|
|
CzechCarbo - studium cyklu uhlíku v terestrických ekosystémech ČR
Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, Praha ; Ostravská univerzita, Ostrava ; Univerzita Karlova, Praha ; Ústav pro hospodářskou úpravu lesů, Brandýs nad Labem ; Ústav ekologie krajiny AV ČR ; IDS Information and Data Systems, Praha ; Ústav pro výzkum lesních ekosystémů, s.r.o. , Strašice ; Jihočeská univerzita České Budějovice ; ENKI o.p.s., Třeboň ; Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita, Brno ; Ústav systémové biologie a ekologie AV ČR, České Budějovice ; Ústav ekologie krajiny AV ČR, České Budějovice ; Maxa, Josef ; Líšková, Zuzana ; Cudlínová, Eva ; Lapka, Miroslav ; Zemek, František ; Matějka, Karel ; Cudlín, Pavel ; Macků, Jaromír ; Henžlík, Vladimír ; Cienciala, Emil ; Černý, Martin ; Apltauer, Jan ; Janouš, Dalibor ; Šantrůčková, Hana ; Albrechtová, Jana ; Formánek, Pavel ; Špunda, Vladimír ; Čížková, Hana ; Soukupová, J. ; Urban, Otmar ; Huth, Radan ; Dubrovský, Martin ; Pokorný, Radek ; Marek, Michal V.
Projekt CzechCarbo představuje integrační projekt řešící problematiku studia cyklu uhlíku v terestrických ekosystémech ČR s využitím metodických přístupů umožňujících pochopit, predikovat a oceňovat bilanci uhlíku v ČR . Projekt je rozdělen do 8 pracovních segmentů. 1. Scénáře vývoje klimatu na území ČR s ohledem na globální změnu klimatu. 2. Studium mechanismů fyziologických procesů kontrolujících příjem a metabolismus uhlíku (účinkové procesové studie). 3. Rozvoj observační sítě "fluxes towers" umožňujících sledovat toky CO2 v základních typech ekosystémů ČR (lesy, louky, mokřady, agro-ekosystémy). 4. Zdokonalení regionálního území (území ČR) systému pro stanovení uhlíkové bilance terestrických (především lesních) ekosystémů, který lze použít při verifikaci a naplňování závěrů Kjótského protokolu. 5. Vypracování metodologie, která by byla schopna předpovídat budoucí vývoj a chování terestrických uhlíkových "sinků" v měřítku ČR. 6. Management lesních, lučních, mokřadních, vodních ekosystémů a agroekosystémů, snižující důsledky GHG (skleníkových plynů) a zvyšující příjem a ukládání C v krajině. 7. Změny koloběhu uhlíku v kontextu změny využití krajiny ČR (resp. globálních společenských a přírodních změn). 8. Sociální a ekonomické důsledky globální změny klimatu s ohledem na "land-use changes" a strategické chování společnosti. Příoha: Vázání uhlíku lesními ekosystémy a jeho místo v systému celospolečenských funkcí lesů. Ve zprávě jsou popsány výsledky, kterých bylo dosaženo v projektu v jednotlivých segmentech.
