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Development of social behavior in preschool children using literary works
Kubátová, Tereza ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
This thesis presents options how to acquaint preschool-aged children with etiquette by the work with a book. The theoretical part of this thesis defines the basic terms which are related to etiquette and are crucial to the topic of thesis. It deals with socialization, social and moral development of preschool-aged children. This part gains an insight into etiquette. It sums up the findings about children's literature and takes a deeper view on stories with educational content. There is also a closer view on information how to work with a book in nursery school by the methods of Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking and Three Phase Model of Learning. There were determined five partial goals in the practical part. First of all it was being found out if and in what way the nursery teachers work with children with a topic of the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society. To achieve this goal was made the questionnaire for nursery teachers. On the basis of the outcome of this questionnaire were evaluated five most common difficulties of children's etiquette in the nursery (relationships, observing the rules, table manners, manipulation with things and relationship with authorities). Subsequently there were created educational lessons connected with these five trouble areas, which the...
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Contemporary publishers of books for younger school-aged children from the perspective of pupils: qualitative research
Onderková, Natálie ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Neumann, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis maps the Czech book market from the point of view of the most appreciated Czech publishing houses. Its aim is an overall analysis of Czech publishing houses writing for children and young people, the quality of their production or an assessment of the popularity of literary genres among pupils of younger school age. The focus is mainly on the seventeen most frequently awarded publishing houses in several book competitions over a period of ten years. Both the book contests and the book genres are characterized in more detail in this piece of work. The entire research part of this thesis is based on the literature and detailed research of relevant websites. The practical part of the thesis aims to analyse the reading preferences of second grade students. Specifically, the research focuses on their favourite genre and thematic preferences together with their perception of the production of Czech publishing houses. The research is carried out using the participant observation method and a group interview with the participation of approximately twenty-five pupils of a particular second grade class. The research yielded several most recurrent aspects according to which pupils choose their books. This is, for example, whether animals are featured in the book. Then, it is the size of the font,...
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The development of swimming efficiency of applicants for study of physical education and sport with focus on education at Faculty of Education, Charles University
Grešová, Marieta ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Fořterová, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis is engaged in development of swimming efficiency of applicants for study of physical education and sport with focus on education at Faculty of Education, Charles University. It finds out which swimming style is most frequently chosen by the applicants depending on sex and who is more successful during the entrance exam whether males or females. It estimates how do applicants prepare for a swimming part of talent exam and how long. The work processes five-year swimming part report of talent exam at the department of physical education. Method of quantitative research was used for solving and the data are processed by statistical methods. It uses comparing of acquired data. By the performed research we found out that the most frequently chosen swimming style is crawl and breaststroke was more frequently chosen by females. Males prefer the fastest swimming style more often than females. Males were more successful in entrance exam than females and the equal number of males and females did not finished designated distance. The work shows that the number of unsuccessful applicants in the point evaluation increases over the years. The most applicants prepare themselves from available sources. The length of preparatory is four weeks. Majority of applicants passed a swimming course at...
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Prevention of health risks among volleyball and beach volleyball players
Drahorádová, Olga ; Carboch, Jan (advisor) ; Žáková, Lenka (referee)
iv Abstract Title: Injuries in volleyball and beach volleyball and their prevention Objectives: The main goal of this diploma thesis is to compare the most common injuries in volleyball and beach volleyball in the Czech Republic and to find out their experience of subsequent recovery. Another goal is to find out what injury prevention athletes use and what experience they have with physiotherapy. Methods: Data were used from a non-standardized questionnaire which was filled out by Czech players of volleyball and beach volleyball. The obtained data were processed by software Microsoft Excel into tables and graphs. The questionnaire was completed by a total of 102 respondents. Results: It was evaluated that the highest frequency of injuries is found in the area of the ankle, knee joints and fingers in volleyball players. Conversely, beach players have a most injuries in the area of the lumbar spine and shoulder joints. They most often use kinesio tape of the compensatory aids and massage is the most popular from the forms of regeneration. Keywords: injuries, questionnaire, physiotherapy, Czech Republic
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Design of the flow chart of Electro-Thermal Energy Storage unit with sCO2 circulation and calculation of its parameters
Suchomel, Josef ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
The most commonly used medium for most cycles is water. However, from an ecologi-cal point of view, carbon dioxide is a more suitable medium. Firstly, there will be less water consumption, and secondly, it is a monitored greenhouse gas whose quantity is required to be regulated. In this thesis, a heat plant is proposed, whose medium is CO2. Moreover, it is an electro-thermal energy storage unit, which could play an important role in the regulation of the energy system. The aim of the thesis is first to summarize the current knowledge of the given issue, and then to design a flow chart of the electro-thermal energy storage unit, including individual cycles and basic dimensions of turbomachinery.
