|
|
The Multiplicity of Being: The Ontology of Alain Badiou
Pivoda, Tomáš ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kouba, Petr (referee) ; Pechar, Jiří (referee)
Tomáš Pivoda, The Multiplicity of Being: The Ontology of Alain Badiou PhD thesis Abstract The thesis introduces for the first time in the Czech philosophical context the ontology of the French philosopher Alain Badiou, as he set it out in his fundamental work Being and Event (L'être et l'événement, 1988). It first presents the starting point of Badiou's philosophy as well as the reasons of his identification of ontology with the set theory, and it points out Badiou's importance for contemporary philosophy, especially for the so called speculative realism around Quentin Meillassoux. The main axis of the exposition is then built around Badiou's four fundamental "Ideas": the multiplicity, the event, the truths and the subject, in connection with which it is shown how Badiou constructs his conceptual apparatus out of individual axioms of the set theory, whereby he follows the basic formal definition of multiplicity based on the operator . In connection with∈ the first Idea of multiplicity, the thesis exposes - with references to Martin Heidegger and Plato - Badiou's conceptual transposition of the couple one/multiple on the couple existence/being and defines the fundamental concepts of his ontology - the situation, the presentation, the representation and the void, with the help of which Badiou interprets...
|
|
|
Use of drama methods in historical studies at primary school
Šalamounová, Klára ; Marušák, Radek (advisor) ; Svobodová, Radmila (referee)
This thesis examines the possibilities of linking historiographical education and drama curriculum in primary school using action research. The theoretical part examines various educational and psychological bases that support the idea of linking drama and historiographical education and defines the possibilities of the involvement of drama as a teaching method in the primary school. The practical part contains specific proposal of two lessons with historiographical themes and also includes evaluation of their implementation in 4th and 5th class. Both lessons are designed and implemented in accordance with the teachings of Three-phase, respecting the psychological aspects of the target group. Lessons use mainly drama methods, marginally methods of curriculum Reading and writing to critical thinking, Experiential learning, Project teaching and Cooperative learning are used. Action research is evaluated through observation and detailed description of teacher reflection.
|
|
|
Preparing student teachers for constructivist teaching about society in primary grades
Dvořáková, Michaela ; Spilková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee) ; Brtnová Čepičková, Ivana (referee)
Preparing student teachers for constructivist teaching about society in primary grades Michaela Dvořáková Abstract The content of primary social studies could be described as cultural universals - domains of human existence that form part of everybody's experience. Despite that, children do need a skilled instruction helping them to elaborate these topics. We suppose that for the constructivist teachers, deep content knowledge and pedagogic content knowledge is necessary to elaborate and conceptualize children's experiences. In this thesis, we wanted to learn more about the knowledge base of pre-service teachers. To explore the education students' content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge of social studies topics, we elicited students' concepts related to the topic of family using concept mapping. Then we performed the content analysis of the obtained concepts. We tried to determine whether pre-service teachers rely on their prior knowledge (including misconceptions) of family or whether they use the knowledge gained in social science classes at the high school or at our university. Students do not use their academic knowledge gained in social studies classes spontaneously, but they are able to do when prompted. An important part of pedagogical content knowledge of a social studies teacher are the...
|
|
|
The Current Position of the USA in the International System - What Security Policy?
Kudláčková, Iva ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
This graduate thesis analyzes the security policy of the United States during the previous administration of President George W. Bush and the current administration of President Obama. The first section is devoted to a detailed analysis of the security strategies of both administrations as well as to their practical applications, not only in the field of defense and military, but also in foreign trade and building of alliances and partnerships. Based on this analysis the first part concludes that, although the Obama's security policy is criticized for being just a "Bush lite", it differs clearly in almost all mentioned areas. The thesis identifies, as the most essential, the difference in the overall concept of the security policy, which is multilateral and less militarily engaged at the time of the Obama administration than during the Bush administration which is characterized by unilateral approach with pre-emptive use of force. The second part of this thesis thus builds on these major differences. Based on previous analysis of both policies then generates hypotheses which aim at finding a cause of this change. To test the hypotheses this study makes use of three classical theories of international relations, which include elements that have been previously identified as a possible driving force...