|
|
|
Ecological water service accidents in Tábor region during 1995 - 2005
URBAN, Jan
Ecological water service accidents in Tabor region during 1995 - 2005 In developed, densely populated area the requirements for water are increasing, as for the element that is necessary for life on Earth and for the production processes in human society. To ensure this needs covering became a limit factor of development of all economic spheres during the last years. That´s why the water management is getting into a front of public interest. The requirements naturally increase also in others economic spheres and all life fields. Filling of these requirements is connected with many actions, that influence the water purity. Beside the consequent water pollution or water quality inducement , we can talk also about the water-service accidents. Usually we speak about the emergent situations, that have the negative influence on a water useful qualities and cause biological, sanitary, visual and other defects. Redevelopment of these accidents are very laboured and expensive. That´s why the goal of all actions spheres is to precede the pollution of surface and underground waters in time. Subject of this work was the examination of water-service accidents in Tabor region in period of 1995 {--} 2005. The base of the examinated samples was a try to analyze the emergent situation causes, evaluation of solution mechanism of water-service accidents and evaluation of their incidences. By using the current knowledges the conclusions were deduced not only for the prevential sphere, but also for action-redevelopment and financial part of final stabilization. From the database 1995 {--}2005 were found, that on the Tábor region there were a 142 emergent accidents examinated {--} pollution, surface or undeground water threats, or technical problems in given region. Most of the problems were identified in agriculture and water-service fields (24% each), other accidents in food industry ( 13%), transport (16%) . Very serious emergent situations appeared on the pipeline, that goes throug the region. Among the unheathy substances the accidens were caused mainly by the oil products (in 52 cases),fertilizers and other substances used in agriculture caused the accidents in 41 cases. Mainly the human factor appears while accident rise {--} in half of examinated cases. From the results was also deducted, that in 18 cases the accidents appeared in water sources protective zone, 4 events happened in Protective zone of natural water accumulation Třeboňsko. 21 accidents caused the fish or other water animals kill. From the given balance-sheet and knowledges the following conclusions for prevential sphere were made: constructions, equipments or actions, that can influence the water situation are made with the agreement of water right authorities, Their contruction {--} technical implementation mostly doesn´t collide with valid regulations and standarts. In prevential sphere is necessary to keep the legal regulations, related mainly to the periodic checks and revisions of objects build for stocking and manipulation with unhealthy substances, also the prosecution of control systems and using the instruments usefull also for the water-service. Not only for the prevential sphere, but also for the check and redevelopment activities theirselves would be suitable to exert the simple analytic components. The negative part during the accident solution is the feedback and laboratory results absence. More workshops and work stations should have their own contra-accident instruments. Wrecking plans should be much more easier, current range should be include into a operating regulations. In the interest of fish and othe water animals protection the cooperation with specialised workplaces and veterinary authorities should be extended. Legal share of competence for the sphere of undergroung water little bit complicate the wrecking situations solution possibilities .
|
|
| |
|
|
The theory of optimum currency area with application to the EU
Janíček, Jan ; Dočkal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Urban, Luděk (referee)
The goal of this work is to apply the theory of optimum currency areas in the euro area, and outline the positive and negative effects of monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB). Furthermore, it should highlight the benefits and risks arising from the entry of the Member States of the European Monetary Union (EMU) and the related macroeconomic implications. Start of work will be aimed at the theory of optimum currency area, which will be developed this issue from different angles, which is essential for the understanding of other contexts. Subsequently, work will be devoted to the European Union in terms of creation and development of the European Monetary Union and the ruling of the European Central Bank. The next section will explore the benefits and risks of the monetary union. In this context, the important concepts of transaction processing costs, exchange rates and costs of monetary union, but also increase inequality between richer and poorer regions, and others. In the final part of the work will focus on the macroeconomics effects of European monetary union, such as economic growth, inflation and unemployment.
|
|
|
Development of a general and modular approach to C-nucleosides
Kubelka, Tomáš ; Štefko, Martin ; Bárta, Jan ; Joubert, Nicolas ; Urban, Milan ; Chapuis, Hubert Jean ; Hocek, Michal
Highly efficient and modular approach was developed for the synthesis of various types of new (het)aryl C-nucleosides. This protocol consists of the synthesis of haloaryl-C-nucleoside intermediates, followed by a functional group transformation to introduce various substituents. Using this approach protected 2′-deoxy-C-nucleosides bearing halogenated benzene, pyridine, thiophene, furane and pyrimidine were prepared. These intermediates were then submitted to a wide range of palladium-catalyzed reactions. The same approach was also used for preparation of C-nucleosides bearing ribofuranose moiety. Functional ribofuranosides bearing diverse substituted pyridine and benzene nucleobases were prepared in this way.
