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Comparison of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Mini-Mental State Examination in screening diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease
Orlíková, Hana ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
This thesis deals with the neuropsychological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The aim is to evaluate the psychometric characteristics ofthe new Czech translation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) by comparison with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a method widely used by doctors inscreening diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease. The theoretical part deals with the diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. We describe international diagnostic criteria of cognitive disorders and provide an overview of the screening neuropsychological methods most commonly used by Czech specialists. We summarize the current psychometric and psychodiagnostic findings on these methods and focuse on description of MMSE and MoCA. In the empirical part we compare Czech version of MMSE and MoCA-CZ (the new Czech translation of the test). We examined 38 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 70 cognitively healthy seniors. The results show that MoCA-CZ is sufficiently valid and reliable screening method that accurately distinguishbetween healthy subjects and patiens with Alzheimer's disease. We believe that it can enrich screening tools that are available to Czech experts. Key words: Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination, Alzheimer's disease, psychodiagnostics,...
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The selected methods of social work with clients self - non sufficient in health care facilities
Kiliánová, Hana ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
The main goal of the thesis entitled "The selected methods of social work with clients self-non sufficient in health care facilities" was to describe and to analyze methods used in activation of the elderly suffering from dementia. It draws a comparison of different settings and explores workers's attitude to the methods of activation. The text of the thesis was mapped out into five chapters. The first chapter was set into the context of old age and ageing. The second chapter is concerned with the issues of self-sufficiency and dependency of old age and other related issues. The topic of the third chapter is old age in relation with memory. It defines memory and memory disorders in the elderly suffering from dementia. The fourth chapter is crucial and gives an idea of non-pharmacological and other possible activities which are eligible for application in practice and are intended to reduce cognitive disorders of cognitive functions and behavior disorders. The theoretical part enters into research carried out in four facilities which care for clients with dementia. The research section is represented by a qualitative research where methods of a half structured interview and observation were opted for. The interviews were realized with eight practicing experts. The outcomes gathered from the...
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Chronic Patients' Depression
Pečinková, Jana ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Loneková, Katarína (referee)
This thesis "Chronic Patients' Depression" looks into Alzheimer's disease patients' depression. Theoretical part focuses on topics of old age, dementia syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and depression. These topics are described also in their associations. Current researches in the field of study are mentioned too. Practical part deals with presence of depression in Alzheimer's persons. Hypothesis that depression is more frequent in early stage of dementia is tested. In the research there is used standardised method - Yesevage's Geriatric Depression Scale. Other methods which can bring new information is also used (Geriatric Depression Scale filled in by caring persons and structured observation). The outcome is 9,7% Alzheimer's patients suffer from depression. More persons with depression we can find in a group of Alzheimer's early stage however difference between group of early and advanced stage is not significant. This study occupies with assets of other methods for diagnostic of depression.
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The relationship between subjective perception of cognitive impairment and objective neuropsychological performance
Marková, Hana ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of Subjective memory complaints (SMC) in elderly population in relation to early diagnostics of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The term of SMC describes patients with subjective perception of cognitive impairment which is not objectivized during a complex neuropsychological assessment. The character of their subjective complaints has not been thoroughly examined, despite their increased risk to develop cognitive impairment, most likely due to AD (Reisberg, et al., 2008). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to verify the clinical significance of the concept of SMC and to characterize subjective complaints in SMC in comparison to patients with cognitive deficit at the stage of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and in comparison to cognitively healthy elderly (HE). SMC and aMCI patients did not differ in the amount of subjective complaints, but SMC patients reported significantly more complaints compared to HE. The difference in the amount of complaints reported by the patients themselves and by their informants was found neither in aMCI, nor in SMC patients. There were identified questions which may distinguish between SMC and aMCI patients, and questions which may distinguish between SMC patients and HE; that means questions able to distinguish...
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Possibilities of Occupational Therapy in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Turková, Monika ; Straková, Eva (advisor) ; Nováková, Olga (referee)
OF BACHELOR THESIS Author of bachelor thesis: Monika Turková Thesis supervisor: Mgr. Eva Straková, Ph.D. Title of bachelor thesis: Possibilities of Occupational Therapy in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Abstract: This Bachelor's thesis addresses Alzheimer's disease ("AD") in the context of its impact on the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living ("ADL") and possible improvement through occupational therapy interventions. In its initial part, the thesis provides information on AD (risk factors, incidence rate, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnostics, stages of the disease, treatment); the second part focuses on the use of occupational therapy in AD patients (methods of occupational therapy used in practice, their impact on the ability to perform ADL, ADL assessment and selected interventions in the area of ADL). The thesis aims to provide information on the possibilities of influencing the ability of patients with AD to perform ADL from the point of view of occupational therapy. Another partial aim is to give an overview of the needs of patients with AD concerning the individual ADL areas and a systematic summary of selected types of interventions. Articles and studies serving as an information basis were gathered from selected electronic databases available to the students of Charles...
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Effects of Neurotransmission-Modulating Multipotent Compounds in Pharmacological Animal Models of Cognitive Deficit
Chvojková, Markéta ; Valeš, Karel (advisor) ; Kuchař, Martin (referee) ; Rudá, Jana (referee)
In preclinical research on Alzheimer's disease pharmacotherapy, attention is paid to multipotent compounds, enabling intensification of the effect by targeting multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of the thesis was to assess the effect of multipotent compounds and combination therapy in models of cognitive deficit in the rat. The mechanism of action of the tested compounds was modulation of neurotransmitter systems. The aim of the first part of the study was to compare the effect of experimental monotherapy and combination therapy with an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and a γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor positive modulator in the trimethyltin-induced model. Superiority of the combination therapy was proven by histological analysis of hippocampal neurodegeneration; however, it did not reach statistical significance in the cognitive test. The other part of the thesis focused on multipotent tacrine derivatives. We demonstrated a positive effect of 6- chlorotacrine-6-nitrobenzothiazole hybrid, as well as 6-chlorotacrine-L-tryptophan hybrid, acting as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, in the scopolamine-induced model of cognitive deficit. Besides, we demonstrated a low risk of serious side effects of other tacrine derivatives acting as NMDA receptor antagonists....
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