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The reconstruction of the legal order in post-war Czechoslovakia
Podlaha, Petr ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee)
- 61 - 7. Resume - Patent protection of pharmaceuticals and its current problems The pharmaceutical industry nowadays plays a major role in the world's economy, having an estimated total volume of USD 740 billion and being one of the recognized key innovation sectors. The system of patent law is of major significance to the industry in that the monopoly it confers, for a limited period of time, on using innovations provides a major incentive for innovative research activities that the industry is involved in. Although the availability of patent protection for chemical and pharmaceutical products has, from a historical perspective, only been reaffirmed in the near past, it has nowadays been accepted as a global standard mainly through the provisions of the WTO's TRIPS agreement. Despite the existence of various international treaties harmonizing patent laws, patents have to date in their effects remained strictly limited to individual jurisdictions. There're several ways of how patents can be used to protect the novel, innovative and non-obvious results of pharmaceutical research; patents for end products, processes of making a product or for new medical indications can mainly be of practical use, each of these types providing a different scope of protection and offering different approaches of preventing...
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Delivery a payment terms in international sales contract
Peřinová, Hana ; Malý, Josef (advisor)
This thesis analyses an international sales contract especially its two parts, delivery and payment terms. Objective of the thesis is to present the high importance of delivery and payment terms in international sales contracts, how they influence the price as well as the whole business transaction. This text is devided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The first part deals with the whole characterization of an international sales contract, its belongings, legislative definition and detailed description of the delivery and payment terms. International chamber of commerce and insurance are also mentioned. The practical part concerns with anylysis of the particular examples from Ceco-legno company.
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The Actual Trends of Insuring of the credit risks with state support
Hrnčiříková, Michala ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Pravda, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the export credit insurance as one of the possible instruments for covering business risks in international trade. Furthermore, it indicates its basic forms and also focuses on the international rules, which regulate the providing of export credit insurance. The main stress is laid on the development of export credit insurance with state support in a time of global financial and economic crisis. The thesis offers a view of the specific anti-crisis measures of some selected export credit agencies and their impact on the international trade development.
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Documentary payments in international trade
Plaček, Lukáš ; Sato, Alexej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The aim of bachelor thesis is to describe the problems of documentary payments in international trade. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one is devoted to a letter of credit under UCP 600, its legal nature, the standard model during the operation, types and availability of letters of credit. Another chapter details the documents that could be used for documentary payments and following control of the bank. The third chapter discusses the documentary collection as defined by the URC 522. This chapter provides information on collection instructions, conditions of documentary collections and other aspects of this banking product. The last chapter is devoted to a comparison of documentary credit and collection in terms of institutionalization, elimination of risks, financial performance, examination of the documents and several other aspects. The conclusion contains a summary of presented information.
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WTO and developing countries
Krchová, Lucia ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Machková, Hana (referee)
This diploma thesis intends to describe the multilateral trading system, specifically the relation between World Trade Organization (WTO) and developing countries. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one introduces the participation of developing countries in international trade. The second part deals with the special treatment and the role of developing countries in multilateral trade system. I mention also concrete clauses. The third chapter describes problems caused by the membership of developing countries in WTO and the last one is dedicated to the dispute settlement.
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Position of Brazil in the world economy
Konečná, Radka ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Machytka, Daniel (referee)
This thesis is focused on the position of Brazilian economy in the world market and evaluates its current state. The work is divided into three chapters and all the mentioned points are evaluated in terms of international commerce. The first chapter briefly describes the characteristics of Brazil, which are the most relevant to the international trade. Then it is also mentioned its economic development. The second chapter deals with the current economic situation of Brazil, describes the most important macroeconomic indicators. Finally, the work is analyzing its specific place in the world economy, and is examining its position in the international market and the territorial structure of foreign trade.
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The principle of primacy of EU law in the theory and practice of the courts of the European Union Member States
Ondřejková, Jana ; Gerloch, Aleš (advisor) ; Kühn, Zdeněk (referee) ; Masopust, Zdeněk (referee)
The submitted dissertation thesis analyses the principle of primacy of EU law from the basic point of view of legal theory. It points out different approaches to the primacy principle and examines the arguments on which these approaches are based. The fist part of the thesis deals with the examination of the primacy principle related to its legal basis, using the sources most frequently listed in the literature: the founding treaties, the case law of the Court of Justice, legal theory (Kelsen's basic norm, Hart's rule of recognition and the legal sociology approaches), and international and national law. I have focused on the historical documents (Treaty Establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community), the concepts based on them (doctrine of the conferred powers and the principle of subsidiarity), and the non-ratified Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe and legally non-binding Declaration No. 17 attached to the Lisbon Treaty. I have applied a critical approach to the argumentation of the Court of Justice in the decisions establishing the principle of primacy: Van Gend en Loos, Costa, Internationale Handelsgesellschaft, Simmenthal. Taking into account the existing objections against the arguments used by the Court of Justice, I have...
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Private international law in a comparative perspective. Inheritance in private international law under Czech and French law
Joklová, Andrea ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Růžička, Květoslav (referee)
- 67 - International Private Law in Comparative View Successions in International Private Law according to Czech and French Law The aim of this thesis is to compare the Czech and French rules of international private law in the matter of successions and wills. The theme is therefore interesting that an EU-regulation is being prepared. Apart from the introduction and the summary, the thesis is divided into two parts. The first refers to the general dispositions of the international private law in the both states, the second deals with the subject itself, namely the successions in the international private law. The first part, as well as the second, is introduced with an explanation of the most important and in the worksheet the most commonly contended terms related to the general issues of the international private law in the first case, and the particular issues concerning the international successions in the second case. The first part then involves a short conclusion of the common historical events leading to similar law culture of the both states. Later it is followed by an exposé presenting the relations regarded as international-private relations according to the both states ruling. the forth chapter deals with the nature of the international private law and its position in the legal order of the both...
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Cyprus dispute - current challenges
Matúš, Rudolf ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
Master's diploma thesis Cyprus dispute -- current challenges deals with the current political situation in Cyprus and bi-communal talks between divided Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot entity living on the island. Negotiations are conducted under the auspices of external actors, and under the influence of the parties interested in the conflict, and the primary responsibility has been assumed by the political representation of the Republic of Cyprus and TRNC. Thesis introduces alternatives of the conflict settlement, perspectives of the potential development of events in the unification process and their possible impacts on the Cypriot environment. It presents the most signifiant plans of the international community on the political settlement of the island and reaching the agreement in the chronological order from the end of the World War Two up to the current solutions based on the actual tendencies of development. These suggestions have been conceived on the basis of the international political context and intra-political situation in Cyprus in the time period of anti-colonial struggle leading to the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus, Constitution collapse, outbreak of violence, Turkish invasion, declaration of independence of the Turkish Republic of the Northern Cyprus, accession of the Republic of Cyprus to the EU up to the presence.
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Czech Republic after entering the European Union – international comparison
Fabík, Martin ; Nečadová, Marta (advisor) ; Džbánková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the macroeconomic development of the Czech Republic after entering the European Union and on comparing chosen indicators with other European countries with special focus on the Visegrad Group. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part is aimed at the economic growth. The gross domestic product is analyzed here along with other alternative indicators like gross national income and real gross domestic income. The second part focuses on economic freedom. There are two organizations examining the latter. This part is aimed at the Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) index published by Fraser Institute.
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