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Management of gray water and rain water
Kocourková, Michaela ; Synáčková, Marcela (advisor) ; Renata, Renata (referee)
Evolution and advancements of human activity is unstoppable, still we should not forget about basic natural processes which proceed no matter how man can influence them. Water is one of the main constructors of life and is necessary for function of everything live on the planet Earth. It often is categorized among the inexhaustible resources, still there lacks enough drinkable water. It is consumption grows in recent years with fast development of cities.
It is the most important part of life on Earth and with urbanization and anthropogenic interference water is negatively affected and thus it is processes in nature. Interfering with water cycle makes for higher occurrences of droughts and floods, the quality of water streams suffers. Urban areas lack the surface where water could soak into the subsoil and underground water resources shrink. Through all these influences with which we affect natural water cycles the need for water and its consumption grows in our societies. For effective use of water comes up the idea of using not only the drinkable water but waste water and other types as well. Sources can be various, rain water, reused water.
The focal point of this thesis is to be the impetus of discussion concerning the use of rain water and directly cleaning and reusing the water which comes straight from our homes. Rain water fills up underground water resources and also could be used in place of potable water. Substituting the potable water in activities and industries where such a high quality water is not needed and could be easily replaced with grey water. Grey water, being the waste water that comes from our bathrooms, is easily cleaned and can be used for various necessities. Current state where the potable water is used in absolute majority of human life appears to be extremely wasteful and unecological. Use of grey water and rain water is a possibility of ecological and thrifty water management which could prevent environmental damages and save water resources for the next generations.
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SUDS Application
Němeček, Roman ; Štibinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of rainwater management in a family house.
It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains a literary research pertaining to legislature in the outlined field, describes current solutions to rainwater management as well as history of this issue and explains reasons for it is growing importance on a general scope.
The practical part of the thesis contains assessment of factors influencing the acquisition costs as well as the system maintenance costs. Three versions of the system are in consideration taking intoaccount the number of persons occupying the family house. Factual financial costs are calculated allowing for water saving where the rainwater can be utilized for i.e. washing clothes or toilet flushing. The balance sheet partly contains the calculation of financialreturnability. The house that served as the subject of this thesis is located in in the author is domicile in the village of Arnoltice, Děčín district.
The final part of the thesis summarizes the treated issue and explains it is importance not only from the financial point of view but mainly from the perspective ofits favourable impact on natural environment.
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Smart Metering of Water Supply System at Campus of Faculty of Civil Engineering BUT
Černíková, Eva ; Ručka, Jan (referee) ; Tuhovčák, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to perform an analysis of possibilities and benefits of installing the Smart Water Metering technology at campus of Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology. The main goal was to provide specific solutions of Smart Metering systems from different companies. One part of this thesis is dedicated to a detailed analysis of a water consumption measurement campaign that took place at the beginning of this academic year using dataloggers. Real-time flow rate and consumed volume was recorded every five minutes. Therefore it was possible to determine water consumption patterns during the day and also tell the minimum, maximum and average flow rate in different parts of the campus. Thanks to these measurements, irregular water consumption during the night was observed. This would not have been easily detected without recording real-time data. This system of recording real-time flow rates with dataloggers is considered to be suitable for the needs of faculty. Thanks to a GSM module, recorded values are sent to an FTP server once a day. From there the data can be downloaded to any kind of analysis software. Installation of Smart Water Metering technology at campus of Faculty of Civil Engineering would be beneficial for both operation of the water supply network and also for purposes of an academic research.
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Measurements of small flow in water service connections
Stehlíková, Veronika ; Ševčík, jiří (referee) ; Tuhovčák, Ladislav (advisor)
In the first part of this thesis the basic information about the losses of water and their reporting are described. There are presented the means and methods of reducing water losses and their suitability for use. Finally, general information about water meters are presented and the UFR device is briefly described. The second part of the thesis is devoted to testing water meter and UFR device on specific water connection in a family house. The thesis resulted in the author's general recommendations for owners and operators of water supply networks.
