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The Function of Speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty
Puc, Jan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee) ; Janoušek, Hynek (referee)
The Function of Speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty The submitted doctoral thesis is an attempt to describe the development of the intentional function of speech in Husserl and Merleau-Ponty. The intentional function is defined as the change of expressed meaning that is engendered by the expression itself. We trace Husserl's position from the Logical Investigations and the first book of his Ideas pertaining to a pure phenomenology and to a phenomenological philosophy, where he describes speech as the non- productive mirroring of other kinds of intentionality, to the late text The Origin of Geometry, where he discerns two functions of speech: it provides thought its ideality, which is different from the ideality of species; and it provides thought its objectivity, i.e. the form of object that lasts in history as identical. In The Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty adopts Husserl's late position with several profound modifications. The starting-point ceases to be the linguistic sign, and speech becomes a kind of gesture. As a consequence, the difference between linguistic and non-linguistic ideality disappears. Furthermore, Merleau-Ponty holds that the expression accomplishes the meaning of what it expresses. In this way, speech becomes creative and ceases to be just an empty intention of...
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The Relationship of Hedonism and Humanism
Jerman, Ondřej ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis discusses the relationship between humanism and hedonism. However, its main objective is not to explain the terms in their summarized historical relatedness but to point out their internal coherence. The fundamental issue the thesis deals with is the fact that sentient beings suffer from sorrow. Enumerating the reasons why it is important to search for a solution would be a waste of our reader's time. It is necessary to understand that we don't expect empirical science to solve the problem since - despite the enthusiasm significant for this modern period - has not introduced any relief from sorrow. Here comes the opportunity for philosophy and, eventually, ethics. In its first part the thesis maps out the context of humanism and hedonism, studies their apparent as well as hidden nature, and lays the conceivable foundations of humanistic hedonism. The following section suggests a set of particular steps. Adhering to these instructions makes it possible to experience delight and to eliminate sorrow.
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Celebrating the Hussite Triennium as an example of church public communication
Kubrová, Alžběta ; Orban, Karol (advisor) ; Pilati, Miroslava (referee)
This work is concerned with church communication in the Czech Republic, focusing on the Czechoslovak Hussite Church. Using case study, it looks at it as the church is organization with its own corporate communication and examines a concrete campaign ‚the Hus Fest 2015' from the marketing perspective. The aim of the text is to find the specifics of church communication of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church and to come up with new recomendations. These are summed up at the end in ten key points. The text proceeds from a very general part about communication to differences in public sector communication trought church communication to end with the specifics of The C. H. church communication. The writing was formed during the process of developing the campaign of Hus Fest. Besides the author's experience, it draws particulary from the schemes of Cornellisen's Corporate Communiaction and Kotler's Marketing in the Public Sector.
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Technical Translation and Organized Translating Activities in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Chmelařová, Eliška ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kolaříková, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis discusses the topic of the organized translation activities in the second half of the 20th century. It focuses especially on translators of technical texts. The purpose of the thesis is to provide the basic overview of organizations and institutions which operated in Czechoslovakia, and to which the translation activities were concentrated. There is no similar systematic overview in the home professional literature yet. The research method of the oral history was realized via interviews with witnesses. Case studies, dealing in detail with one or another of the examined organizations or institutions, like International Federation of Translators, Translation Department of the Czechoslovakian Writer's Union, translation department in Škoda Auto a.s., International Organisation of Journalists, Prague City Tourism and World Federation of Trade Unions, resulted from the interviews. The information from the interviews was compared and general conclusions about the translating work in the second half of the 20th century were stated. KEY WORDS extern translator, institution, intern translator, technical translation, oral history, organization, organized activities, case study
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Media representation of the costruction of gender roles in a total institutionon the example of Orange is the new black
Pavlíková, Tereza ; Baslarová, Iva (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
The diploma thesis Media representation of the construction of gender roles in a total institution on the example of Orange Is the New Black series is a content research with application of qualitative methods, which analyses and describes the use of feminine and masculine gender roles in a women's prison. The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part I described the theory, which is essential for understanding the topic. Here I looked into the history and theory of total institutions, prisons and imprisonment. I also put and emphasis on gender, theories of social and media construction of reality and gendered media content. In the second, methodological part I characterized the analysis sample and the research method. I also defined thematic categories, research questions and objectives of the research. The research is based on the ethnographic research of Kateřina Nedbálková. With the help of her analysis I defined the analytical categories, into which I divided the research. I analyzed selected data and from those I deduced relevant conclusions, I answered my research questions and evaluated the given objectives.
