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The phenomenon of the new
Hodec, Markus E. ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Stenger, Georg (referee) ; Schmiedl-Neuburg, Hilmar (referee)
The present work on the phenomenon of the new sees itself as an introductory structure of kainology. In doing so, it is pursuing two goals. On the one hand, it seeks the establishment of a new philosophical concept and an independent philosophical method, kainology. On the other hand, the main scope of this investigation applies to the problematization of the phenomenon of the new. In order to take a systematic look at the new, the work is divided into three sections, each of which produces its own partial result. The first section deals with the history of the new. Exemplifying the ontological opposition of Heraclitus and Parmenides, the new emerges as a phenomenon that can be treated more precisely in terms of becoming rather than in terms of being. The second section is dedicated to the method. The kainological method is based on the one hand on dialectics as formulated by Hegel and further developed by Adorno. On the other hand, kainology borrows from the method of phenomenology, namely Husserl's. The complementarity of the two pioneering achievements results in four main methodological elements for kainology: first person singular, from fact to Wesen, the included middle and subject-object. After the history of the new has been traced and the method of kainology established, it is time to examine the...
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The expression of negation in Czech sign language
Hendrychová, Lucie ; Okrouhlíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis is the first material focused on the expression of negation in Czech sign language. It shows the most frequent mediums of manual and non-manual negation excerpted from the recording of natural communications between native deaf speakers, users of Czech sign language. This thesis also presents how to express negation in spoken languages and in some of the foreign sign languages.
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Logical problems zebra with pupils in primary school
Laštovková, Tereza ; Slezáková, Jana (advisor) ; Havlíčková, Radka (referee)
This diploma thesis is focusing on analysis of logical zebra problems and finding strategies of pupils solutions and development of these strategies in primary school. For this diploma thesis was created two gradation of those logical problems for pupils from the 1st - 5th class in primary school. Theoretical part is focused on characteristics of logical problems zebra, its definition, history of logical problems zebra and its todays use. In more detail it is based on examples and ways of strategies, how to solve these problems, like with tablets or full charts and so on. It's also focused on parameters of gradation, which serve the possibilities of making gradation for pupils in primary school in the next part, the research part. Research part is based on description and comments of pupils strategies in solving logical problems zebra in two gradation, wich contains ten tasks.. Research part shows how pupils can develop their solving strategies based on their experience with solving logical problems zebra, with described phenomena for pupils solution and for tasks. KEY WORDS graded parameters of problems, context of problems, logic, negation, problems with conditions, relations, solving strategy of pupils in primary school, table as tool for problem solving
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Expletive "ne" in Contemporary French
Raisová, Kateřina ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Nováková, Sylva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is dealing with the expletive ne in Contemporary French. The theoretical part describes the particular use of the morpheme ne (that has no influence on the designation of a sentence) listing the possible contexts in which it can be used. Two main presumptions shape the analysis. First, this phenomenon is an attribute to a higher literary style. Secondly, the expletive ne has the ability to change the meaning of a sentence. The two hypotheses are examined on the corpus material of The Czech National Corpus. In the first phase a comparison of the frequency of the expletive ne is done on four types of texts - novels, journalism, texts from the internet and the film subtitles. It follows that the type of text influences the frequency of expletive ne in the text. However, the novels did not prove to be using it systematically the most. The second phase of the empirical part analyses in details the concrete examples from the french novels both with and without the expletive ne.
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Negative intensification in spoken British English
Löblová, Alžběta ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Klégr, Aleš (referee)
The BA thesis examines means of intensification of negation in British spoken English. Since intensification is generally associated with adverbials, more precisely with adverbs of degree, another aim of the study is to prove there are other than lexical means of intensification. For it is focused on the spoken language, which is natural, unplanned, improvised, it includes constructions that are regarded as ungrammatical in Standard English, but occur widely in the material used, namely the demographically sampled sub-corpus of the British National Corpus. Drawing on Dušková et al. (1988) and Biber et al. (1999) the thesis defines negation and intensification, and their mutual interaction and relation. Based on the findings of Palacios- Martínez (1996), the thesis aims at suggesting a suitable classification of the means of negative intensification provided by the corpus-based study. keywords: intensification, intensifier, negation, speech, colloquial language
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Role of indeterminance in literary work
Marković, Maša ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Kubalík, Štěpán (referee)
In this paper I focused mainly on "indeterminacy" as a term which functions in literary theory. This paper was based on analysis of phenomenological approach of Roman Ingarden, on theory of Reception Aesthetics of Wolfgang Iser and on the theory of Fictional Worlds by Lubomir Doležela. I have analyzed the indeterminacy in relation to the literary work and what function does it have when fictional worlds are constructed. It was ascertained that its function has changed in time. This paper's focus was on aesthetic reception in relation to the gaps and blanks which originate from literary work. One part of this thesis was dedicated to construction of fictional and possible worlds and their relation to the indeterminacy. Indeterminacy in this paper was presented as indispensible part of the aesthetic reception.
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On the Use of the Conjunctions bis, bevor and ehe in the present German language and their translation into Czech
Trojanová, Jana ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the use of conjunctions bis, bevor and ehe in the present German language. The characterization of them in grammar books and selected textbooks is compared, special attention is given to the difference between anteriority and posteriority and the synonymity between conjunctions bevor and ehe. There are also concerned the problems of translation of these conjunctions into Czech. One part is dedicated to the searching of sentences which are related with the future and in which occur conjunctions bis, bevor and ehe in the sense of anteriority. With conjunctions bevor and ehe the use of implicit negation is crucial. Keywords: anteriority, posteriority, negation, tense combinations
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The expression of negation in Czech sign language
Hendrychová, Lucie ; Okrouhlíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis is the first material focused on the expression of negation in Czech sign language. It shows the most frequent mediums of manual and non-manual negation excerpted from the recording of natural communications between native deaf speakers, users of Czech sign language. This thesis also presents how to express negation in spoken languages and in some of the foreign sign languages.
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