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Dramatic Responses to Molière's Misanthrope
Zahálka, Michal ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Sarkissian, Alena (referee)
English abstract The thesis follows the phenomenon of sequels to Molière's The Misanthrope as they appeared in French (mostly dramatic) literature in various eras and socio- political situations - ranging from the times of the French revolution up to the 1990s. The main interest in examining those texts is finding a standpoint each author takes within the ongoing disputes of the original play's interpretation (using the famous dispute between Rousseau and d'Alembert as a basic distinction in those disputes) and describing strategies of each author's work with the story and characterisation of key characters in the plays. Critical responses to the plays and their staging are discussed wherever possible. In the conclusion, the plays are compared analytically and possible trends in the approach to the material are outlined: the focus visibly shifts from the philosophical questions of the play to the unfulfilled love affair between Alceste and Celimene over the years.
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Education of Noble Women in the Bohemian Lands, 18th - 19th Centuries
Broulímová, Olga ; Velek, Luboš (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
(in English): The presented bachelor's thesis is going to outline the progress and the form of an educational process of girls in an aristocratic environment in the Bohemian Lands, particularly in the 18th - 19th century. By using literature sources and graduate's works, it describes the education of noble girls from their birth up to the completion of the educational process in the convent school or by an educational trip to Europe, respectively up to the weddings and starting their own families. Besides the requirements for education of noble children, including specific structure of subjects, the thesis pays attention to the people who provide upbringing and teaching - that are nannies, governesses and teachers. The thesis also deals with the Enlightenment and educational views of contemporary thinkers from John Locke to Johann Friedrich Herbart. By way of example of educational instructions and reflections written by noble ladies, the phenomenon of enlightened "new mother" is demonstrated. The institutions providing support and education to unmarried noble women and girls from impoverished families, such as the institutes for noble women and foundation, are mentioned as well.
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Luigi Angiolini - Life in Service to Tuscany
Prokopová, Oldřiška ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Klusáková, Luďa (referee)
This bachelor's thesis presents in a chronological order, the life of a Tuscan aristocrat Luigi Angiolini (1750-1821). He was a writer, traveller and diplomat, active in the period of the Habsburg reforms, the French Revolution, the Napoleonic rule, and the restoration in Italy. Based on the available literature and sources, this thesis maps Angiolini's youth, his journey to England and Scotland, his diplomatic career in Paris in the service of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, as well as his final years spent in the countryside with his family. Angiolini's varied life and his openness to modern ideas allow for conceiving this protagonist as a typical man of his times, while on the basis of his interests and activities simultaneously elucidating the entire historical period in a wider context.
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Honour and virtue in signo temporis. On examples of female figures in G. E. Lessings's, F. Hebbel's and A. Schnitzler's works.
Poláčková, Zuzana ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
The subject of this thesis was virtue and honour in signo temporis. It means that I've tried to focus on the concept of virtue and honour in a certain time period. I have chosen three different literary periods and three works as their representatives. It was the bourgeois tragedy "Emilia Galotti" by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, as the representative of the Enlightenment. For the first half of the 19th century I've chosen also a bourgeois tragedy "Maria Magdalena" by Friedrich Hebbel. And as the third example I analysed the novella "Fräulein Else" by Arthur Schnitzler. All of the three heroines are daugthers, who are strongly influenced by this fact. All of them find a tragic end. Two of them commit suicide and one persuades her own father to kill her. The fathers are also an important part of the plot, because their largely contribute to death of their daughters. Emilia in "Emilia Galotti" is stabbed by her own father, after she persuades him to kill her, because she is afraid of losing her virtue, which is at that times related with religion and identified with chastity. In the first half of the 19th century the religious aspect was still a part of the concept of virtue and honour. But the honour was now perceived more in the way of reputation. Klara in "Maria Magdalena", who lost her virtue by...
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Search of happiness in Voltaire's novels
Pokšteflová, Marie ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor) ; Jamek, Václav (referee)
My diploma thesis called Search of happiness in Voltaire's novels aims to analyse the theme of happiness in prose works Micromegas, L'Ingénu, Zadig and Candide. The analysis is preceded by an introduction showing the evolution of the theme of happiness through different historical periods. This theoretical part is also followed by a definition of philosophical novel as a typical Voltaire's way of expressing his philosophical thoughts. The analysis itself underlines common points of view found in the novels which all describe a world full of evil, disasters and misfortune. Good and honest heroes enter into this bad world and they struggle to find their place in the sun. Their nice personalities present a big contrast to the merciless world which surrounds them. The analysed examples from novels highlight major problems in Voltaire's time but a lot of parallels are found in today's world. I systematically pay attention to these parallels throughout the diploma. The analysis leads to the description of incorrigibly bad world, where only small islands of happiness can be found represented by friendship and love. We can only deal with such a life thanks to a meaningful activity which can make it bearable. The philosopher's approach to the theme which still captures people's attention is evaluated in the...
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The Concept of Autonomy : (conditions of modern subjectivity and historicity of the concept of law)
Janoščík, Václav ; Kühn, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee)
of the diploma thesis Janoščík Václav The Concept of Autonomy (Conditions of modern subjectivity, of the concept of law and of historicity) Submitted thesis aims at articulation of the concept of autonomy in its complexity. At first it pursues specific contexts of the notion to arrive at its structure. At first we try to explore prospective of analytical philosophy of law to situate the concept of autonomy to the heart of the idea of law. This efforts unfolds itself by an unorthodox interpretation of natural right theory of Herbert Hart's early work. Second chapter discusses the framework of the philosophy of history, that are based on the idea of an autonomous subject. Seemingly paradoxical linkage of Heidegger's fundamental ontology and Kosík's dialectics of the particular articulates the historical function of the autonomy. Next chapter connects Kosík with Cornelius Castoriadis in the perspective of social theories. Also in their normative core we can identify our notion of autonomy. Fourth chapter follows the theory of disenchantment of the world of Marcel Gauchet. We reformulate it as a realization of the ideal of autonomous subject in order to contextualize the concept historically. Last topic of the first part is the framework of the intellectual history. Here we situate Dieter Henrich and...
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