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The economic role of the state in globalized economy
Juřík, Richard ; Bažantová, Ilona (advisor) ; Seknička, Pavel (referee)
in English This diploma thesis encompasses the idea of the economic role of a state in relation to trends of globalization applying political science, political economy and economic geography. The idea goes on by progressively defined conceptions of societal institutions - the concept of a state and political nation on basis of the social contract, the conception of the fair society on basis of the work called Justice as Fairness by John Rawls, conception of globalization in terms of its trends in the area of changing division of work and rising income inequality, and conception of the character of changing roles of a state in relation to globalization and economy. Reference state is a small, internationaly opened, democratic and developed society, which holds western values and norms. It is assumed that in such society individuals pursue their own happiness as a notion of good life. In this aspect Justice as Fairness theory was chosen as a framework for society of equal citizens where economic transactions are considered fair and everybody is given the chance to pursue their own vision of their lives and such state of society shall remain preserved in time. Two main economic roles of a state are concluded by the analysis of consequences of chosen trends of globalization in relation to the...
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Warfare and Institutional Communication on Social Media in 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
Kopečný, Ondřej ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
The thesis concerns with communication of Armenian and Azerbaijani Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Ministries of Defence on Facebook in relation to 2020 Nagorno Karabakh conflict. The official institutional accounts were used to bolster one sided narratives of the conflict, often by emotional appeals and misinformation targeting international and domestic audence. By analyzing FB communication of the named institutions, it aims to identify the key narrative-building tools utilized by state institutions in communication practice and how these tools are used prior to and during wartime. It also aims at comparing the communication practice across the institutions and in between the countries by analyzing Facebook posts of named ministries over period of 100 days using a dataset generated via Crowdtangle.
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Differentiation of institutional quality and competitiveness of European regions
Staňková, Natálie ; Květoň, Viktor (advisor) ; Pělucha, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of the quality of institutions illustrated with example the risk of corruption in public procurement, and the impact of the quality of institutions on the regional competitiveness. Specifically, it focuses on the relationship between corruption risk in public procurement and indicators of the quality of government, economic performance and innovation performance. The theoretical part deals with the role of institutions in regional development, and institutional factors influencing the competitiveness and innovation performance of regions, as well as corruption and its manifestations in public procurement. The empirical part presents the European interregional differences in the level of corruption in public procurement, and the impact of corruption in public procurement on the quality of government, economic performance and innovation performance. Research shows the corruption in public procurement determines the quality of government across European regions, especially in Western and Central Europe. On the other hand, corruption in public procurement has little effect on the economic and innovation performance of regions. Key worlds: institution, innovation, competitiveness, corruption, public procurement
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Infertility experience: retrospective biographical reconstruction of now fertile women
Ulrichová, Eva ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Spalová, Barbora (referee)
This master's thesis focuses on the retrospective biographical interviews with three now fertile women who as narrators retrospectively create their identities during the experience with the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. I also explored how the medical and social institution could lead to a change of identity of female infertility. This master's thesis is based on theory of Erving Goffman about patients in total institution: this theory supports the idea that total (medical) institution destroys the patient's original identity and then constructs new identity. The major result of this master's thesis found four different changes in woman's identity during the experience of infertility: identity of implicitly fertile woman and potential mother, denial of identity and the process of accepting a new identity, identity of infertile woman and patient's identity, and mother's identity. The changes of woman's identity are based on diagnostic phase. Therefore I decided to separate them into four various period in this research: pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, post-diagnostic and contra-diagnostic. I also found a difference between Goffman's theory and my results: Based on my research I concluded that the construction of identity of infertile women in the diagnostics and treatment of infertility is...
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