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E-governmemt in the Czech Republic
Janota, Martin ; Mates, Pavel (advisor) ; Toth, Petr (referee)
Práce se zabývá problémem elektronické komunikace ve vztazích mezi orgány veřejné správy a občany. Nejprve se věnuje samotnému pojmu e-governmentu, jeho vývoji ve světě, v Evropské unii a v České republice a přínosům a problémům, které jsou s elektronickou správou spojeny. Následně zkoumá současnou situaci na poli elektronické komunikace orgánů státu a občanů v České republice, problém zabezpečení předávaných dokumentů pomocí elektronického podpisu a dále představuje některá funkční řešení, která jsou v České republice v této oblasti již k dispozici.
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Evaluation and motivation in public administration
Vašíčková, Natálie ; Mitwallyová, Helena (advisor) ; Vláčil, Jan (referee)
The theme of the bachelor thesis is the evaluation and motivation of employees in public administration. The introductory part outlines the evaluation and motivation of employees on a general level, and then describes the specifics applicable for public administration. The practical part is focused on the evaluation and motivation systems used at selected institutions of public administration. It aims to assess these systems, suggest possible recommendations and find out whether the systems in use include modern management methods, such as evaluation interviews, competency models and regular system of employee evaluation as such. The research method consisted of interviews with human resources managers at selected institutions of public administration. Complementary information was obtained from materials created by these institutions themselves. All institutions of public administration are governed by Act No. 234/2014 Coll. on Civil Service, enshrining the evaluation of state employees. However, it depends on whether employees are evaluated formally, or if additional evaluation tools beyond the framework of the law are deployed, e.g. competency models. Officials of territorial authorities are subject to Act No. 312/2002 Coll., which does not explicitly define employee evaluation, yet employees are evaluated at many regional as well as local administration units. The results of the research survey confirmed that modern management methods are used in public administration and that the evaluation systems do not have any significant shortcomings.
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Economy of Chile in 1960s and 1970s with Accent on Market Reforms after 1973
Strejčková, Klára ; Pekárek, Štěpán (advisor) ; Ševčík, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis puts the stress on the analysis of economic reforms approved in Chile in the 60's and 70's years of the 20th century. The focus of this work is profoundly dedicated to the analysis of two important macroeconomic indicators: developments of inflation and trade exports, bearing in mind the context of the coup in 1973 which is seen as a direct consequence of the communist rule of the Salvador Allende's Cabinet (1970-1973). The Allende's Cabinet strove to transform the Chilean economic society into a socialist one. The bachelor thesis has validated a hypothesis stating that the pro-market reforms approved after 1973 led to diversification of the Chilean export as well as a gradual and progressive stabilization of the country's inflation that had reached as 350 % during the socialist Allende's government. This work brings a comparison of two very different economic doctrines that formed Chile in the 70's of the last century. There is being compared a socialist government approach, having focused on nationalizing of the private sector, to the liberal government's approach aimed at decreasing the public sector, privatization as well as tearing down international trade barriers.
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The development of a central government since 1868
Schmied, Petr ; Matula, Miloš (advisor) ; Grospič, Jiří (referee)
The content of this thesis is to analyze the development of the central state administration on the territory of today's Czech and Slovak Republic in the years 1868 - 1993 In this period there was much public and political changes, so work includes the political and social development. The aim is to determine whether the state organization and political representation impact on the public administration. The work is based on an analysis of the laws that shaped the system of government, and professional publications.
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Liability of governing bodies of limited companies agaist third parties for a breach of duty in the course of performance of function from a comparative perspective
Hradil, Petr ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
Liability of governing bodies of limited companies against third parties for a breach of duty in the course of performance of function from a comparative perspective The thesis deals with the legal liability of company representatives, an important theme for several reasons. One is the fact that companies are legal persons, or entities which do not exist in reality and whose intentions are realised through persons distinct from them, namely their representatives. Both legislation and the memorandum of association impose many duties on representatives which must be fulfilled. It may happen that these duties are breached, resulting in damage to a company, its associates, and other neutral parties, most often the company's creditors. We must consider if the legal order should pierce the veil around companies and allow the possibility of persons acting on a company's behalf to be directly sanctioned. The thesis attempts to analyse the circumstances under which company representatives should be directly liable for their actions. With regard to the fact that the legislation is not developed in the Czech Republic, I had to work with foreign examples and deduce which provisions of Czech law might be useful for the development of the theory. The first four chapters present and deal with concepts which are...
