is explained by the selective categorization - although individuals with different worldview can see the same content, they perceive it with a different valence. The valence of the...
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Selected causes of the third Mečiar's goverment on the biased news of the Slovak television
Pauková, Kristina ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
The Master's Thesis "The selected cases of the third Mečiar's government and the bias in news coverage in the Slovak television" analyses a period of the third Mečiar's government on the basis of research focusing on the presence of bias in the news coverage in the Slovak television. This institution, which provides the public service broadcasting, is in general considered as a politicians' tool and during 1994-98 is described as a medium subordinated to the coalition government of that time, or even to a single political party. Due to the previous research dealing with election campaigns in 1998 we decided to focus on two significant events - the kidnapping of Michal Kováč jr. in 1995 and the 1997 referendum, which could present an illustration of the media production during the respected period. Closer characteristics of the socio-political situation with the accent on the selected cases is outlined in the introductory part of the work together with the bias issue and the concept of public service broadcasting. In this work we pay attention to the characteristics of evolution of the Slovak television after 1989 as well, and to a closer description of its functioning and broadcasting in 1994-1998. The final part deals with the very research of bias in the main STV news programme by using the...
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Analysis of Missing Data: Comparing Performance of Traditional Methods across Mechanisms
Petrúšek, Ivan ; Soukup, Petr (advisor) ; Hendl, Jan (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate different methods of dealing with missing values in data analysis. The thesis is divided into three major chapters. The first chapter summarizes the theoretical literature on missing data and focuses on missing data mechanisms in particular. The second chapter introduces traditional methods for addressing missing data in sociological research. The third chapter assesses the performance of these methods by analyzing simulated data sets for two variables (income, IQ). For practical analysis (chapter 3), we simulated missing data according to three different mechanisms (MCAR, MAR, NMAR) and varied the proportion of missing values under these mechanisms (10%, 20%, 30%). Then, we applied each of the following four methods of addressing missing values: complete-case analysis, arithmetic mean imputation, regression imputation, and stochastic regression imputation. In order to evaluate the performance of each of these methods we performed correlation and regression analyses for each experimental condition. The results of these simulations are largely in agreement with existing theoretical literature on the subject of missing data. In the case of NMAR, all solution methods provided biased parameter estimates. In the case of MCAR, only complete-case analysis and...
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