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Sartre and His Perception by Czech Intellectuals in 1960s
Molodkina, Irina ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee) ; Emler, David (referee)
The relationships between the power blocs during the Cold war have been researched by scholars. The question of the influence of Western ideas and representatives on the political thought in Czechoslovakia is still discussed. Although major differences were happening due to the work of institutions, their functioning was not possible without specific personalities. The aim of this thesis is to show how Jean-Paul Sartre and his arrival to Prague in 1960s did influence Czech intellectuals. The issue is approached by the review of the biography of the French philosopher, highlighting crucial events that linked him more with the Czechoslovak society, and then analyzing the way the Czech intellectuals reacted to his ideas and statements. Sartre was chosen as an intellectual who was uniting both, the East and the West, and went through a change of views, after the occurrence of several international events with the direct intervention of the USSR. Realistic views of the Czech representatives are facing relatively optimistic ideas of Sartre on the reformation of the Marxist ideology and preservation of it as the ruling one.
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"These are citizens of our country. We are their servants." A case study of Pierre Poilievre as an example of growing Canadian populism within the framework of Cas Mudde's scholarship
Mola-Schmidt, Amelia ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
As scholars who have studied populism in the Canadian context have noted, Canada has previously held a false sense of immunity to the rise of populism due its multiculturalism that was seen as a barrier for the traditional xenophobic and culturally exclusive values of populist politicians in other Western democracies. Forms of populism that have arisen in Canada have taken the form of "neoliberal populism", an ideology rooted in fiscal conservatism and the belief that less government intervention is better. However, the election of Pierre Poilievre as leader of the Federal Conservative party has indicated a shift in the political spectrum, that populism is gaining traction on a mainstream level. As Cas Mudde has written about in his literature on populism, the mainstream media play an active role in shaping the discourse around populists, often giving them more air time due to their sensationalist behaviour that make for viral soundbites. So how has the Canadian media responded to Poilievre, and how does the political alignment of media impact the coverage he gets? This study will seek to answer these questions and provide insights into how the Canadian media may contribute to further political polarisation in society.
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Perception of the "culture wars" concept in American media
Šimek, Jan ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
American society is going through an era of deep social and political divisions. At the forefront of this deepening divide are the so-called culture wars, an umbrella term for a set of narratives around cultural and social issues that both sides of the conflict use to advance their political goals. This thesis aims to determine how much space culture wars themes occupy in the production of selected American media outlets, how these themes are projected onto their audiences and how this influences the audience's trust in the mainstream media. The first part of the thesis presents the methodology used in collecting and evaluating the data used in the research for this thesis. The theoretical section also defines concepts and terms related to the topic of the thesis. The practical part of the thesis will then focus on the evaluation of the data from the questionnaire survey conducted among American media consumers between May and June 2023.
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Political Power in Political Sociology
Hlavička, Petr ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Císař, Ondřej (referee)
Master thesis Author: Bc. Petr Hlavička Field of study: Sociology Thesis supervisor: Mgr. Tomáš Dvořák, PhD. Year of submission: 2023 Abstrakct: English Abstract: In this thesis, I examine political power in political sociology. The aims of this thesis are to identify the direction in which contemporary research on power is moving and to produce a synthesis of the knowledge that emerges from the study of power. To do this, I use an understanding of power through the lens of political sociology, which studies the manifestations of power in society and how power and society interact. In order to achieve the goals of this thesis, I first summarize all of the starting points that have emerged historically in the study of power. I then explored the perspectives of contemporary authors using qualitative methods, specifically semi-systematic sampling, which allowed me to select the sample for the study, and thematic analysis. I described what starting points contemporary authors use in their research, how they view historical starting points, and what new starting points are emerging in the study of power. The thesis then also forms a chronological overview of where the study of power has gone.
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Meanings of the word populism and their changes in czech political debate 2013-2021
Staněk, Jan ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
The thesis "The Meanings of the Word Populism and Their Transformations in the Czech Political Debate 2013-2021" deals with how the term populism and its derivatives were portrayed in the Czech media between 2013 and 2021, with a focus on the periods of political campaigns before the elections to the Czech Chamber of Deputies. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the main concepts addressed by contemporary academic research on this phenomenon are summarized, including the theory of populism as a thin ideology, political discourse, and socio-cultural phenomenon. Furthermore, the contemporary context of the examined period is presented, including the main political actors, the course of election campaigns, and the topics that appeared in the political and media debate during the investigated period. The methodological part introduces the research method used, which is Berelson's content quantitative analysis, and outlines its basic limitations. The practical part first presents the research itself and its parameters, including predetermined hypotheses and research questions it works with. Subsequently, the results are presented, confronted with the hypotheses, and an answer to the research question is sought. Among the main findings of the practical part of the thesis is the revelation of a...