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Shale gas extraction
Podhorský, Jakub ; Brázdil, Marian (referee) ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis on Shale gas extraction describes extraction and world shale gas resources. At the beginning it provides introduction to the terms of geology and overview of historical evolution of extraction and crucial technologies that are currently used in extraction. Shale gas exploration and extraction development is briefly mentioned. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing is then further described and also summary of the equipment is provided. Potential environmental risks associated with extraction or hydraulic fracturing itself are described. Subsequently world shale gas resources and potential extraction places are described. World technically recoverable resources are estimated at 7245 Tcf. Shale gas commercial production is currently underway in the United States, Canada and China.
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Demand and Consumption of Water at the Small Water Systems
Klement, Jan ; Svoboda, Pavel (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of this work is in selected locations to analyze and calculate the actual value of the maximum daily maximum hourly inequality and inequality in selected locations. At the same time, I wanted to point out this work on outdated design values of the maximum daily and maximum hourly uneven unevenness that may be in the design of new or reconstruction of existing supplied area in small communities to make significant problems with the supply of drinking water.
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Sanitation installation in a factory hygienic rooms
Kaplan, Jakub ; Matoušek, Miroslav (referee) ; Vrána, Jakub (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is a proposal for sanitary technology for the installation of sanitary facilities in industry. The theoretical part deals with water consumption, particularly the savings made when properly selected fixtures and fittings are installed. The practical part deals with a calculation of water demand in a factory and the dimensioning of the pipe network i.e. for water supply, sewage drains and storm drains. The output of this thesis is a project which includes process drawings for each level of a construction project.
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Effects of decreasing water requirements at wastewater treatment plant
Benešová, Irena ; Raček, Jakub (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
Bachelard thesis si aimed on impact and consequences of decreasing water consumption on wastewater treatment plant. The thesis concerns with water consumption in the Czech republic and generally in the world, while particular attention is payed to the hygienic minimum of water supplies to citizens; the causes of decrease of water consumption and its consequent impacts on wastewater treatment plant are mentioned, and further is discussed design of both present and new wastewater treatment plants. The thesis compares different existing approaches to indicate the specific need of water for technological objects of wastewater treatment plants. Part of the thesis was survey on water consumption, possibilities of water savings, and recyclation of grey water. The overlarge objects of wastewater treatment plant are the result of decreasing water consumption.
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Water demand a it's determinants in Czech Republic
Vařecha, Lukáš ; Malý, Vítězslav (advisor) ; Slavíková, Lenka (referee)
What are the structure of household water use and the factors determining residential demand for public water? A survey was carried out in rural areas of the Central Moravia Region, providing specific information on the conditions and the characteristics of water use on household level. Collected data are analyzed using multiple regression, revealing use of alternative water sources together with gardening as main determinants of household water demand.
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Národohospodářské modely dopadů opatření politiky životního prostředí na makroekonomické agregáty v České republice
Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, Institut pro ekonomickou a ekologickou politiku při FNH, Praha ; Tošovská, Eva ; Ščasný, Milan ; Slavík, Jan ; Hadrabová, Alena ; Foltýnová, Hana ; Čamrová, Lenka ; Brůha, Jan ; Pavel, Jan
Cílem projektu je na základě ex-post analýzy časových řad identifikovat vliv zaváděných administrativních a ekonomických nástrojů ochrany životního prostředí na makroekonomické agregáty a tyto poznatky využít ke konstrukci makroekonomického modelu, který umožní v budoucnu provádět ex-ante analýzy připravovaných změn. Řešení je rozděleno do osmi částí. V první je proveden rozbor právních norem z oblasti životního prostředí, které byly přijaty během transformace a měly vliv na ekonomické chování firem a domácností. Druhá část je zaměřena na sektor domácností a analyzuje faktory, které ovlivňují výdaje domácností na energie a dopravu. Předmětem třetí části je analýza dopadů změn cen vodného a stočného na spotřebu vody v ČR. Čtvrtá kapitola analyzuje vliv poplatků na odpadové hospodářství. Pátá část je zaměřena na firemní sektor a podrobně zkoumá dopady environmentální regulace na konkurenceschopnost. Cílem šesté kapitoly je objasnit, jaké faktory stály za snížením znečištění vzduchu v období transformace. Sedmá kapitola řeší problematiku dopadů liberalizace zahraničního obchodu na obchod s environmentálním zbožím. Poslední kapitola obsahuje popis makroekonomického modelu a ukázky simulací.
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