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Missionary Jan Kořiska and the end of recatholization in Moravia
Kadlec, Daniel ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the life of a priest and missionary Jan Kořiska (1730 - 1790?), the most diligent performer of recatholization in the last generation of Moravian missionaries. The thesis is the first attempt at a complex view of this priest's life. It proceeds both from ecclesiastical and profane archive sources, mostly never used previously. These are mainly the protocols of Olomouc Episcopal Consistory, files of Brno Gubernium and Tribunal concerning secret non-Catholics in Moravia and (partially published) documents from the investigation of Wallachian rebellion in 1777. The aim of this thesis is to show the mutual communication between surviving baroque and emerging enlightenment mentalities and to complete the series of events which lead to the issue of the Patent of Toleration.
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M. J. Fesl, J. F. Hurdálek and the Bolzanism in the Litoměřice Priestly Seminary
Pichnerová, Anna ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Pokorná, Magdaléna (referee)
The present thesis deals with the life and work of the Czech-German priest Michael Joseph Fesl (1788- 1864), one of the most important followers of Bernard Bolzano and a leading representative of his school of thought. It follows him especially in the context of Bolzanism as it developed in the Leitmeritz seminary where Fesl was a preses. In this context, the thesis also notes the personality and work of Bishop Josef František Hurdálek (1747-1833), who was affected by the trial of the Bolzanians in a similarly tangible way as Fesl. However, it does not neglect the fate of these personalities after they were forced to leave the seminary. It follows Fesl during his years of involuntary exile in Austria. It does not omit also other aspects of Fesl's activities either, such as the publication of Bolzano's works abroad (especially in Sulzbach, Bavaria), or the bequest of books to the Czech National Museum in the spirit of Bolzanist charity. With the help of sources such as correspondence and articles of reminiscence in the contemporary press, the thesis tries to capture the way of working and the atmosphere of the Leitmeritz seminary. It seeks to interpret in the light of the religious thought of the Bolzanists and in the context of Enlightenment Catholicism in general Fesl's works, for the example the...
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The Image of Turks in the novel of Jozef Ignác Bajza
Pomykáčová, Kristína ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Pokorná, Magdaléna (referee)
Bachelor thesis is based on main masterpiece of Catholic priest Jozef Ignác Bajza, first novel written in Slovak The Adventure and Experiences of the Young Man René. The novel consists of two volumes, meanwhile this paper is primarily focused on the first one, where writer depicts manners and traditions in Muslim milieu. We point out, that Bajza represents very important phase of evolution of Slovak language. He realized an unsubstitutable role of national literary language and by his work he was trying to demonstrate that Slovak language is capable of literary works. Bajza's language was not codified, that is the reason why the language was not accepted as the Bernolak's, and stayed aside on the edge of the interest. In bachelor thesis we try to point out the way how was at todays Slovakia thinking about region of Orient with further focus on Turks. We do not try to sum up knowledge about Muslim culture or identity, but to present the method how in Slovak area people were thinking about Turkish ethnic. And for that aim we use Bajza's novel. Key words The Adventures and Experiences of the Young Man René, Turkish ethnic, novel, oriental elements, Slovak, Ottoman Empire
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Wenzel Trnka von Krzowitz - Physician across the Habsburg Empire
Jurámiková, Babeta ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Liepoldová, Tereza (referee)
Wenzel Trnka von Krzowitz (1739-1791), born in Tabor, was one of the most prominent figures of modern university medical education in Hungarian Kingdom, which was established by Gerhard van Swieten. He founded the first Hungarian medical faculty, and it was Václav Trnka who was personally selected as professor of anatomy. During his career as a professor, he wrote a considerable number of works that made him famous in medical circles throughout Europe. However, this renowned physician has fallen into obscurity over time and his personality is now almost unknown. The aim of this thesis is to describe the crucial aspects of his life utilizing fragment analysis and thus provide a closer understanding of his life circumstances. The second part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of his works in comparison with contemporary knowledge, but also by placing them in a contemporary context. Keywords: medicine, Hungarian Kingdom, medical faculty, Václav Trnka of Křovice, Gerhard van Swieten, sciatica, malaria, tetanus, diabetes, haemorrhoids, Semmelweis university, University of Trnava
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The Social Role of Baroque Dance as an Expression of French Culture in the 17th-18th Century
Suldovská, Klára ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The thesis deals with the French Baroque dance la belle danse and its social context. The author proceeds by defining the concept of Baroque dance, which she characterizes in terms of dance style, and presents the sources from which we infer the form of the dance and the movement register (i.e. mainly French dance manuals). The analysis focuses on social dance, which is defined using Andriy Nahachevsky's typology of presentational and participatory dances. In the second chapter, the author places the phenomenon of dance in a broader cultural context, describing its importance in early modern society and the opportunities for dance. She emphasizes social dance, which was an integral part of Baroque festivals and balls. The important role of dance in the education of the nobleman and the role of the dance master is not overlooked. The following chapter traces whether and how the French dance style was reflected in the Czech lands. The fourth chapter is the core of the thesis, in which the author explores the social dimension of dance, thus looking at dance as a means of developing the individual's abilities and as an expression or a way of acquiring proper social etiquette. She analyses passages on social conventions and etiquette contained in selected dance manuals of the period (especially those of...
