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Analysis of drug utilization of antidiabetics
Dvořáková, Nelly ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
Analysis of drug utilization of antidiabetics Author: Nelly Dvořáková Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Simona Dvořáčková, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Effects of antidiabetics prevent serious consequences on mortality, morbidity and quality of life of patients. The objective of practical part of this thesis was to analyze trends of antidiabetics utilization in the Czech Republic between 2005−2021. Methods: The utilization of antidiabetics was analysed in the period from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2021. The data were obtained from the State Institute for Drug Control database, where are collected reports from distributors regarding the supplies to healthcare institutions including pharmacies, vendors of selected pharmaceuticals and veterinarians. The denominator was number of inhabitants in Czech Republic in particular years in study period. The drug utilization of antidiabetics in Defined Daily Doses (DDD) was converted to Defined Daily Dose/1000 inhabitants/day (DID). The values of DDD of medicaments in fixed combinations were also converted to DID but not converted to their single components. The descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Results:...
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility I
Sládková, Zuzana ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Šorf, Aleš (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in a health facility I Author: Zuzana Sládková Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Drug administration is one of the riskiest part of nursing. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the drug administration by nurses to the patients hospitalized in four hospitals in the South Bohemian region. Methods: The data for this observational-interventional study were collected from June to August 2021 in four hospitals (surgical department, internal medicine department, aftercare department), during three consecutive days in each department.The data were collected by a trained team consisting of a pharmacist and a nurse using direct observation. The following parameters were observed: information about the patient (e.g. gender, age, pharmacotherapy), information about the nurse (e.g. gender, education, length of practice), data related to drug administration (e.g. hygiene, patient identification, the right drug, the right patient, the right strength, the right dose, the right time, handling the medicine, the drink used to take the drug, drug administration in relation to food). The data were anonymized, transferred into the web database and...
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Self-medication of patients using immunosuppressants
Zouharová, Veronika ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Self-medication of patients using immunosuppressive drugs Author: Veronika Zouharová Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Barbora Košťálová, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Self-medication can be used to treat minor health problems without consulting a doctor. The aim of this masters thesis was to analyse the use of potentially risky over- the-counter medicines, dietary supplements or food in patients with a history of kidney disease taking immunosuppressants. Methods: Data for the cross-sectional study were obtained in the form of a controlled interview with patients of the Nephrology Consultation of the Teaching Hospital Hradec Králové. The guided interview was carried out by the researcher in the form of phone calls with patients in March 2022 through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was compiled on basis of a literature search and knowledge gained about possible interactions between immunosuppressants and over-the- counter medicinal products, dietary supplements and food. Patients with kidney disease who had been taking at least one immunosuppressant (cyclosporine, azathioprine, mycophenolate, prednisone, tacrolimus or rituximab) for past six months were...
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Vaccination and pharmaceutical care I
Žižková, Tereza ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Tereza (referee)
Vaccination and pharmaceutical care I Author: Tereza Žižková Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Eliška Kolmanová, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim of study: Vaccination can be considered an effective tool for the prevention of infectious diseases. Its main importance lies in the protection of the entire population. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the attitudes and opinions of patients regarding the possibility of vaccination against influenza in pharmacies in the Czech Republic (CZ). Methods: The research consists of the answers of 2032 citizens of the CZ over the age of 15, randomly selected by the technique of the standardized quided interview. They were approached between 16. 11. 2020 and 20. 12. 2020 with a request for comments on the issue of healthcare and the healthy lifestyle of the population. Part of this survey were questions about the issue of vaccination against influenza. Respondents were asked 21 closed, semi-closed and open-ended questions focused on socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes and opinions of respondents on influenza vaccination, including the possibility of vaccination in a pharmacy. Data were evaluated with descriptive statistics and...
