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Tiny House - Reasons and obstacles of living in a small space
Pospíšilová, Veronika ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Špaček, Ondřej (referee)
Práce se zabývá fenoménem tiny house, tedy malými funkčně zařízenými stavbami. Teoretická část práce na základě rešerše literatury představuje tuto stavbu i sociální a architektonické hnutí, které se kolem tohoto způsobu bydlení vytvořilo. Hnutí propaguje žití na malém prostoru, omezování spotřeby a větší environmentální šetrnost jakožto prostředek ke zvýšení kvality života (Anson, 2014). Empirická část se zaměřuje na obyvatele těchto staveb na území České republiky. Klade si za cíl porozumět, co bylo důvodem k pořízení domku, dále pak jaká pozitiva a negativa bydlení přináší. Na základě polostrukturovaných rozhovorů a analýzy sekundárních dat, práce dochází k závěru, že se jedná především o biografické řešení systémového rozporu, kterým je krize bydlení (Beck, 2011). Na výsledné podobě tohoto řešení se podílejí panující kulturní normy v oblasti bydlení. Tiny house tak nemá být zhmotněním protestu proti současnému systému, spíše individuálním vypořádáním se s jeho nefunkčností. Vlastnictví domku přináší obyvatelům pocit jistoty, klidu, větší finanční nezávislost i prostor pro revizi hodnot. Zároveň se snižuje jejich ekologická stopa (Saxton, 2019). Domek na druhou stranu vytváří náročnější podmínky pro soužití více osob. Zároveň se jeho obyvatelé musí často potýkat se skepsí ze strany okolí i...
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Individualization in Social studies and Sience in primary school instruction
Procházková, Hana ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis has a theoretically-empirical character with a focus on the empirical part. The starting point for the solution is the requirement of the primary teacher competence to work with the differentiated group of pupils, take into account different educational needs in the planning, implementation and reflection of teaching. The aim is to determine whether and how teachers fulfill the requirement of primary school in natural science lessons. Describe and evaluate the implementation of this requirement during the realization of specific thematic unit by several teachers. Methods of the content analysis, interviews and direct observation of teaching are used to fulfill the targets of the thesis. Keywords Individualization, differentiation, Social studies and Science, primary school teacher, instruction planning Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Competances beginning teachers at primary school to individualize teaching
Robovská, Martina ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Voda, Jan (referee)
This Thesis is focused on beginning teachers as absolvents of Charles University Faculty of Education with experience at most three years. There is explained what competences teachers have to individualize lessons at Primary school. This topic is very popular these days and doesn't cover only children with specific needs or children who are gifted, but it includes all pupils. This thesis tries to map this current situation with eight chosen teachers who respond to our requairments. The Teoretic part is divided into five chapters, which describe professional quality of teacher with deep focusing on personal characteristic, the term a beginning teacher and his most frequent problems. Next chapter is focused on pedagogical competences. Subchapters are conected with deep analyzation of teacher's competances to individualize his lessons and introduse some tendences in current preparatory education of teachers at primary schools. In penultimate chapter there is deeper describtion of preparatory education of teacher at primary school and personality. The last chapter of the teoretic part is focused on terms diferenciacion and individualisation. It introduces two alternative programmes know as Dalton plan and Winet system. The research, which belongs to an experimental part, is focused on quality. It was...
