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Divination as a narrative device in narrative sources of late antiquity
Černý, Martin ; Vopřada, David (referee)
This thesis focuses on the interpretation of the narrative of divination in selected late antique sources. The aim of this historical probe is to refine the interpretation of RomanChristian relations using the methodology of historical science and historical sociology. The results of the research demonstrate the complexity of these relations, especially in terms of intertextual strategies and the importance of the works in the religious polemics of late antiquity. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Latin West mirrored by the Byzantine historiography (6th-8th centuries)
Bakyta, Ján ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Bednaříková, Jarmila (referee)
The basic aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the Romans of the East (Byzantines) during the 6th to the 8th centuries were interested in the Latin west and the imperial rule over it. In the first part of the work, the various discourses concerning the origins of the Justinianic conquest or reconquest of Africa and Italy articulated in the contemporary sources are identified and evaluated; the only one which cannot be shown or supposed to have been officially articulated is the discourse of a source of Pseudo-Zachariah Scholasticus which makes African and maybe also Italian exulants complaining in the imperial court about the local rulers responsible for the Vandal and Gothic wars. After some other preliminary studies (e.g. concerning the so-called problem of Theodericʼs constitutional position), it is concluded that the emperor Justinian was not interested in an ideologically founded restoration of the empire, but made the western wars because of his contacts with western aristocrats. In the second part of the thesis, the presentation of the Justinianic western wars and western events or realities in the works of the Byzantine historians from Marcellinus Comes and Procopius to Theophylactus Simocatta (the 6th to the early 7th centuries) is investigated and an attempt is made to explore...
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Anthropology of Synesius' On Dreams
Horáček, Filip ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Karfíková, Lenka (referee) ; Nejeschleba, Tomáš (referee)
(F. Horáček: Antropologie Synesiova spisu O snech) 30. 8. 2017 Synesiusʼ treatise On Dreams (early 5th cent. AD) contains a Neoplatonic conception of the so-called pneuma (called also ʻvehicleʼ, ʻluminous bodyʼ etc.) that, among its other functions, ʻrepresentsʼ the immaterial Neoplatonic soul in the material universe. As against the other Neoplatonic texts from Late Antiquity, the authorʼs book is relatively concetrated and detailed so that it offers a comparatively full picture of the pneuma even though the text is no clear cut self-explanatory piece of writing due to its intended esoteric Neoplatonic readership. In my work I try to discover possible implications for the pneuma against the background of other Neoplatonic conceptions of the earlier and also of slightly later time. Synesiusʼ views of the pneuma are not always identical with those of the earlier thinkers. As he switches backgrounds it is often hard to tell whether what he has in mind is identical, like or different from them. I address predominantly - beside contextualization of On Dreams and efforts to solve individual small-scale problems in the text - questions of physical existence of the pneuma before, during, and after reincarnation chain of individual souls, further I discuss the interface between materiality and...
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A Woman in the times of late ancient period and early christianity. Virgin, wife, widow.
Bendová, Linda ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Sládková, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this bachelorete thesis is to show how women were percepted in the age of early christianity on the basis of selected Latin early church fathers's tracts. It is characteristic, that we can't include a perception of women themselves, as we don't have many preserved sources. In the thesis, there is shortly characterised a state of Roman and Jewish woman, too, as the state of early christian woman is mostly based on it. I worked with the tracts of church fathers which were translated to Czech or English laguage and I partly included Latin originals (Jerome, Tertullian, Cyprian, Augustine, Amborse), whose analysis are sorted chronologically. The thesis is divided in three main chapters called "Virgin", "Wife" and "Widow", where I focus on the perception of church fathers on every mentioned phase of life of woman. They mostly rely on perceptions of apostle Paul in the New testament espistel, but they surely work with other parts of the Old and New testament. I came to a conclusion, that opinions of these men authors are often divided, but all of them agree, that the ideal state for a woman is being a virgin, or live at sexual abstinence. KEY WORDS Woman; early christianity; church fathers; virgin; wife; widow; Ambrose; Augustine; Cyprian; Jerome; Tertullian; New testament; apostle Paul
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Anthropology of Synesius' On Dreams
Horáček, Filip ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Karfíková, Lenka (referee) ; Nejeschleba, Tomáš (referee)
(F. Horáček: Antropologie Synesiova spisu O snech) 30. 8. 2017 Synesiusʼ treatise On Dreams (early 5th cent. AD) contains a Neoplatonic conception of the so-called pneuma (called also ʻvehicleʼ, ʻluminous bodyʼ etc.) that, among its other functions, ʻrepresentsʼ the immaterial Neoplatonic soul in the material universe. As against the other Neoplatonic texts from Late Antiquity, the authorʼs book is relatively concetrated and detailed so that it offers a comparatively full picture of the pneuma even though the text is no clear cut self-explanatory piece of writing due to its intended esoteric Neoplatonic readership. In my work I try to discover possible implications for the pneuma against the background of other Neoplatonic conceptions of the earlier and also of slightly later time. Synesiusʼ views of the pneuma are not always identical with those of the earlier thinkers. As he switches backgrounds it is often hard to tell whether what he has in mind is identical, like or different from them. I address predominantly - beside contextualization of On Dreams and efforts to solve individual small-scale problems in the text - questions of physical existence of the pneuma before, during, and after reincarnation chain of individual souls, further I discuss the interface between materiality and...