|
|
|
Konstructivism in geography education
Medková, Eva ; Marada, Miroslav (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Medková, E. (2012): Constructivism in geography education. Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Charles University in Prague. The thesis deals with a constructivist model used in Geography classes. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristic of this model and compares it with the traditional transmissive model. It describes the methods used in the constructivist teaching. Part of the practical section was the pedagogical experiment that compared the efficiency of constructivist and transmissive teaching. Experiment was realized in the Primary school in two parallel 7th grade classes. There were two geographical topics tought - monsoons and the development of the Asian states. The development of the Asian states topic was tought transmissively in one class and in a constructivist manner in the second class. As a second step the other topic of monsoons was tought and the teaching method in the classes was interchanged. The efficiency of the teaching was determined by the help of the didactic test and then statistically evaluated.
|
|
| |
|
|
Czech Political Parties and the European Union between 1996 and 2009
Roubíčková, Eliška ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Beneš, Vít (referee)
The Rigorous's thesis Czech Political Parties and the European Union between 1996 and 2009 presents how the Czech political parties (ODS, CSSD, KSCM and KDU-CSL) percieved the European Union and the role of the Czech Republic in the EU in the given period. The thesis departs from both basic constructivist principles and the concept of polity ideas. Further, it presents four ideal types of political system: Federal State, Intergovernmental Cooperation, Economic Community and Network. Then, looking at the individual political parties' perspective on selected components of polity ideas the thesis assigns the political parties to the ideal types.
|
|
|
Game Theoretic Modelling of the International Relations System
Halás, Matúš ; Drulák, Petr (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee) ; Křivan, Vlastimil (referee)
The thesis models interactions in the system of states. Fundamental research question asked what consequences for success of strategies and prospects of cooperative behavior have particular settings and properties of the system. Thesis includes two features peculiar to international relations that did not appear anywhere else before: (i) determination of interaction occurrence with help of distance and power; and (ii) emergence of (dis)trust out of the previous interactions. The model is based on three elements: agents, environment, and rules. Players interacted in the Hobbesian Prisoner's Dilemma environment as described by realists, but thanks to payoff shift representing emergence of (dis)trust I also formalized constructivist argument of different cultures of anarchy and of mutually constitutive agent-structure relationship. Multi-agent computer simulations set within the abductive reasoning framework were chosen because lack of heterogeneous enough data and impossibility of experiments made this data generating method a necessity. The source code is written in C#. I translated 62 Axelrod's behavioral rules and then added several others that seemed promising. Three new strategies mirroring usual behavior of states were proposed too. To secure robustness of the results, application was run...
|
|
|
Project "Class symbol" and a square grid
Olšovská, Petra ; Kaslová, Michaela (advisor) ; Bomerová, Eva (referee)
The thesis is based on the constructivistic approach to mathematics at primary school and geometry topics situated in the environment of square grid. It researches the extent to which pupils are able to use the experience with the square grid in the project method. For this purpose, observed two groups of pupils aged 10-11 years, experimental and control group. Work with the experimental group was situated in two weeks.
|
|
|
EU sanctions against Austria in 2000 in the context of the position of Austria in the European Union. Application of the constructivist theory on the case
Dobiašová, Terézia ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Moravcová, Dagmar (referee)
diplomové práce v anglickém jazyce: EU sanctions against Austria in 2000 in the context of the position of Austria in the European Union. Application of constructivist theory on the case The Master thesis EU sanctions against Austria in 2000 in the context of the position of Austria in the European Union. Application of constructivist theory on the case tried to analyse the Austrian case from the constructivist perspective. The thesis attempted to verify the hypothesis that the Member States of the European Union wrongly assessed the impact of Haider's FPÖ on the Austrian democratic development and the European Union itself, claiming that the participation of the FPÖ in the Austrian federal government was jeopardizing its democratic values. In fact there was no evidence for this allegation despite the nature of the FPÖ which was confirmed as being far-right in some aspects (for instance its xenophobia). It has been shown that the participation of the FPÖ in the Austrian government (rather than its isolation, which might have led to even bigger support) was in a certain way a guarantee that democracy and the common values of the European Union would be upheld. Furthermore the thesis tried to answer the question whether the inclusion of the FPÖ in the governmental coalition had posed a real danger...
|
guest ::
