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Phlebotomine saliva: the perspecives of application of some of their recombinantly produced proteins
Rožníčková, Lucie ; Zídková, Lenka (advisor) ; Štáfková, Jitka (referee)
Sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) are the vectors of one of the most significant tropical diseases, leishmaniosis. Their saliva contains substances with antihemostatic, vasodilatory and immunomodulatory effect. These substances are of great significance in transmission of leishmaniosis, because of their ability to influence the host immune response. Naive host saliva modulate the immune system to such an extent, that it reduces an infective dose and increases the pathogenicity of leishmaniosis. On the other hand, a repeatedly exposed host generates a cellular and antibody immune response, which is able to make the initial development of infection impossible. Repeated exposure of individual sandflies lead to formation of antibodies against components of saliva, which may play a role as a rate exposure indicator and thus the risk of leashmaniosis infection. These proteins and glycoproteins can be produced by recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant vaccine could help in the fight against leishmaniasis. Keywords: saliva, sand fly, leishmania, recombinant proteins.
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The effect of estrogens on capacitation and acrosome reaction of boar spermatozoa in vitro.
Dostálová, Pavla ; Pěknicová, Jana (advisor) ; Nedvídek, Josef (referee)
Fertilization is a unique biological event where male and female gametes fuse together to produce a new organism. Before the gametes are able to fuse, however, they must undergo a series of controlled changes. For the male gamete, capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) must occur, which take place during the sperm migration through the female genital tract. Unfortunately, while the process of capacitation has been known for over half a century, the molecular basis and influential factors behind it are not fully understood. Although estrogens have been considered mainly female reproductive hormones, there is increasing evidence suggesting that these steroids have an important role also in regulation of male reproductive functions. Sperm come into the contact with estrogens during their formation in the male and female genital tract, indicating that the hormone may play an important role in sperm maturation. In this study, we examined the importance of three endogenous estrogens (E1 -estron, E2 - 17β estradiol, E3 - estriol) and one synthetic estrogen (EE2 - 17α ethinylestradiol) on sperm maturation during capacitation and AR. Stimulatory effect were observed with all tested estrogens on both capacitation and zona pellucida induced AR. Moreover, we have determinied that the stimulatory effect on...
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Political and economical development of selected COMECON countries in the seventies and eighties
Szobi, Pavel ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon) was an organization which was founded much more because of political than economic reasons. During the first years of its existence it was a soviet power instrument to control the economics of the Eastern Europe and later it became a middle o so called socialist economic integration. The most important part in it played the German Democratic Republic and Czechoslovakia, countries with the best developed industry in the soviet bloc. Their economies supported less developed allied countries and lastly also the Third world countries which assumed the idea of communism. Often comparisons of the Comecon to the West European integration caused that the Eastern bloc tried to establish cooperation with the European Economic Community and to imitate its success. But an analysis has shown the pointlessness of these attempts. The Eastern bloc wasn't able to reform its institution for an economic integration and the downfall of totalitarian regimes automatically leaded to the Comecon decline.
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The Economic Relations Between The South African Republic And Switzerland On The Background Of The Sanctions Of The UN Against The Apartheid Regime
Hőnigová, Nina ; Steinmetzová, Dana (advisor) ; Vondrušková, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this paper is to examine to which extend did the activities of the Swiss economic actors and the Swiss government help to maintain the apartheid regime in South Africa. It is focused on the famous Swiss banking sector and its relations with its Southafrican clients. One part of the paper is concentrated on the question of breaking the sanctions adopted by the Security Council of the UN, which should have helped to undermine the local rasist regime. The crucial issue in this problematic is to make clear if one non-UN-memberlaw-breaker could be really able to ensure the survival of the weakened regime. I discuss the relevance of the financial and economic cooperation between the SAR and Switzerland and try to show, that Swiss activities really provided the badly needed capital and foreign currencies to the regime in the period of its deepest crisis.But on the other hand that Switzerland was not the only one business partner of the apartheid regime among the western powers and that the decisive role in its elimination was besides sanctions played mainly by other factors. The lack of any obligation for the UN-member states of respecting the sanctions, a great degree of invention on the side of the SAR when replacing the import from its former partners and other belong among them.