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The Importance of the northern Black Sea for the Byzantine Empire in the 6th- 10th centuries. Economic and military significance of the city of Cherson.
Čechová, Martina ; Vavřínek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Shepard, Jonathan (referee) ; Štefanovičová, Tatjana (referee)
The main topic of the thesis is the city of Cherson, which has been under excavation mainly by Russian or Ukrainian researchers for more than 180 years. Due to a difficult political situation, the area was not accessible to other scholars till 1993. Therefore, most of the books or articles were published in Russian and have not been widely spread among western researchers. The first two chapters of the dissertation deal with the sources and the history of research. The main body of the dissertation is divided into three parts: (chapter 3) From the end of the Roman times till the early Middle Ages (5th - mid-7th centuries), (chapter 4) The Dark Ages (mid-7th - mid-9th centuries), (chapter 5) The new era of prosperity (mid-9th - end of the 10th century). The third chapter is devoted to the time when the era of Antiquity was slowly coming to its end and the development proceeded to the Middle Ages, in this case to the early Byzantine period. The fish industry and fish processing will be discussed because these activities which had begun here in the Roman times continued in the Byzantine period, too. Afterwards, the beginnings and spread of Christianity are debated. Furthermore, the beginnings of Christianity in Cherson are described, likewise the building activities, which resulted in transformation...
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Coronation of Byzantine Emperors in Late Antiquity and Early Middle-Ages
Havlík, Tomáš ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
- 5 - Abstract: The diploma thesis "Coronation of Byzantine Emperors in Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages" deals with gradual changes of the ceremonies associated with the imperial accessions. Using narative, legal, artistic and numismatic evidence, it attempts to identify crucial components of each coronation ceremony, analyses gradual transformation these components underwent and points out new developments that helped each emperor to estabilish his right to the throne. The thesis also deal with the imperial insignia used both during coronation ceremonies and during other court rites.
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Latin West mirrored by the Byzantine historiography (6th-8th centuries)
Bakyta, Ján ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Bednaříková, Jarmila (referee)
The basic aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the Romans of the East (Byzantines) during the 6th to the 8th centuries were interested in the Latin west and the imperial rule over it. In the first part of the work, the various discourses concerning the origins of the Justinianic conquest or reconquest of Africa and Italy articulated in the contemporary sources are identified and evaluated; the only one which cannot be shown or supposed to have been officially articulated is the discourse of a source of Pseudo-Zachariah Scholasticus which makes African and maybe also Italian exulants complaining in the imperial court about the local rulers responsible for the Vandal and Gothic wars. After some other preliminary studies (e.g. concerning the so-called problem of Theodericʼs constitutional position), it is concluded that the emperor Justinian was not interested in an ideologically founded restoration of the empire, but made the western wars because of his contacts with western aristocrats. In the second part of the thesis, the presentation of the Justinianic western wars and western events or realities in the works of the Byzantine historians from Marcellinus Comes and Procopius to Theophylactus Simocatta (the 6th to the early 7th centuries) is investigated and an attempt is made to explore...
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Ravennate Marble Trade in the Late Antiquity: Material from the San Severo Complex
Tůmová, Helena ; Ondřejová, Iva (advisor) ; Bouzek, Jan (referee) ; Cantini, Federico (referee)
This thesis aims to study the commercial mechanism of Ravenna in the Late Antiquity from the point of view of the amount, type and provenance of the imported stone artefacts (fragments of architectural decoration, revetments slabs, opus sectile, sarcophagi), based on the study of archaeological material from the site of the basilica and the monastery of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna). Ravenna represented an important administrative and cultural center in the 5th and 6th century, connecting western and eastern artistic influences and focusing herself on trade and production. Determination of the stone artefacts from the San Severo locality was principally based on the archaeometric methods and on the combination of archaeologic and geologic approach as well. Specific archaeometric methods (macroscopic, geochemical and mineralogical-petrographic analyses) together with a quantitative evaluation were applied. Many scientific works, dedicated till this time to the art history of late antique Ravenna and dealing also the argument of ravennate "marbles" presumed the prevailing provenance from Proconnesos and usual commercial relations between Ravenna and Constantinople as well. Constantinople played a role of a mediator of oriental localities and Ravenna. The hypothesis concerning the provenance of the...
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