|
|
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients III
Honsová, Tereza ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of falls in inpatents III Author: Tereza Honsová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Falls are frequent and unwanted events happening in healthcare facilities. The falls have a multifactorial character. The prevention is the best way how to improve a quality of healthcare and a quality of the patient's life. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses can help to realize it by cooperating with each other, working with professional information and by individual attitude to each patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the fall risk-increasing drugs to falls in hospitalized patients and to recommend the right interventions to prevent the fall. Methodology: For the analysation, classification and quantification of the fall risk-increasing drugs, drug related problems and interventions a special online database was created. All of the doctors, clinical pharmacists and nurses were collecting details about the pacients and about how the fall happened. Fall risk-increasing drugs and drug-related problems were then analyzed by clinical pharmacists. Potential interventions were suggested. Also other...
|
|
|
Migraine and its treatment
Petríková, Andrea ; Jirkovský, Eduard (advisor) ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Supervisor: PharmDr. Eduard Jirkovský, Ph.D. Author: Andrea Petríková Title of Diploma Thesis: Migraine and its treatment Migraine is one of the primary headaches, manifested in repeated attacks of severe one-sided and throbbing headaches, usually lasting 4-72 hours. They are accompanied by one of the following symptoms: photophobia, phonophobia, odorophobia, nausea, vomiting. From one seizure to the next, the patient feels like a healthy patient. In my work I describe current pharmacotherapeutic procedures in the treatment of migraine. In the first part of the diploma thesis, I presented a literature review of migraines, which begins with the classification of headaches. I continue with the definition of migraine, history, classification of migraine, pathophysiology, prevalence and diagnostic criteria of migraine. In the second part I describe the different types of treatment with their procedures and the drugs that are used. Based on our knowledge of the pathophysiology of migraine, new drugs have been developed for the treatment of acute migraine attacks that target calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and serotonin 5-HT1F receptors. I describe their mechanism, which drugs have been...
|
|
|
Bioinformatic aspects of nuclear receptors in pharmacotherapy
Škoda, Josef ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Kollár, Peter (referee) ; Matoušková, Petra (referee)
IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE Candidate: Mgr. Josef Škoda Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. Petr Pávek, PhD. Title of the doctoral thesis: Bioinformatical aspects of nuclear receptors in pharmacotherapy The liver plays a central role in energy homeostasis via processing post-prandial excess energy into storage molecules and reusing stored energy via gluconeogenesis during the fasting period. This tight energy balance is maintained by a myriad of regulating processes. Dysfunction of metabolic control is a key event of severe diseases in today's population, starting with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, proceeding to end-stage complications in type 2 diabetes, whole organ malfunctions, or even tumor diseases. Master players in metabolic regulation are nuclear receptors (NR) activated by endogenous stimuli or scavenging for nutritional or toxicological signals. NRs regulate gene transcription activation and therefore maintain liver metabolic plasticity. In this thesis, modern molecular biology approaches were used to study ligands of NRs and the effects of their treatment. After the typical activation of a NR, hundreds of genes are regulated, which is beyond the ability to study with conventional biology methods. For this purpose, omics methods are an ideal solution. They are characterized by...
|
|
|
Analysis of Pharmacotherapy by patients with diagnosis of COPD
Kartali Kaouni, Marilena ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Matoulková, Petra (referee)
Title: Analysis of Pharmacotherapy by patients with diagnosis of COPD Student: Marilena Kartali-Kaouni Tutor: Prof. RNDr. Jiri Vlcek, CSc Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Background: " Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases". Tobacco smoking is the major risk factor in the development of COPD. COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aim: 1st from the current literature to understand the nature of COPD and obtain information about the aetiopathogenesis of the disease, diagnosis options and summarize the current view of strategies for achieving the goals of treatment. 2nd in a pilot study to analyze drug therapy in COPD patients visiting a pharmacy in Greece. Methods: 56 prescriptions with the diagnosis of COPD were collected during a period of 8 months from a Greek pharmacy. Information from the prescriptions with regard to COPD medications prescribed (active substances, trade names, strength, dosage scheme, pack size), patients characteristics (age and gender) and prescribing...