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Puppet and the Child in the Contemporary World
Trojanová, Jaroslava ; Marušák, Radek (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
This diploma work is describing the today's relation of the marionette to a child. Is supposes that every relation is based upon meeting, contact, coming together, communication and empathy. And that is why the today's child does not mostly have a close relation to the marionette which was popular with the children many ten years ago. The child is deprived of a play with a marionette because it has little opportunity to play with it. It has not been given the appropriate space to playing with common objects, materials, marionettes. If the child's imagination enables to revive the object and the child acts with it in such a way that the object revives by the "life" of its own, the result of this change is that the object receives a term - the marionette. This psychic man's need to revive the material causes that the marionette has been surviving for thousands of years. The author believes that if the marionette theatre is played with the children, the rich tradition of marionette play will not cease. With respect to her specification of the marionettes she is referring to a wide offer of marionettes as creative artefacts that the children can create themselves and that they are able to revive. After the author's experiences from the direction and dramaturgy of several marionette performances with the...
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Sören Kierkegaard and Existential Philosophy
Beran, Jiří ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee) ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor)
My work deals with Soren Kierkegaard's and Martin Heideggr's concepts of dread. The dread plays an improtant role in their philosophical work, because in dread meny important themes are being disclosed. Heidegger is interested in onthological field, Kierkegaard puts emphasis on problems of authentic christian existence. There are also other philosophical questions - freedom, authenticity, etc. - disclosed in dread. Both philosophers were able to approach to these problems from an original point of view.
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BCRP in the placenta - expression, lokalization, function
Šobáňová, Ivana ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Nachtigal, Petr (referee)
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2, ABCP, MXR) is the 72 kDa multidrug resistance protein belonging to the family of ABC transporters. This efflux transporter is able to distinguish and actively extrude a wide variety of chemically and structurally unrelated compounds out of cells. BCRP is most expresse in the majority of human tissues, most abundantly it is expressed in the apical membrane of placental syncytiotrophoblasts. This localization predetermines BCRP to play an important role in protecting the fetus by limiting the penetration of various xenobiotics across the placental barrier. Because of the need to treat some diseases even during pregnancy the knowledge of transplacental pharmacokinetics becomes necessary for evaluation of potential toxicity and therapeutic value of the drugs in pregnancy. The aim of this work is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the expression, localization, polymorphism and function of BCRP transporter in placenta and also the role of BCRP in pharmacotherapy in pregnancy.
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Personality of the individual in the process of attaining social status - from social reproduction to identification of the sources for intergenerational upward socialmobility.
Bariekzahyová, Tereza ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Rabušicová, Milada (referee) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
TITLE: The personality of the individual in the process of attaining social status - from social reproduction to identification of the sources for intergenerational upward social mobility. AUTHOR: Tereza Bariekzahyová DEPARTMENT: Department of Psychology SUPERVISOR: Doc. PhDr. Karel Hnilica, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis, in which the view through the sociological prism is enhanced by the lens of psychology, theoretically and empirically examines non-cognitive personality traits and characteristics ('Big Five', Self-esteem, Locus of Control, Willpower), within the context of the social and psychological aspects of attaining social status (influences by one's family, peers and teachers, and others), with a specific focus on intergenerational upward mobility and the identification of its sources. Research for this paper was designed as a combination of (primarily) representative questionnaire surveys among the adult population in the Czech Republic, and qualitative interviews with selected individuals who have shown intergenerational upward mobility. The results show that, aside from cognitive skills, the statistically less relevant and hitherto somewhat neglected non-cognitive traits and characteristics of individuals do play a role in the process of attaining social status. The author has been able to...
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Role of English in globalizing world
Hnízdo, Bořivoj ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee) ; Baar, Vladimír (referee)
This work attempts to provide a detailed analysis of the role of English in today's globalizing world. It explains two fundamental theories associated with the role. The first one consists of the existence of a global system of languages in the contemporary world in which English plays the central role. The second one consists of the so-called language imperialism where the role of English consists of oppressing small languages. This work does not just analyze these theories but seeks an individual approach to the topic while being aware of the clear limits of the exceptional status of English among other languages in today's world. The topic of this work is cross-disciplinary but is based on the social sciences. The work has been divided into three parts in order to cover all aspects of the topic. The first part contains a summary of the English-speaking countries worldwide. The second part deals with the issue of English as a language of international communication. The third part is aimed at the question as to whether or not today's status of English is indeed exceptional, whether or not it is the only global language and whether or not English will be able to maintain its current status in the near future.
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