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Content analysis of Mikýřova úžasná pouť internetem
Šturm, Marcel ; Zápotocký, Jan (advisor) ; Šuhajová, Klára (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on content analysis and audience survey of the show Mikýřova úžasná pouť internetem. The aim of the thesis is to gain a thorough understanding of the content and evaluation of this popular program, which explores various internet phenomena and experiences. The thesis employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The qualitative analysis focuses on the content of the show Mikýřova úžasná pouť internetem, examining the themes, stories, and presentation style. The quantitative analysis focuses on audience survey through a questionnaire, collecting demographic information, opinions, and viewers' preferences. The conducted analyses and surveys are subsequently evaluated and presented in the thesis. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the content of the show Mikýřova úžasná pouť internetem, as well as the preferences and evaluations of the audience. The thesis offers insights into how the show appeals to viewers, how content is created for the show, and how viewers perceive and respond to the content. The findings of this thesis can serve as a basis for further research in the field of media content and audience analysis. The thesis contributes to a better understanding of internet phenomena while also helping to enhance the content and...
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Populist Trends in Republican Presidential Nomination Acceptance Speeches
Benson, Sophie ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
Bibliographic note BENSON, Sophie Elisabeth. Populist Trends in Republican Presidential Nomination Acceptance Speeches. Mater thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Sociological Studies and Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism. Supervisor prof. Mgr. Anna Shavit, Ph.D. Abstract Populist rhetoric was quantified in all US Republican presidential nomination speeches between 1968 and 2020 utilizing Paul Taggat's model of Populism as an index to discern the viability of populist rhetoric as an effective campaign strategy in light of the shrinking core demographics of the Republican Party. The data found underscored the 2013 Growth and Opportunity Project conducted by the Republican National Convention (RNC) that the core demographics of the RNC were shrinking in electoral relevance and that the RNC was not persuasive with demographics that existed outside of their core constituency. This research showed that while populism is an everpresent phenomenon in RNC campaign rhetoric it is not sufficient in compensating for the depleting electoral strength that once guaranteed definitive electoral victories. Additionally, neither the degree of populism recorded in the speech nor in the audience response thereto correlates to the electoral outcomes. While populism is a powerful...
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Media Image of Deputies in Czech Daily Press
Sůsa, Richard ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Charvát, Jakub (referee)
1 Abstract Diploma thesis Media Image of Deputies in Czech Daily Press focuses on the identification of factors influencing the media image of certain Czech high-profile politicians. A three- year research period analyses the depiction of all members of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. Four Czech daily newspapers with the highest readership figures are chosen for the analysis, the sample is selected via the constructed weeks method. For clarity and to avoid the possible influence of strong media attention directed at the members of government, only the deputies who do not hold such executive office are included. The opening chapters provide an overview of a theoretical approach to political communication development and studies, as well as international research on politicians' media visibility. An extensive chapter depicts the establishment of an original Czech parliament-the Czech National Council-as well as its role in the establishment of the Czech Republic and the position of the Chamber of Deputies in the country's current political system set by the Constitution. As it holds a slight significance for the way politics is presented in the media, an overview of the electoral system and its main influential reforms is also included in this thesis. The...
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Czech modern conservatism in the light of the SPOLU (Together) coalition
Rumiantceva, Iuliia ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines contemporary Czech conservatism in the context of the SPOLU coalition, which currently consists of three political parties (ODS, TOP 09 and KDU-ČSL). The main goal of the work is to analyze different approaches to conservatism within the coalition. The thesis consists of a theoretical and analytical part, focused on the development of conservatism as an ideology and individual party families, as well as on the current political situation in Europe and the conservative faction of the EU. This work first deals with the concept of conservatism, its origin, and the definition of the concept. The analytical part of the work focuses on the analysis of the conservatism of the parties of the SPOLU coalition, including their attitude to traditional family values, national identity and culture, social and economic policy and other aspects that are fundamental to conservatism. Subsequently, the work deals with the ideological position of individual political parties and then performs their analysis. Based on the analysis, it is defined whether the parties are truly conservative. The work will also explore whether the coalition parties could merge to form a new political party. The research questions are whether the SPOLU coalition can be considered conservative and whether the...
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Female candidates: analysis of the media representation of "femininity" in the Czech presidential elections of 2023
Michvoková, Marie ; Vochocová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to form an idea of the ways in which "feminine" is portrayed in the media in the Czech presidential elections in 2023. The representation of women in top Czech politics is still a minority and no woman has yet become president or prime minister. This fact does not mean that women are not as suitable for these positions as men. It means that they do not have equal opportunities in the public sphere, or rather they do not even dare to enter it. This stems from a patriarchal social order in which public sphere is adapted mainly to men. In the theoretical part of the work, I will therefore focus on the history of feminist movements and the present of feminist theories in the field of politics, the issue of women in top politics and the conceptualization of new media and their relationship with political communication. The methodological and analytical part will deal with the research of media representations. In 2023, only one woman ran in the presidential election - Danuše Nerudová. Based on an analysis of her official social media campaign, I will assess how she worked with the fact that she is a woman. The second part of the analysis will tell something about how this fact is portrayed by one serious and one tabloid media and whether it is somehow important to them. The...
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