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Bioluminiscent Organisms as Didactic Theme
Ševicová, Michaela ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
The primary research question of this thesis is bioluminescence of living beings and the extent to which it is represented and explained in a selection of middle school textbooks. The theoretical part of the thesis establishes general facts about bioluminescence itself, methods for teaching and gradual study of this topic in the distant past, as well as the importance of bioluminescence and its potential for use in today's world. In addition, this part includes a summary of the various means and motives of bioluminescence in select (model) groups of organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, invertebrate, vertebrate). The didactically oriented part of the thesis involves an analysis of select textbooks that are frequently used Czech middle and grammar schools. The thesis also includes questionary-based research, involving the students in the examined school years and aimed at assessing their knowledge about bioluminescence in living organisms. A video and a worksheet with practice questions was also prepared as part of the research. KEYWORDS bioluminescence, luminescence, luciferin, luciferase, bioluminescent organisms
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Utilization of aquarium in the biology education
Špůrová, Hana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the use of freshwater animals in biology lessons. It especially provides detailed instructions for school experiments and observations of these animals, which can be bred in a freshwater aquarium at school. Manuals have worksheets for pupils and are anter keys. Each worksheet has got guidance for teachers, which contains specific instructions for the preparation of observation and experimentation and also gives some additional information. Individual worksheets are focused on representatives of cold water and tropical freshwater fish, shrimp and crayfish. A considerable part of the worksheets is devoted to our invertebrates, which can be caught in nature, and placed into the aquarium for a limited period, so there we can see the experiments and observations of some aquatic larvae of insects, flatworms, bugs, beetles, molluscs, annelids and arthropods. It also includes information about the various representatives used in the worksheets, such as a brief description of the animal and its demands for breeding. There are also instructions on how to obtain these animals. This thesis also contains practical manuals onwhere to place the aquarium in the classroom and how to manage and maintain it because this work is conceived as a handbook for teachers of biology, who have no...
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Level of Understanding of Basics of Genetics and Molecular Biology by Students of Secondary Education
Machová, Markéta ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Zrzavá, Magda (referee) ; Králík, Miroslav (referee)
Genetics has been part of secondary education for decades. However, research on the outcomes of science education has long shown that pupils have various types of misconceptions and are not able to deeply understand the basic principles of heredity and genetics. This results in their inability to navigate in daily-life problems related to this topic and make informed decisions in their life. Deeper diagnostics of these problems as well as identification of their origin is still missing both abroad and in the Czech Republic, which unable to design effective steps leading to improvement of educational outcomes. Several analyses were conducted to describe the current state of genetics education at lower and upper secondary level in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the curriculum, textbooks, students understanding of the topic, conduction of the lessons and its impact on the students. Questionnaire was used as a main research tool. The questionnaire for pupils combined knowledge test and attitude items, while the questionnaire for teachers was used to reveal their approach and attitudes towards genetics lessons and teaching conditions of their school. Content analysis was used to analyse relevant documents affecting education (curricula and textbooks). The results pointed to problems at...
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Subject Matters of Experiments and Observations in School Aquarium
Siegelová, Michaela ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with the use of aquariums and aquatic animals in biology and natural history lessons. It contains ideas for school experiments and observation of various groups of freshwater animals, which are selected so that the teacher could capture them in Czech waters or buy them in pet shops. This paper presents instructions for observation and experiments regarding aquatic larvae of insects, hydrozoans, turbellarians, molluscs, annelids, arthropods, amphibians and fish. The written school experiments are accompanied by illustrative pictures and videos that will help to understand the experiment or observation. For each of the mentioned animals, its brief characteristics and information about the keeping and establishment of the aquarium are provided. The thesis also describes cold-water and hot-water aquarium keeping. For each type, the species of animals and plants that can be kept and grown in these aquariums are listed. The thesis also includes a brief description of the basic aquarium equipment such as lighting, filtration, heating and aeration. It also gives a description of the maintenance, positioning and basic care of a school aquarium.
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Influence of using methods and organizational forms on attractiveness of biology lessons for pupils
Kolesárová, Veronika ; Rajsiglová, Ina (advisor) ; Blažová, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out which teaching / learning methods and forms teachers use in their biology lessons and its impact on attractiveness of biology for pupils. The adjoing aims are to find out which factors influence teacher's choice of teaching / learning methods and forms, which teaching / learning methods and forms are unused and the causes of their non-use. Another adjoing aim is to determinate if there is a difference in biology lessons between lower grammar schools and primary schools. Furhermore, the adjoing aims are to compare not only the attractiveness of biology but also the popularity of teaching methods and forms by pupils of lower grammar schools and primary schools. The thesis first contains the theoretical part. The research part contains the metodology of data collection and the metodology of evaluation of these data. Furthermore this thesis contains the results of the research. The results show that monology and autodidactic teaching methods and forms predominate in biology lessons. Teachers are limited by various obstacles such as lack of time, materiál equipment of the school, the approach of colleagues and school management, different approach of pupils, approach of the teacher. For primary school pupils biology is more popular than for lower grammar...
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Teaching Biology at Grammar School using CLIL Method
Junášek, Milan ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Němečková, Linda (referee)
The subject of this thesis is using CLIL in practice at upper secondary school. The introductory part introduces CLIL generally, it speculates over the meaning, opportunities and difficulties of using it at Czech schools. The practical part contains four units: Taxonomy, Geology, Animals and Genetics, which help teachers link biology with English language using CLIL. The materials benefit from the author's experience with teaching both English language and biology at upper secondary school as well as previous experience with creating teaching materials. The main aim of this thesis is to verify these materials are usable in real educational process and to let students evaluate how well the lessons went through a questionnaire. The verification has proven the materials are usable and students find them beneficial.
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Teaching Mendelian inheritance by didactic game
Lišková, Kateřina ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the education of genetics to grammar schools and students' comprehension of genetics. This abstract scientific discipline is considered difficult to learn so I decided to prepare educational materials with the aim to improve students' understanding of the topic. The main aim of the thesis was to prepare and test a didactic game focused on Mendelian inheritance and compare the effectivity of this kind of interactive education compared with the classical explanatory style of education. Other aims included evaluating the influence of other variables; comparing the difficulty of individual terms in genetics and the connection within chosen triplet of terms; and identifying the most common misconceptions. The data was collected in four classes of upper graders at two grammar schools by newly prepared questionnaire focused on demographic and knowledge. The results showed that the didactic game was as efficient as the classical explanatory method at creating short term knowledge Students had a bigger problem with explaining the connection among the terms than defining the individual terms. The most complicated term reported by the students was chromosome. It was the only term in which there wasn't any improvement between pre-test and post-test. Part of this thesis is also...
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