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Knowledge of paramedical personnels in the areas of prevention and care of pressure ulcers
Rosová, Magdaléna ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Knowledge of non-medical nursing staff in the field of prevention and treatment of decubitus" deals with the general knowledge of nurses in the field of prevention and treatment of decubitus in the internal and surgical wards of Motol University Hospital. Decubitus represents a widespread and increasingly topical problem in hospitalized patients, where it is essential that non-medical nursing staff are oriented in this area and know the latest trends in prevention and treatment. The aims: The aim of the study is to determine the level of knowledge of nurses in the field of treatment and prevention of decubitus working at the Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery of the 2nd Medical Faculty of Charles University and Motol University Hospital and the 3rd Surgical Clinic of the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and Motol University Hospital. The methods: To collect data for the empirical part, a quantitative survey was conducted using a non-standardized questionnaire. The target group was all nurses working in the standard ward and intensive care unit, the Internal Medicine and Surgery Clinics of the 2nd Medical Faculty of Charles University and Motol University Hospital and the 3rd Clinic of the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and Motol University Hospital....
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Informing the lay public about stroke and its prevention
Butala, Žaneta ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Klokočková, Šárka (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "The lay public's awareness of stroke and its prevention" examines the lay public's awareness of stroke and its prevention in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The aim of the work was to determine the level of awareness of the lay public about stroke and its prevention options, with regard to comparing the situation in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The theoretical part of the work provides a complete overview of the basic anatomy of the brain, including its vascular supply, the mechanisms of this disease, symptomatic manifestations, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic options and preventive measures related to cerebrovascular accident. The empirical part contains the results of the own exploratory investigation. The exploratory research method was a survey available in both language versions - self-edited. The survey was distributed via an online form. A total of 334 duly completed forms were included in the research, 241 from the Czech Republic and 93 from the Slovak Republic. Results: The obtained data point to significant variability in awareness of stroke between the two investigated countries, while there is a noticeable difference in the level of awareness of this issue in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It has been proven that awareness regarding the prevention of...
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Readiness of beginning teachers for prevention and solution of school bullying
Fáčková, Jana ; Zvírotský, Michal (advisor) ; Richterová, Magdalena (referee)
ABSTRACT This master's thesis is focused on how theoretically prepared new teachers are in the matter of preventing and dealing with school bullying. The theoretical section is focused on explaining certain terminology related to school bullying, and describes the role of the teacher and new teacher. This section discusses the important role of preventive methods at schools, possible measures to prevent bullying and approaches to dealing with bullying, both in terms of the bullying of pupils and teachers. The practical section analyses two elementary schools in the Central Bohemian Region. These schools differ in terms of pupil numbers, style of teaching and staffing. Only 52 respondents filled out the questionnaire. I also sent the questionnaire to experienced teachers, and I was interested in their approach to the minimum preventive programme. In interviews with teachers who are only setting out on their professional careers, I also ascertained how university education has prepared them for possible cases of school bullying and whether the teaching profession has met their expectations. A part of my empirical research also included interviews with prevention methodologists and a school psychologist. In the final section, recommendations are suggested for new teachers and schools to prevent school...
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Difference in approaches to prevention and therapy of male and female football players with ACL injury - research paper
Leszkow, David ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Reckziegelová, Petra (referee)
Title: Differences in Approaches to Prevention and Therapy for Female and Male Football Players with ACL Injuries - A Systematic Review Objective: The main aim of this thesis is to investigate whether there are different approaches to the prevention and treatment of ACL injuries in male and female football players. Methods: The thesis is prepared as a theoretical text in the form of a systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science and PEDro databases. The first part of the thesis contains the current status of the studied issue, theoretical background and treatment options for ACL injuries. The second part is descriptive-analytical in nature. It contains an analysis of the studies included in the thesis. Results: After the search, 4 studies met the criteria. Each of them focused on injury prevention, but unfortunately none of them investigated physiotherapy as such. However, the evaluation of the studies shows that both men and women use the same prevention programmes in football, which can reduce the risk of injury by up to 50 %. A limitation of the search is that most of the studies used did not examine the effect of prevention on both sexes simultaneously. Keywords: ACL, LCA, přední zkřížený vaz, ruptura, plastika, prevence, poranění, fyzioterapie, rehabilitace, postup, ženy, muži,...