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Korupce v křesťanském národě: „Ovlivňuje křesťanská víra úroveň korupce ve společnosti?“
Kraus, František ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
What are the determinants of corruption? This thesis builds upon contemporary approaches to assessing the level of corruption in different countries using purely economic determinants such as the aggregate income, level of education, openness to trade or taxation. This method is further enhanced by involving variables mapping the religiosity of the surveyed states as institutional determinants. Faith works as an agent that reduces selfish behavior and stresses moral values, thus it should prove to reduce corruption. The dataset involves data of 30 countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in the years 1999-2010. Two independent OLS models are set up using corruption perception indicators as endogenous variables; one with purely economic determinants, and the other with added religious determinants of corruption. Expansion of the model gives out a more robust set of results with greater determination. The results show that increasing number of Protestants in a society correlates with lower levels of corruption. The effect of the government spending on education has been considerably reduced after involving the religious variables. However, corruption does not seem to be influenced by the percentage of Christians in total population.
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Income tax in the Czech republic and the European union
Nováková, Marta ; Marková, Hana (referee) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
Taxes, one of the basic fiscal instruments, form the important part of the revenue of the national budget and thus enable the state to carry out its basic functions concerning especially the allocation of monetary resources into areas like health care, social services, defence and justice. At the time of socialism the economy in some European countries was in a deep crisis. The states reacted to recession resulting from the ineffective economy by taking loans from abroad. In order to overcome such debts the states started to impose the higher tax rates on the population which enables the economies slowly to grow. As a result, the governments were gradually able to reduce the tax rates, which had a favourable impact on population as well as on enterprises. The ex- socialistic European countries progressively try to catch up the advanced countries and their standart of living and taxation is an indispensable tool how to achieve this purpose. In Europe there were several tax reforms in last years, most of them in ex- socialistic European countries. In those reforms some interesting items occurred that could be taken over in other countries. Each state has the right to determine the conditions of tax collection from taxable entities within its territory. Tax liability is established by tax laws. In each...
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Legal regulation of the creation and protection of the Natura 2000 system
Fabiánová, Lucie ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
The topic of my thesis is "Legal regulation of the creation and protection of the Natura 2000 system". The aim of my thesis is to provide analysis of legal sources relating to Natura 2000, both international and Czech and EU level. In this context, I have dealt with the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union from the year 2007 to 2010, which addressed the Natura 2000 and contributed to the interpretation of relevant provisions. Particular attention was devoted issue of public contracts covered by the Act No. 114/1992 Coll. on nature and landscape, as one of the ways the creation and protection of the Natura 2000system. The most important of the rules governing the European Union's law Natura 2000 are Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora, which together with Council Directive 2009/147/EC on the conservation of wild birds are the cornerstones of conservation of the European Union. An important source for the interpretation of EU laws are judgements of the Court of Justice of the European Union. These judgments concerning Natura 2000 can be divided into two circles of problems. The first circle of problems is the misconduct in the creation of the protected area within the Natura 2000 and the second is the misconduct in the...
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Theory and practices of the system of regional self-government in the Czech Republic - the South Moravian region (a case study)
Caletka, Stanislav ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee)
My graduation thesis deals with the theory and practices of regional self- government units in the Czech Republic. It analyses its functions as they were drawn up at the turn of millennium. The graduation thesis consists of two parts. The first theoretical part deals with the function of regional self-government units in general. After a brief description of the history of these units on the Czech territory - with focus on discussions on the establishment of higher self-governmental units in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic after 1993 - a theoretical framework of the regional self-government units is described in the chapters and sub-chapters. I discuss the problems of functions and competences of regional bodies (the Regional Assembly, the Regional Committee, the President and the Regional Services) and relations among them. The information resources of the first part were especially the Law No 129/2000 Coll. on regional self-government units and a number of scientific publications of legal and political science literature. In addition, there are discussed tasks of regional elections according to the Law No 130/2000 Coll. on elections to the regional assemblies and in respect of results of regional elections in 2000 and 2004. Currently, the chapter focused on regional...
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Comparison of impacts of oil crisis in 70´s on USA automotive industry
Kopřiva, Jaroslav ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The main objective of this work is to prove the hypothesis that the oil shock of the year 1979 didn't have a negative impacts on the US automotive industry. Solution of this hypothesis is not found in the period of the second oil shock, but in the years 1973 and 1974, when the first oil crisis broked out. As a result of its development the United Sta-tes Government was forced to take a number of measures to mitigate their impacts. The-se administrative measures touched not only consumers, but also the energy industry. Using the government's measures laws regulating driving conditions on roads were mo-dified, technological innovations in the automotive industry were financially supported, oil supplies were diversified, an attempt to increase domestic mining was carried out, prices of oil products were regulated. However, those measures couldn't fully manifest in the second oil crisis, because they haven't been completed or haven't worked. The automotive industry had to adapt to new trends and customer requirements for cars with lower fuel consumption and it invested billions of dollars in new technology in the mid 70s. Other changes have taken place in the production and sales strategies to prevent or largely eliminate the sharp falls in sales and production.
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