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Time and its perception in Heinrich Böll's early short stories
Johnová, Kateřina ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Smyčka, Václav (referee)
Heinrich Böll's early prose was written in a contemporary context, which was to a large extent influenced by the concept of the historical presence, resp. by the end of the World War II as "Zero Hour" (Stunde Null), and they have numerous connections to this context. Even in their titles, there are often time motives. This bachelor thesis carries out a narratological analysis of the time arrangement of the narration of four short stories and focuses also on the perception and conception of time by their characters. It offers an answer to the questions of whether these concepts correspond more to an open or closed, linear or cyclical concept of time, or they displace the category of time; whether the time of the story is teleological (e.g. in the sense of 'destiny'), or its centre represents a shock that can be overcome ('crisis'), or whether the stories constitute a conflict of several such conceptions of time. The thesis monitors continuously the significance of the findings in relation to the non-literary perception of the historical time. It is based on the analysis of the short story Der Zug war pünktlich and then includes other short stories Damals in Odessa, Geschäft ist Geschäft, Nicht nur zur Weihnachtszeit.
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Language performance and criticism of language in Ödön von Horváth's play "Tales from the Vienna woods"
Bayer, Matyáš ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Stefan, Katrin (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the subject of language performance and critique of language in the play Tales from the Vienna Woods, which is due to the life and the dramaturgic intentions of Ödön von Horváth an essential topic and a means of artistic expression of this author. By analyzing the use of the language of the church, morality, and politics as well as the significant stylistic issues and relevant nonverbal factors, the thesis explains various forms of language performance, the most dominant of which are the language mechanisms used by the characters in order to hide their true intentions. Subsequently, those cases of language performance that are referred to in the literature on the subject as Bildungsjargon are being analyzed to assess the discrepancy between the language and the thinking, as this phenomenon plays a decisive role in Horváth's critique of the contemporary petite bourgeoisie. In the last part of the thesis, attention is also paid to the research literature regarding this matter and to the recurring overinterpretation of language in Horváth's play. Keywords: Ödön von Horváth - Tales from the Vienna Woods - language performance - critique of language - Bildungsjargon
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The Characters of Children at the Work of Adalbert Stifter
Petrusová, Kateřina ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
Petrusová, Kateřina (2011): The Characters of Children at the Work of Adalbert Stifter. Prague: Institute of Germanic Studies, Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague. This thesis deals with the role of children at the work of Adalbert Stifter, an Austrian author of the first half of the 19th century, born in Horni Plana (Oberplan) in Southern Bohemia. Adalbert Stifter was not just a writer and a painter but also a pedagogue (he worked as a supervisor of elementary schools for Upper Austria). All these activities, in association with his life experience and personal problems, were reflected in his literary work. I mainly focus on his three works: collections Studies (Studien), Colored Stones (Bunte Steine) and the novel (Bildungsroman) Indian Summer (Der Nachsommer). Childhood already appears in his early work, considered as a period of human development (Menschenwerdung). In Stifter's later stories, for example in his collection Bunte Steine, the characters of children are at the forefront: they are always confronted with the adult world and especially with the powerful laws of nature. This relationship is formulated in the foreword to this collection in the form of Stifter's gentle law (das sanfte Gesetz). The whole concept of the child is completed in the novel Der Nachsommer, where a...
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The comparison of Grillparzer's and Horn's King Ottokar and the response of Czech cultural public to both plays
Mišoňová, Anežka ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
This dissertation commences with a short overview of German and Czech poetry, drama and fiction on the Bohemian King Přemysl Ottokar II. The second chapter discusses the times in which the tragedy König Ottokars Glück und Ende by Franz Grillparzer was written, and the circumstances of its creation - including information on censorship, critical reaction by Czechs in Vienna, Grillparzer's relation to the Bohemians as well as a description of his stays in Moravia and Prague. The third chapter is concerned with the life of Uffo Daniel Horn, particularly with his political engagement with the revolution of 1848 and with changes in his relation to the Czech nation before and after the revolution. The fourth chapter offers comparisons of Horn's two versions of König Otakar, and of Grillparzer's and Horn's plays - in the light of their construction, action, protagonists and their characteristics. The final chapter deals with the responses of the Czech cultural public, in chronological order.
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Depiction of children in folk and art fairy tales
Zálešáková, Eva ; Weinberg, Manfred (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
This thesis deals with analysis of the characters of children in selected folk and art fairy tales in German Romanticism of the 19th century. First of all, the term ʻfairy taleʼ will be explained along with its history and research. After that the European folk and art fairy tales and their differences will be defined. In the following chapter, the character of the child in the folk fairy tale ʻMarienkindʼ (which is the part of the brother Grimms' fairy tales collection Kinder- und Hausmärchen) will be compared with the character of the child in the art fairy tale ʻZwerg Naseʼ (written by Wilhelm Hauff). The thesis will concentrate both on external and internal profile of the child and on living conditions and family constellations in which the children are depicted. Moreover, the moral ideas that are mediated by behaviour will be analysed. The most important subject of this thesis is to show the differences in the depiction of children in the folk and art fairy tales and thereby to prove that the art fairy tale is separate literary genre.
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Freudian psychoanalysis and the literature of Vienna's modern art in chosen texts by Arthur Schnitzler and Stefan Zweig.
Čepelková, Lucie ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
Subject of the present thesis is an analysis of relations between Freudian psychoanalysis and the literature of Vienna's modern art in chosen texts by Arthur Schnitzler and Stefan Zweig. At first, thesis gives an overview of Freudian way to psychoanalysis, topic of sexuality and his attitude to Vienna and to anti-Semitism. These explanations are followed by a portrait of two Freudian compositions - Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming and Sexual Morality and Modern Nervosity (both 1908). Then Vienna's modern art and the authors Arthur Schnitzler and Stefan Zweig with their works Fraulein Else (1924) and Amok (1922) are explained. KEYWORDS Psychoanalysis, Vienna's modern Art, Stefan Zweig, Arthur Schnitzler, Sigmund Freud
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Necrophilia as a love to the future: (De-)construction of the history in selected dramas of Heiner Müller
Šemberová, Daria ; Weinberg, Manfred (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
Keywords: GDR literature, historical drama, postdramatic theatre, history, memory, Heiner Müller, Walter Benjamin, Bertolt Brecht, Lehrstück Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to analyse the representation of the German history and its relation with the reality of the GDR in selected dramas by Heiner Müller (1929-1995): Germania Death in Berlin, Germania 3 Ghosts at Dead Man, Life of Gundling Frederick of Prussia Lessing's Dream Sleep Scream, The Battle, The Horatian and The Hamletmachine. The main focus of interest is also the approach of the playwright to selected literary and theatrical genres as historical drama, Lehrstück and postdramatic theatre. The philosophical background of the analysis is based mainly on Walter Benjamin's essay On the Concept of History and his description of the painting Angelus Novus by Paul Klee. Furthermore, the thesis examines the methods of dramatization in Heiner Müller's plays.
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Between Critique and Inner Emigration: Ernst Wiechert in the Third Reich
Bolková, Barbora ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
Based on a narrative structure and historical context of literary works and other articles of the author, this thesis is supposed to answer a question how Ernst Wiechert's work reflects his personal and authorship development and above all his attitude to the Nazism regime. It shows in which points his early production is similar to ideologeme of German national socialism and how the author distances from them later. The thesis describes the character of his regime critics in political and moral polarity as well as the reason for the author's inside transformation from critics to Inner Emigration.
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