|
|
|
Self-inflicted trauma in young people with in the context of behavioral disturbance
Kolaříková, Katarína ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
TITLE: Self- inflicted trauma in young people with in the context of behavioral disturbance AUTHOR: Bc. Katarína Kolaříková DEPARTMENT: Department of special education SUPERVISOR: Doc. PaeDr. Eva Šotolová, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: This thesis solves two serious topics of special pedagogic. Behavioural disorders and self-harming behaviour. Self-harming behaviour is deliberate, conscious and often repetitive violation of physical integrity without intent to die. The work is divided into 11 chapters. The first are focused on behavioural disorders, self-harming behaviours, and crisis intervention. Other chapters deal with the goals, research questions and chosen method of treatment. The aim was to map the occurrence, factors and methods of self-harming and describe alternative techniques of reducing this behaviour. Qualitative research is used in this work - analysing the anamneses of individuals with behavioural disorders and interviews with ethopedic workers. The inquiry of documentation shows that self-harming behaviour is caused by negative effects of family and social environment. The most common methods include self-cutting of girls, fists and head pounding against the wall of boys. For alternative methods of reducing this behaviour, the staff of orphanages with schools agreed that the preferred method is...
|
|
| |
|
|
Multiple Sclerosis: Corticoid and Biological Therapy, Importance of Pedagogy in Rehabilitation
Rosová, Anna ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
The submitted thesis deals with the theme of a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease, the sclerosis multiplex. Although this serious disease has become an object of intensive research in recent decades and there is an inexhaustible quantity of literature available, we haven't yet fully identified the causes of this disease as well as we haven't found such kind of effective treatment that would lead to the permanent recovery of patients. I focused my interest on two main spheres: first, the description and comparison of practices in terms of pharmacotherapy giving priority to its benefits to patients, second, the view of another important but not always appreciated part of therapy, physiotherapy or rehabilitation; the main point is studying of processes and actions from the pedagogical point of view.
|
|
|
Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution Bachelor's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2014 Abstract Methamphetamine has long been a lead drug of abuse among problem drug users on the Czech drug scene. At the moment, there is no worldwide effective pharmacological treatment of addiction on the methamphetamine/amphetamine-like substances. There have been found substances, with the greater or lesser success, from different ATC groups as well as some new substances, which some patients/clients could profit from. Nevertheless we still fail to find a widely effective pharmacotherapy of methamphetamine dependence, which would be efficacious and broadly applicable, i.e. as the substances in the treatment of opioid dependence. This work aims to present current information on substitution and/or craving reduction therapy in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. This paper has the character of a research/review work and uses up-to-date data, not only in published articles and in the primary literature, but in ongoing clinical trials...
|
|
|
The analysis of pharmacotherapy by patients suffering with DM in Greece I
Kalaitzidis, Georgios ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
The analysis of pharmacotherapy by patients suffering with DM in Greece I Author: Georgios Kalaitzidis Tutor: Professor RNDr.Jiri Vlcek,CSc. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove. Introduction: The diabetes in developed countries concerns 11% of people over 70 years and is the cause of 3% of total deaths in general population. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the Pharmacotherapy of Diabetes mellitus type II in a pharmacy of a small town of Greece, Veria. Methods: It is retrospective cross-sectional study, which was conducted in a pharmacy in a small town of Greece, Veria. The study population consists of 60 patients with known Type II diabetes Melitus. The data collection was performed by a self-reported questionnaire, which was created and developed by the researcher and filled by the respondents. Results: The mean age of the sample was 56.5±17.5 years. Most of them were females (n=40). Most of the patients knew their fasting glucose level (93.3%,n=56).Of the patients who knew their fasting glucose level, 36 (64.3%) patients had high fasting glucose level and 20 (35.7%) had physiological fasting glucose level. From all the patients(n=60), some of them visited their physician every 6 months (n=24), and every 3 months...
|
|
|
Current options for pharmacotherapy of anxiety and sleep disorders
Böhmová, Kateřina ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Kateřina Böhmová Supervisor: prof. MUDr. Hrdina Radomír, CSc., PharmDr. Bc. Kotolová Hana, Ph.D., PharmDr. Vokřál Ivan, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Current options for pharmacotherapy of anxiety and sleep disorder Anxiety and sleep disorders belong to common medical conditions. Anxiety attacks are recurring unpleasant emotional states. Sleep disorders are characterized by an insufficient or excessive amount of sleep or its poor quality, which persist for a significant time period. These common disorders represent an important medical and socioeconomic problem. Opinions about etiopathogenesis and classification are constantly evolving. Complex treatment includes mostly removing the cause, lifestyle changes, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. Antidepressants from SSRI or SNRI group are considered to be the drugs of the first choice in frequent anxiety disorders. The treatment of insomnia depends mainly on the type of disorder. Hypnotics should be reserved especially for short-term and transient forms of insomnia, the treatment of which must be started as soon as possible together with the cognitive component and the elimination of the primary cause of this insomnia. In the chronic...
|
guest ::
