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Romantic idealism in George Sand's ''country'' novels
SOCHORKOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the work of George Sand, an important French writer of the 19th century. The aim of the thesis is to fathom the writer's rural novels and to determinate the role of idealized elements in these novels. The thesis contains a theoretical and an analytical section. The theoretical section briefly introduces the historical and literary context of the Romantic movement in France and, subsequently, mentions George Sand's biography and literary output. The analytical section consists of analysis of Sand's rural novels (The Devil's Pool, The Country Waif, Little Fadette and Les Maîtres Sonneurs) with emphasis on identifying idealized elements. The analysis focuses on characteristics of main characters and the rural setting where George Sand strove to portray an image of an ideal human being. A summary of all four analyses follows and pursues interconnected themes in her rural novels.
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Dialogue Rádl versus Hejdánek
Doležal, Kryštof ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The problem of nation and nationalism is the subject of reflections in Czech political thought from the late 19th century; broader problem with definition of nation and its meaning constitutes more than centennial polemic called "the Czech question". This bachelor thesis inquiries chapter of this controversy, the works of two Protestant philosophers: Emanuel Rádl and Ladislav Hejdánek. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare concepts of these authors that are related to the nation, nationalism and philosophy of history. Furthermore, this bachelor thesis discloses continuity of certain idealistic-theological tradition, whose roots are discoverable (according to one interpretation) in ancient Israel. For Rádl and Hejdánek nation is a moral category, which is why the ethic aspects are central motive for their analysis of nation.
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The absolute I and the conception of knowledge in the philosophy of J. G. Fichte
Kollert, Lukáš ; Karásek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Landa, Ivan (referee)
This bachelor thesis outlines basic features of object-consciousness and tries to show that it must be grounded in a "consciousness" of another type, which doesn't have the structure (non-identity of subject and object) characteristic for the consciousness of an object. The pre- reflective relation of the self to itself or immediate "consciousness" of the self is identified as a basis enabling self-(re)cognition in reflexion. The next step puts forward one of reasons to ascribe this relation of the self to itself to the self-positing absolute I (here the absence of subject-object difference is typical). The fourth chapter addresses questions concerning the possibility to explain the object-consciousness and the presence of manifold in the I from the standpoint of unlimited and self-identical absolute I. It further distinguishes several forms of realism and idealism rejected by Fichte himself and follows the course leading to Fichte's own position, i. e. real-idealism or ideal-realism. Finally, the text discusses in detail the concept of "check" (Anstoß), which is understood as one of the key concepts of the early science of knowledge. Key words: Fichte, science of knowledge, self-consciousnes, object-consciousness, absolute I, check, idealism, realism, sensation, reflection
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The Ideological Foundations of American Foreign Policy: John Lock's liberalism
Kárník, Jan ; Franěk, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Main focus of this bachelor thesis is the influence of John Locke's political theory on American foreign policy. Its aim is to reveal the colonial context of Locke's theory and link it with American exceptionalism and also to identify some features of Locke's theory with the "War on Terror" and the so-called "Bush Doctrine". Two dichotomies typical of American foreign policy studies are being examined, realism-idealism and isolationism-expansionism. To understand them better, the thesis examines briefly the history of the early American republic with an emphasis on the so-called Monroe Doctrine. In conclusion, the author states that the tradition of American foreign policy is rather expansionist and unilateralist then isolationist and that it is hard to place it clearly in the realism-idealism dichotomy. Locke's political theory is found at the core of American exceptionalism and idealism and some features of Locke' theory are found in the "War on Terror" and in the "Bush doctrine". At the end it is argued, that it is necessary to keep in mind the eurocentrism of Locke's theory and the ideological nature of American exceptionalism when studying American foreign policy.
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Goethe's Phenomenology
Bojda, Martin ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Nitsche, Martin (referee) ; Sobotka, Milan (referee)
Goethe' s Phenomenology - Abstract The aim of this thesis was to explain the philosophical foundations and horizons of the work of Johann Wolfgang Goethe, with an emphasis on his concept of phenomenon and appearing, in which he is presented as a significant contributor to the reflection of the category of mediation in German late Enlightenment and idealistic discourse. The work showed how Goethe's (including poetic) works show some theoretically based or systematizable aspects which genealogy, reception and applicability in general the author attempts to interpret. He also interprets the philosophemes connected with Goethe's work: he puts Goethe in the contexts of the German and European thinking of the age of the Enlightenment, of its rationalist bases and of its rethinking of the nineteenth- century concepts of thought. The work shows the breadth and complexity of Goethe's spiritual resources and their creative appropriation by him, as well as the far-reaching influence of Goethe on the German philosophy already in his time (Hegel, Schelling, Schopenhauer, etc.). He tries to overcome the stereotypes or shortcomings he finds in several previous interpretations, discussing first the philosophical literature about Goethe. In systematic and historical contexts, he represents Goethe confrontations with the...
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The legacy of Versailles and the reflection of the peace conference in the 20th century
Halásová, Michaela ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The presented diploma thesis deals with the issue of the legacy and reflection of the peace conference in the 20th century, through the theories of realism and idealism. The theoretical part presents the key theories of realism and idealism, from the perspective of several authors, as well as the first great debate in the sector of international relations. The distribution of forces at the peace conference in Paris is described in more detail, all the treaties forming the Versailles peace system are presented, and attention was also paid to the process of establishing the League of Nations. The main part of the work contains an analysis of the situation during the interwar period, with an emphasis on the sustainability of the idealistic peace concept, which contrasted with the realistic activities of individual states. Based on this, the main goal of the work is to answer the questions what caused the failure of the system of collective security, the demise of the League of Nations, as well as the possible transcendence of peace treaties to the present. Key words Peace conference, idealism, realism, interwar period, Versailles peace system, League of Nations
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