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Modern motor vehicle batteries
Komárek, Radim ; Šebela, Kamil (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
In response to pressure from the European Union to reduce emissions, requirements on car manufacturers are increasing, paving the way for a shift from traditional internal combustion engines to electric drives with energy stored in batteries. The battery itself is made up of modules in which battery cells are stored. To get the correct voltage output, the battery modules and the cells in them need to be wired. Where parallel wiring of the cells with serial wiring of the modules is most appropriate. The most commonly used cells are cylindrical and prismatic cells, which are further divided into prismatic cells and pouch cells. Cylindrical designs are suitable for applications where maximum power output is required, while prismatic designs are better in energy efficiency. Thermal management is very important to keep the batteries within a narrow temperature window. Liquid cooling is preferably used, which has an order of magnitude higher efficiency. This thesis focuses on the analysis of these technologies and their impact on the efficiency and lifetime of battery systems in the automotive industry.
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Reduction of vibration and noise at passenger car interior
Patočka, Pavel ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Řehák, Kamil (advisor)
This thesis addresses the issue of reducing vibrations and noise in the interiors of passenger vehicles, which is commonly tackled today by additional soundproofing using vibration-damping and sound-absorbing materials. In the research part of this thesis, besides methods for measuring vibrations and noise, the properties and application methods of these materials are described in detail. As the name of these materials suggests, their main goal is to dampen vibrations and absorb sound. Their principle, in simple terms, consists of converting mechanical or sound energy into another form of energy (most commonly thermal energy). However, the application of these materials to a structure affects its modal properties, including natural frequencies and mode shapes. To further investigate the influence on natural frequencies and mode shapes after applying vibration-damping material to a structure, both numerical and experimental modal and harmonic analyses of a simple metal sheet sample were conducted. The benefits of vibration-damping and sound-absorbing materials in terms of additional vehicle soundproofing were evaluated based on a road test conducted under real operating conditions.
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Evaluation of Sources of Image Media for Deepfake Creation
Andrýsek, Kryštof ; Malinka, Kamil (referee) ; Firc, Anton (advisor)
In the recent years, artificial intelligence has been on the rise and it is starting to become a normal part of our lives. This thesis focuses on the dangers associated with image deepfakes. Nowadays, it turns out that it does not only concern high-ranking political leaders or Hollywood stars, but can affect lives of any of us. This is due to, besides other things, the increasing number of applications with the help of which even a person without expert knowledge and skills can create a deepfake. The primary goal of this thesis is to evaluate the sources that can be used to obtain image media suitable for creating facial deepfakes, and to propose methods that can be used to evaluate the quality of these sources in terms of their appropriateness for the creation of deepfakes. A further aim is to identify groups of people who are at higher risk in relation to image deepfakes, which may help to improve prevention and general knowledge. The paper offers an analysis of the sources used to create facial deepfakes, proposes methods for evaluating their quality, a detailed evaluation of the sources using these methods, and an analysis of the vulnerability of various groups of people. Finally, a questionnaire survey, focusing primarily on social network sources, examines how many and what kind of photos are most frequently shared by ordinary users, and uses this data to refine information about at-risk groups.
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Optimization of production Zn alloy casting by HPDC technology
Odehnal, Pavel ; Kaňa, Václav (referee) ; Krutiš, Vladimír (advisor)
The master thesis deals with the analysis and design of a solution for removing defects on a selected zinc casting. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the description of individual types of zinc alloys, which are most often used in common practice. It is followed by a description of the technology of high-pressure casting and what types of technologies and machine designs for high-pressure casting are standardly used in operation. The most common defects in high-pressure die casting are also described. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of a defect in a selected manufactured zinc casting with the determination of which defect it is. A non-destructive test is carried out on the casting to analyse the rate of occurrence of this defect, followed by an analysis using numerical simulation, and making several modifications to reduce the rate of occurrence of this defect.
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Ammonia as an alternative fuel
Radil, Jan ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
Replacing current fossil fuels as one of the main causes of the high levels of unwanted particles in the air with greener alternatives is growing in importance every year. In recent years, ammonia has become one of the most frequently investigated alternative fuels with the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transport and energy sectors. This bachelor thesis examines the issue of this substance in the context of its use as a fuel. Thesis brings an overview of the current state of research and development of ammonia as an alternative fuel and highlights its potential and challenges in the transition to a low-carbon economy. The reader is introduced to the basic properties of ammonia, production, transport and storage technologies. Comparisons with other fuels, in particular hydrogen, as another alternative fuel are also included. An overview of the possible applications of ammonia as a fuel in current internal combustion engines and fuel cells is also given. This overview is supported by several studies and researches that are currently dealing with this issue. Besides this, the thesis also mentions the most discussed projects for the application of ammonia as a fuel in the automotive and marine industries. In conclusion, all the collected informations are summarized and specific conclusions are drawn in terms of possible future applications of ammonia as a fuel.
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