|
|
|
LC-MS analysis based on probabilistic approach
URBAN, Jan
Liquid chromatography (LC) in tandem with mass spectrometry (MS) is a measurement tool for obtain information about the compounds in the investigated extracts. There were already developed methods for processing and analysis of measured data sets. However, only partial problems of processing/analysis task were handled independently. Therefore, the rst part describes existing methods and techniques commonly used in the LC-MS for the processing and analysis today. In this thesis an approach based on the theory of systems is used for description of abstract model above the measured data. This model encapsulated all processing/analysis steps into appropriate and consistent mathematical space. The creation of this model via description of the measurement device and data outputs is introduced. Abstract model of LC-MS data set is used to decompose the measurement into three partial contributions, the analyte signal, the random noise and the systemic noise. The separation process of the signal could be estimated using the probabilistic approach. That probabilistic approach to the LC-MS analysis was implemented in the developed software, which was published in the Bioinformatics Journal.
|
|
|
Modulární metodiky pro přípravu různých aryl C-2'-deoxyribonukleosidů
Joubert, Nicolas ; Bárta, Jan ; Urban, Milan ; Hocek, Michal
A modular methodology for the syntheses of various substituted aryl C-2´-deoxyribonucleosides has been developed. In each series, a larger scale synthesis of a versatile halogenated C-nucleoside intermediate has been accomplished, followed by its use for a generation of diverse derivatives by displacement of the halogen for alkyl, aryl or amino substituents by cross-coupling or amination reactions. Subsequent deprotection gave the final desired C-2´-deoxyribonucleosides. This methodology has been applied for the development of modular syntheses of 4- or 3-substituted benzene C-nucleosides, 6-substituted pyridin-2-yl C-nucleosides, 6-substituted pyridin-3-yl C-nucleosides and 5-substituted thiophen-2-yl C-nucleosides.
|
|
| |
|
|
Equal opportunities
Poseltová, Zlata ; Němec, Otakar (advisor) ; Urban, Jan (referee)
Theoretical part: characterization of different forms of discrimination. Practical part: labor market analysis from the equal opportunities perspective, equal opportunities implementation into companies, equal opportunities plan (equality plan). Conclusion and recommendation for personal management
|
|
|
Príprava Slovenska na vstup do Hospodárskej a menovej únie
Kirchner, Lukáš ; Urban, Luděk (advisor) ; Bureš, Jan (referee)
Cieľom mojej diplomovej práce je zhodnotiť vhodnosť a pripravenosť Slovenska na vstup do Hospodárskej a menovej únie. Podstatná časť práce popisuje vývoj nominálnej a reálnej konvergencie, ktorá je potrebná pre úspešný vstup do EMU. Ekonomické predpovede sa zhodujú na tom, že Slovensko je na dobrej ceste splniť všetky Maastrichtská kritéria v roku 2007 udržatelným spôsobom i do nasledujúcich rokov. Slovensko vstúpilo do mechanizmu výmenných kurzov ERM II v novembri 2005, preto ostávajú už len 3 mesiace na to, aby splnilo podmienku dvojročnej účasti pred vstupom do EMU. Problémom pred a po vstupe do eurozóny môže byť vyššia inflácia vyvolaná najmä Ballassa-Samuelsonovým efektom. Na udržanie makroekonomickej stability je potrebná reštriktívna fiškálna politika a flexibilita na trhu práce. Ďalšia časť mojej práce sa zaoberá jednotlivými etapami vstupu Slovenska do eurozóny a skúsenosťami Slovinska z prijatia jednotnej meny. Diplomová práca dospieva k záveru, že výhody jednotnej meny z dlhodobého hľadiska prevyšujú nevýhody a Slovenská republika by mala prijať euro v roku 2009. Pri správnom nastavení všetkých politík by slovenská ekonomika mala byť dobre pripravená a schopná prijat euro bez závažných problémov.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.