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Legal Forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945 in comparison with the occupied Netherlands
Mamrilla, Filip ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
Legal Forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945 in comparison with the occupied Netherlands In 1939, Czechoslovakia was destroyed by Nazi Germany without a single shot. Less than a year later, the Netherlands was conquered by the German army in the course of Blitzkrieg in the West. Both countries remained under occupation for almost six years, while their citizens faced an unprecedented persecution. Since these countries share a lot of commonalities, concerning size of their territory, wartime development and the form of occupation, they proved to be an ideal example to provide the comparison of the Nazi occupation regime in Western and Eastern Europe. Bohemia and Moravia joined the Reich as a protectorate, an institute of international public law that was very rare in the European context. Kingdom of Netherlands was transformed into so-called Reichskommisariat, a provisional arrangement that was supposed mainly to maintain public order in order to secure the industrial production. In the first place, this thesis trying to describe the distinction that the Nazis were making between occupied territories in the West and in the East in terms of ideology, because it greatly affected their approach to these countries and the intensity of the repression. The Netherlands was perceived by Nazi...
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Action Stones and the stories of witnesses
Ježková, Anna ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
(in English) The following Bachelor's thesis deals with emigration attempts of Czechoslovak citizens after 1948. It focuses on those border crossing efforts which were connected to operation "KAMEN" in which the StB (Statni bezpecnost, the civilian state security apparatus), on purpose, provoked citizens who opposed the Communist regime to illegaly cross the border. However, the crossing of the border was only feigned and was fully under the StB control. The StB arrested the participants and persecuted them. The thesis is based on the analysis of interrogation records of the arrested. These records, which are kept in the Archive of Security Services (Archiv bezpečnostních složek), contain thorough biographical information, descriptions of the course of the operation, and reasons which led to the aforementioned border crossing attempts. This thesis contains the description of the course of the crossings and also explains the reasons which people had for the crossing itself - whether their reasons were personal or connected to their opposition of the political situation.
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Church politics of the Communist Party and the State in the North-eastern Bohemia during 1945-1960
Kafka, Jan ; Kubín, Petr (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee) ; Cuhra, Jaroslav (referee)
Jan Kafka: Religious Policy of the Communist Party and the State in North-East Bohemia in years 1948-1960 Zkrácená anotace v anglickém jazyce The presented thesis surveys the development and forms of religious policy of the state in the region of North-East Bohemia. The study analyzes the role of the individual state institutions and security forces, in particular it pays attention to the role of the Church Departments at the National Committees (i.e. the Secretaires of Church Affairs). The thesis also examines the response of individual churches to the state policy and describes the strategies and positions held by church leaders (eg. catholic bishop Mořic Pícha), priests, monks and nuns. We also study the influence of government policy on relations among individual churches.
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60th to 80th Years of the Czechoslovak Rock Music - the Period of Prosperity and Ruin
Solar, Martin ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
60th to 80th years of the Czechoslovak rock music - the period of prosperity and ruin Bakalářská práce Abstract The Bachelor thesis describes the relationship between the communist regime and the domestic rock scene from its beginnings to the fall of the totalitarian regime. It analyzes the processes of the state apparatus against the music community and options as rock musicians in different decades offered for their creation. The paper describes the most famous cases typical for each season - the beginnings of rock and roll in Czechoslovakia, action against long-haired young men, underground and alternative music in the seventies and last but not least, punk, new wave and metal in the eighties. There is also a comparison with the situation in the west of the Czechoslovakian borders that reflect on the factors that led to the establishment clear-cut relationship to rock. Although the Czechoslovakian regime was in its policy towards rock music one of the least tolerant, efforts to contain its popularity has never been completely successful and essentially only deepen the alienation and disgust for the most part of young people against the communist regime. Martin Solar
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The Specific Features of Collectivization in Svitavy District between 1949 and 1960
Jiráček, Jiří ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
The thesis deals with the process of collectivization in the area which was the called Svitavy National District Committee. The thesis represents economic and social transformation after the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia. First chapter serves general characteristic of Svitavy District and Svitavy National District Committee which was the intermediary among the government and individual vil- lages. The next chapter focuses on the process of collectivization in Svitavy District divided into three phases - first phase (1949-1953), second phase (1953-1954) and third phase (1954-1960). Regional development is associated with nationwide con- texts which were connected with the process of collectivization. The following chap- ter devotes to individual process of collectivization in selected villages. The author attempts to show the peculiarities of realization of collectivization on the base of micro-historical insight. The aim of the last chapter is to outline the mechanism of judicial repression against private farmers. The main attention is focused on emi- nent local private farmer František Blažek. The trial of František Blažek became de- terrent tool which should accelerate the liquidation of "kulaks". The thesis describes the distinctions among the newly settled villages (by Czech people)...
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Jewisch Comunity in Zruč nad Sázavou
Augustovová, Jana ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Foltýn, Dušan (referee)
In the thesis author concerns herself with the perished Jewish community in Zruč nad Sázavou. Main accent is put on the development of the Jewish settlement in 20th century. The thesis is devided into several chapters. The first chapter is an Introduction. History of Zruč nad Sázavou is sketched out in the second chapter. The third, most important chapter, is dedicated to development of the Jewish settlement since the beggining of the World War II, which signified the end of the Jewish community in Zruč nad Sázavou. The fourth chapter deals with the history of Dolní Kralovice and its parish under which Zruč belonged to. The last charter is the conclusion. The thesis stands mainly on study of archive sources. Data are also derived from the secondary literature.
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Presidential office after the accession of Klement Gottwald
Trpišovská, Jana ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Dobeš, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce all changes, that occurred in the Presidential office since February 1948 until the death of Klement Gottwald. After the short introduction, which gives us insight into the so called the Foundation period of Communism and into the life of Klement Gottwald and his wife Marta, follows the opening chapter about the situation in the Presidential office after the February 1948. It introduces two great topics, which would be examined in the next chapters - staff question and organization of the office. The thesis is closed by the chapter about the role of the Prague castle and Gottwald himself in 1948-1953. Books about this era describe mostly the general characteristics of the period and of Klement Gottwald himself. They are not paying attention to the Presidential office. Only one of the persecuted employees wrote a biography - Miroslav Jirásek. I used mostly the books of Karel Kaplan. The memoirs of Ladislav Novák (chancellor of Antonín Zápotocký, Antonín Novotný and Ludvík Svoboda) were very useful for the description of the situation after the death of Klement Gottwald. Even though documents from a couple of archives were used, some questions were left without the answers. For example, the file of the action committee doesn't exist, so we couldn't describe its...
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