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Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period
Hrudka, Jan ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Přírodovědecká fakulta Studijní program: Filosofie a dějiny přírodních věd MUDr. Jan Hrudka Nádory v dějinném a kulturním kontextu v novověku Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period Disertační práce Školitel / Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Stanislav Komárek, Dr. Praha, 2017 SUMMARY: The PhD thesis called Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period is an attempt to describe a change of medical thinking in modern period; science and medicine turns from antique humoral pathology, explaining all diseases as an imbalance of the four body humours, to pathological anatomy and experimental physiology. In the point of view of pathological anatomy, the viscera of diseased person are no more "screen" or "mirror" of the disease, but it becomes directly the "stage" or "theatre" of the acting disease. This shift in the thought may be labelled as movement from humoralism to localism or ontologism; the disease isn't just abnormal amount of some natural juice any more, but becomes new original entity. This change undergoes the understanding of tumours and cancerous disease as well. Instead of antique understanding tumours as precipitates of black bile, the cell theory occurs in the 19th century. This theory explains tumours as a mass of cells undergoing excessive...
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The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse
Křivánková, Alena ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse deals with the way Robespierre was described during the era of the Thermidorian Convention (1794 - 1795) and how his image was politically used. The main sources of information are political pamphlets. The first part illustrates the image of the Thermidorian coup and its subsequent legitimization. The second part discusses the personality of Robespierre, symbolizing the embodiment of a certain approach to power and the revolutionary terror, and shows the connection between this notion and political alterations which were taking place in the revolutionary France at that time. The third one characterizes the struggles between Thermidorian left and right wing, and shows, how the image of Robespierre and the denomination "robespierristes" was used during this fight. As a result the negative image of Robespierre was gradually connected to the negative image of Thermidorian left as to the negative image of the Mountain Convention period, whereas it was used to support and legitimize a political turn to the right. Meanwhile, which image of Robespierre prevailed, is given precisely by the victory of the right. Key words: Maximilien Robespierre - French Revolution - Thermidor - propaganda
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World and thoughts of non-tolerated religious communities in eastern bohemia during 18th and 19th centuries
Taich, Tomáš ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The phenomenon of disident religious groups in Bohemia and Moravia in the end of the 18th Century and during 19th Century is tightly connected with illegal protestantism before the tolerationist patent of 1781. These non-tolerated communities surfaced in the same regions as secret evangelical, and then newly formed reformed and lutheran churches. Also their base thoughts were formed by the same book titles as it was with the later official protestants, and the phenomenon is tied with the evangelical church even with a few names of important leaders from the time of illegality. Tolerationist reality was a distinctive move from the times of catholic monopoly, but it offered way too strict rules that did not take in consideration the specific way of Czech reformation. Some of the evangelics then, being raised in family tradition and by hidden and smuggled literature and supported by pietistic churches in Prussia, Silesia and Lustaia, did not always find room for themselves in the newly formed churches and rather postulated themselves as the third, illegal side. As the time went on, their theology seems to accent more of a pantheistic meanings and a radical departure from the common world. Popularity were also gaining different prophecies of religious or social turn over. Later in 19th Century it is quite...
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