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Support for students with mental health disorders at a selected high school
Hejhalová, Tereza ; Machovcová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Zicha, Zbyněk (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The thesis focuses on the occurrence of mental disorders in adolescents and the provision of support through school counseling services. This topic is current and requires extensive discussion and increased public attention due to the growing issue of mental health problems among young people. The aim of the thesis is not only to clarify but also to describe in detail the issue of mental disorders in adolescents, with a special focus on school counseling centers and their staff. The theoretical part of the thesis presents an analysis of basic concepts related to health, adolescence, and mental disorders. It also includes a list of the most common mental disorders occurring in this age group. In addition, it provides a detailed analysis of the school counseling system, which provides a deeper insight into the structure and organization of the support provided. The practical part of the thesis utilizes qualitative research, which includes observations of the school environment, analysis of school documents, and interviews with school counseling center staff. These methods allow for an insight into the practical aspect of providing help and support to students with mental disorders in the selected school environment. The research section focuses on a detailed analysis of the counseling services...
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Speech therapy prevention from the perspective of the kindergarten director
Nedvědická, Veronika ; Urbanová, Eva (advisor) ; Dostálová, Vladimíra (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of speech therapy prevention from the perspective of the kindergarten director. In accordance with the aim of the thesis, it analyses the current situation and identifies the possibilities of support and risks in the field of speech therapy prevention in selected kindergartens. It studies the state and level of work in kidergartens in terms of ensuring cooperation with a special pedagogical center, a pedagogical-psychological counselling center, a clinical speech therapist and further education of pedagogical staff with a focus on speech therapy assistants. It also indicates the possibilities of obtaining financial resources for aids for children with speech disorders, for further education of teaching staff or for possible cooperation with a clinical speech therapist directly in the kindergarten. The thesis also mentions the grant programs offered by the Ministry of Education and Culture. It also outlines a possible procedure for changing or increasing the efficiency of speech therapy prevention and motivational methods for the active approach of teaching staff, which can be used by the kindergarten director. The theoretical part of the work is complemented by the analysis of the research survey data, for which the qualitative research method was chosen....
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Prevention of bullying at a selected primary school
Růžičková, Tereza ; Richterová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Blažková, Veronika (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue and prevention of bullying in elementary school. The theoretical part of the thesis characterizes concepts in relation to the topic. It deals with the prevention of risky behavior, especially bullying in the Czech Republic. It examines not only individual components of prevention, but also individual differences and its history. It deals with the difference between specific and non-specific prevention and describes its purpose. The theoretical part also focuses on the school's preventive program and its characteristics. Part of the diploma thesis is also a practical part, which is focused on the prevention of bullying at a specific primary school. It mainly focuses on how to approach the prevention of bullying. The work is processed as a case study and qualitative research is used to obtain the necessary data, specifically an interview in which the participants from the ranks of pedagogues, the teacher of the school group, prevention methodologists and the school principal took part. The goal is to find out whether specific or non-specific prevention is carried out at the school and whether the participants, school employees, are aware of its purpose. If non-specific prevention is implemented, whether it is based on otherness - whether it shows that so-called...
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Well-being of students of the Faculty of Education and a prevention of burnout syndrom
Bílková, Nikola ; Frombergerová, Anna (advisor) ; Rudorfer, Lothar Filip (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of well-being of university students from Faculties of Education across the Czech Republic. The aim of the theoretical part was to introduce and define the concept of well-being in terms of the most well-known theories and to describe what specifically defines well-being of university students. For orientation, the developmental period that corresponds to studying at university was briefly described. Next, the theory focuses on the stressors of college study and what coping strategies for coping with stress are effective or not for students. The research part was conducted qualitatively. Its purpose was to describe the experience of 7 students from Faculties of Education via semi-structured interviews. The data from the interviews were further analyzed and interpreted through reflective thematic analysis. The outcome of the research are the 4 most significant themes tied to students' well-being. The research shows that motivation and attitude towards education are central to students' perceived well-being. Also that relationships and support help students the most in their education journey. Last but not least, that the most strongest stressor for student are time demands. Lastly, the research also makes recommendations for universities, specifically to...
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Prevention and therapy of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection
Polívková, Sylvia ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor) ; Krbková, Lenka (referee) ; Rožnovský, Luděk (referee)
Introduction: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common nosocomial gastrointestinal infection, it is associated with antibiotic use and due to the spread of epidemic strains of C. difficile, there are differences in the course and severity of the disease. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with CDI, to perform molecular analysis of isolates , and then to correlate CDI course and treatment outcomes with the causative ribotypes. Furthermore, the efficacy of antibiotic regimens in the treatment of CDI was evaluated with the severity and number of CDI episodes. Methods: The observational cohort study was conducted in 2013-2016 at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Bulovka University Hospital in Prague. Patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI were included in the study. C. difficile isolates were characterized by ribotyping, multiple variable tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and examination of antibiotic resistance determinants (mutations in gyrA, gyrB, rpoB genes or the presence of ermB). Univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic regimens (metronidazole, vancomycin, combination of vancomycin and metronidazole, fidaxomicin). Subgroup analyses were performed based on the number and severity of CDI episodes. Results: A...
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