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Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedics on the basis of inflammatory markers
Preiss, Přemysl ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
Analysis of the possibilities of influencing antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedics on the basis of inflammatory markers Author: Přemysl Preiss Tutor: doc. PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petr Domecký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aim: Endoprosthetic surgeries are demanding orthopedic surgeries rarely associated with complications, that can be fatal. One is periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), whose risk can be decreased by antibiotic prophylaxis (AP). The aim of this effort was to describe trends in endoprosthetic surgeries of the knee and the hip, their complications and options of diagnostics in the theoretical part. The aim of the practical part was to analyze prognostic features of chosen laboratory parameters on postoperative infections, respectively on postoperative complications. Methods: This prospective study started in March 2020 and data gathering took place until 28. 3. 2022 at the Ortopedic Clinic of the University Hospital Hradec Králové. Patients, who were included in the study, fulfilled the preliminary criteria, e.g. age ≥ 18 years, patient undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty at the time of the study and giving the informed consent to the study. Data were gathered from...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II
Szikorová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II Author: Nikola Szikorová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Falls are one of the most common problems of hospitalized patients. Their occurrence is associated with many problems and therefore should be avoided. Effective prevention involves analyzing risk factors and implementing interventions to minimize these risks. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of drugs and other risk factors on the fall of hospitalized patients. Methods: Data was collected from April to December 2017 in 4 hospitals in South Bohemia. Only patients who had fallen during hospitalization participated in the study. An online database was created for the study to collect patient data (personal history, medications used, laboratory values and others). Population and individual fall risk-increasing drugs were analyzed. For each individual fall risk-increasing drug, the type of drug problem that could have been the cause of a fall was classified. Risk minimization interventions have been assigned to each drug problem. In addition to fall risk-increasing drug analysis, other risk factors that increased the risk...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients III
Honsová, Tereza ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of falls in inpatents III Author: Tereza Honsová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Falls are frequent and unwanted events happening in healthcare facilities. The falls have a multifactorial character. The prevention is the best way how to improve a quality of healthcare and a quality of the patient's life. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses can help to realize it by cooperating with each other, working with professional information and by individual attitude to each patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the fall risk-increasing drugs to falls in hospitalized patients and to recommend the right interventions to prevent the fall. Methodology: For the analysation, classification and quantification of the fall risk-increasing drugs, drug related problems and interventions a special online database was created. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses were collecting details about the pacients and about how the fall happened. Fall risk-increasing drugs and drug-related problems were then analyzed by clinical pharmacists. Potential interventions were suggested. Also other...
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Analysis of individual counselling in pharmacy I
Brandejská, Tereza ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
Title of diploma thesis: Analysis of individual counselling in pharmacy I Author: Tereza Brandejská Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Jana Šolínová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Individual consultations are a relatively new and developing service provided for patients in community pharmacies within the pharmaceutical care. The aim of this paper was to analyse professional individual consultations in community pharmacy in period of 2009-2019. Methodology: Professional individual consultations were provided in the form of a discreet dialogue between a pharmacist and patient in a consulting room of a basic pharmacy with two dispensing places. Pharmacy is located in a municipality of up to 5000 inhabitants, where no other pharmacy is available. The content of every consultation was recorded into a consultation form, while its extent corresponded with the focus of the given consultation. Patient's medical history was obtained during the consultation: demographic data, personal history data, lifestyle, use of medicines and food supplements including dosage information. The data was transferred into an electronic form with the use of web application containing a structured template....
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Analysis of drug-drug interactions in patients admitted to hospital (II.)
Mašková, Daniela ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Malý, Josef (referee)
Candidate: Daniela Mašková1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: PharmDr. Zuzana Očovská1 Title of the master thesis: Analysis of drug-drug interactions in patients admitted to hospital (II.) 1 Department Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are part of drug-related problems. Drug-related problems can be either potential (possibly leading to real problems for the patient) or manifest (the problem already impacts the patient). This study aims to identify potential DDIs in the medication history of patients acutely admitted to University Hospital Hradec Králové via the department of emergency medicine. The objectives are to determine the prevalence of hospital admissions with at least one potential DDI in the medication history and characterize the identified potential DDIs with respect to their mechanism, severity rating, level of documentation, and potential consequences. Another objectives was to identify medication classes involved in potential DDI. The design of this study is an observational cross-sectional study. The data were obtained from the previous study examining the drug-relatedness of 1252 hospital admissions. For the purpose of my master's thesis, a sample of 378 hospital admissions was...
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility IV
Slobodyanyk, Myroslava ; Doseděl, Martin (advisor) ; Malý, Josef (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility IV Candidate: Myroslava Slobodyanyk Supervisor: PharmDr. Martin Doseděl, PhD. Background: Currently, more emphasis is placed on quality and safe health care. At the medical facility, the nurse is responsible for administration of medications. Mistakes that may occur during administration may reduce the quality of health care delivery. For this reason, is important to minimize the occurrence of these doubts. Aim: The aim of the diploma is to describe and analyze the most common medication errors occurring in medical facilities during drug administration by nurses. Methods: This is a prospective observational study using direct observation. Nurses were administered medication in three hospital departments in the Czech Republic. Data collection took place for three following days at the Department of Internal Medicine, Surgery and Aftercare in July 2021. The data are recorded in a form. After a joint discussion, all data was rewritten into online database. The data were then exported to MS Excel and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: The study included 75 patients and the administration of the drugs by 15 nurses was observed. A total of 1518 drug administrations were observed, including oral drug delivery (91.56%), injections...
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