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Principle of individualizion in evaluation process at primary school
Vančurová, Petra ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kargerová, Jana (referee)
This thesis has theoretical and practicalcharacter. In the theoretical part, I accumulate knowledge about the definition of assessment and school evaluation forms, functions and types of assessment. Then I mention self-evaluation, portfolio and individual standard. In the practical part, I had evaluated the results ofquantitative and qualitative research, based on interviews with primary school teachers on the topic from the theoretical part. In the quantitative part of the research I have submitted questionnaires to teachers of different primary schools. Questions are focused on their attitude towards the current evaluation school system, student's self-evaluation and the level of individualization by teacher's student assessments. In several in-depth semi-structured interviews, which have the character of qualitative, I amfocusing moreon the answers in the questionnaire and I try to find the differences or agreements between the teacher's attitudes and beliefs on the topic in their answers. Keywords: evaluation, individualization, attitude, strategy, teacher, studets
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Differentiation in school curriculum at primary school
Svobodová, Lucie ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Tomková, Anna (referee)
The thesis is focused on differentiation in school curriculum at primary schools. Its aim is to describe the conditions and schemes of differentiation in school curriculum at selected primary schools in Prague and to confirm if and how they are fullfilled in the classes. It is focused mainly on care for the groups of children to whom differentiation is highly recommended. These are children with specific educational needs and talented children. The practical part of the thesis presents results of qualitative research in casuistries of selected Prague primary schools, their school curriculum and practical use of the differentiation of education in their classes. The casuistries contain descriptions of functional and tested models of individualization and differentiation at these schools. Of organizational structures (as they are described in theory) combinations of these are used most often: intrinsic differentiation (in common classes) - individually or in groups (sometimes with pedagogical assistant) and group extrinsic differentiation, that is formed as special care for children either with specific educational needs or talented children. Key words: differentiation, individualization, talented child, school curriculum, child with specific educational needs
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Cooperation between teacher and parents at the beginning of the school attendance
Mendová, Monika ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Voda, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with forms of cooperation between family - school, their meaning at the beginning of the school attendance, the benefit of the individualization of the child's needs and the educational progress. Action research seeking to answer the question under what conditions the cooperation with parents has a positive impact on the learning progress of the child and in the individual case reports we describe the effective forms of the cooperation which contribute to the principle of the individualization in the education of children. Other methods in the context of the action research are: interview, e-mail correspondence, observation, recording, tripartite meetings, performances, evaluation. During our research we managed to establish cooperation with all parents of the pupils of the language course and also individualize their needs with regard to their cognitive abilities and home background. We have found that the parents are willing to cooperate if the teacher is able to create conditions for that not only at school but also whether he or she can choose appropriate strategies and forms of cooperation with regard to domestic conditions of the pupil. The contribution of this study is to implement an approach focused on the child and its individual development and to verify the...
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Integration of students with learning disabilities and behaviour in regular class
Svašková, Marcela ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals is focused the application of general individualization strategies during work in the regular primary school classroom where pupils with learning diasabilities and specific behavior are integrated. Its aim is to describe the way the teacher tries to find optimal solutions using a form of action research. It deals with the status of these pupils in the class. What is their attitude and how they are motivated for school work. It traces how is the process perceived by pupils themselves, by thein schoolmates and thein parents. Perception of their problems by classmates and their parents. It reflects how the choice of the strategy affects the level of professional competence and teaching style of the teacher. It describes the benefits and risks associated with the integration of children with learning disabilities in the common classroom. It maps the possible strategies of differentiation and individualization of teaching methods and strategies that support students with learning disabilities an specific behavioral. It deals with the requirements for the competence of teachers. Keywords: inclusion, individualization, work methods, language and communication skills, a student with learning disabilities and behavior
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Possibilities of individualization and differentiation of instruction methods in current education
Bredová, Romana ; Mazáčová, Nataša (advisor) ; Horáčková, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis elaborates on the matters of individualisation and differentiation of education in elementary schooling. The theoretical part is focusing on technical and theoretical problem solution. The aim of the practical part is to look at the variety of possibilities between individualisation and differentiation of education of the instructor's own 4th grade class, while looking at a particular example of two students in that class. The practical part finds solutions from this active research that is interpreted as a case study, and describes the process of individualisation and differentiation from the point of view of working with teaching devices.
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Individualized Czech language teaching methods by MGML
Suchá, Jana ; Kargerová, Jana (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis titled Individualized Czech language teaching methods by MGML represents MultiGradeMultiLevel didactic system, which was developed based on the training needs of poor rural people in Rishi Valley, in India. It is a highly structured system, which uses the heterogeneity of students in class. It is realized in perfectly prepared learning environment and with activities based on the principles of constructivism. The main principles correspond to the theory of Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky called Zone of proximal development. The aim of the study is to realize and reflect the teaching of Czech language using the MGML-Methodology and thus use action research to verify the possibility of applying the method in the Czech school environment. The teaching took place in the program Step by Step, because its principles are closest with the MGML-Methodology approach. We conclude that the method can be used as an enriching element in teaching at Czech primary school.
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