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Predictive value of the SUPRS scale for risky behavior in pupils in the 9th grade of elementary school
Sluková, Šárka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
In this bachelor thesis, I hypothesize whether a scale of personality traits that re- present risk in terms of substance use, called SURPS, can predict some potential for risk taking behavior in adolescents. Objective: The main goal was to determine whether the SURPS scale can pre- dict the potential for risk taking behaviour in adolescents. and thus have an early detection for work with at-risk individuals. Methods: In this study, I worked with data collected from a four-year pro- spective randomized, three-arm, controlled, prospective prevention study that took place in secondary schools and multi-year grammar schools from 2013 to 2017. Data was taken from the data that related to risk taking behavior and re- sponses from the SURPS scale, and this data was then processed in MS Excel to examine the correlation between the risk taking behaviors and personality traits using graphs and the χ2 test. Results: The graphs and χ2 calculation show that in most cases there is a sta- tistically significant relationship between personality traits of negative thinking and experimental substance abuse towards risk taking behaviour. The other per- sonality traits are only sporadically correlated with risky behavior. Conclusion: In all cases studied, the results do not show a relationship between SURPS scores and...
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Use of addictive medication in the Czech Republic
Brožková, Lenka ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
Background: The use of psychoactive prescription drugs (PPDs) in the patient population is poorly studied in Czechia. Aims: (i) To investigate the prevalence of PPDs use; (ii) to estimate the extent of doctor shopping (DS); (iii) to explore the association between the repeated use of PPD, DS and subsequent addiction care. Design and setting: Pharmacoepidemiological study using the precription database and the database of reimbursed health services of health insurance company Zamestnanecka pojistovna Skoda (2012-2021). Participants: Insurees (n=146,177; male n=71,013; female n=75,164) represented by approximately 340,000 health records. Measurements: To identify drug use in the form of DS we analyzed prescription overlaps from multiple health care providers. The association between repeated use of PPD and provided health services was determined by analyzing the drug history of insurees who received any type of addiction service. Findings: We found that more than half of the insurees who used the opioid analgesic also used anxiolytic drugs in the same year. The highest proportion of insurees with DS was related to stimulant use (3.37%). Regarding opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines, the proportions were similar (OA 2.25%; BZD 2.37%). The number of duplicit prescriptions per doctor shopper was the...
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Patterns of substance use during the lockdown in young adult recreational dance drug users
Kováčová, Tereza ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: Recreational use of dance drugs is situated mainly on the premises of dance clubs and bars. However, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, all these areas were suddenly closed. Quantitative foreign studies show changes in patterns of use among recreational users of dance drugs, but in the Czech Republic, this subpopulation of users is not sufficiently described and monitored. Aim: The main aim of the research was to describe patterns of substance use among young adult recreational users of dance drugs during the Covid-19 pandemic. The second objective was to find out whether dance drug users would return to the original patterns of use they had before the Covid-19 pandemic after the measures were revoked. Research file: The research file was obtained by the snowball method and consisted of 3 women and 6 men aged 21-30 years. Methods: A qualitative form of research was used for the diploma thesis with the help of semi- structured interviews and the DAST questionnaire. The research was longitudinal, the interviews took place in three waves. The first research wave in November 2020, the second in June 2021, and the third in November 2021. The data analysis was performed by open and axial coding. Results: The results showed the impact of epidemic measures during the pandemic, especially on the...
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Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco among primary school pupils in the Central Bohemian Region: a questionaire study
Salavová, Tereza ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco is on the rise both in the world and Czech Republic. Aforementioned products are often presented as less harmfull alternatives to traditional cigarettes, but an addiction can occur to these products nevertheless. Such devices are furthermore very attractive for adolescent population, which is in high risk of developing an addiction. Objectives: The Main goal of the research is to describe user specifications and an attitude of fifteen-year-old students from the Central Bohemian Region to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco. The sub-goals consist of: describing the way target group use the devices (in terms of where and with whom), answering if the members of the target group owns their personal devices, and means of acquisition of such devices. Methods: The research was carried out through collecting quantitative data via online survey tool. The survey in physical form was also distributed between students of selected schools in Central Bohemian Region. 54 schools were approached with the survey in two waves. Schools for the first wave were pick randomly from a list of schools in the region and with fifteen-year- old students. For the second wave were chosen schools handpicked by author according to traveling distance. Resulted research sample consist...
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Estimation of the consumption of injecting equipment by clients of Prague contact centers and outreach programs
Provazníková, Radka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: Intravenous way of drug application is the most common between problem drug users at Prague. Due Mravčík et al. (2015), the estimate is, that there was a 15 700 intravenous drug users at Prague in 2014 (7 500 pervitin users, 2 500 heroin users and 5 700 buprenorphine users). And that they spend about 15,5 millions of syringes every year (Švůgerová, 2015). But the data in Annual report on drug situation 2014 says, there was only 2, 6 millions of syringes distributed (Mravčík et al., 2015). This means, that Prague intravenous drug users spend many more syringes, that are distributed by low-treshold services and pharmacies. That is a reason of charting of the behaviour of drug users in connection with application of addictive substance, especially how the consuption of injecting material is connected with single type of drug user. Aims: The main aim of the thesis is to find out the frequency of drug application in intravenous drug users and to estimate the total consumption of injecting materialial depended on single of users typology (used drugs, frequncy of contact with harm reduction services…) Research sample: The sample consists of 155 clients of harm reduction services at Prague (3 contact centers and 3 streetwork programs). All of the respondents stated the intravenous drug using in...
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Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM)
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Bc. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM) Master's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2016 Abstract Hepatitis C is one of the most serious blood-borne complications of somatic health status of drug users. The HCV-positive injecting drug users are therefore directly indicated for the treatment of this type (and other types also) of hepatitis. Problematic adherence and treatment compliance is obvious in this group. Both foreign and domestic experiences show that stabilization of the use of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) substances is the essential part of the treatment of hepatitis. The interaction of the high quality treatment of somatic, psychosocial and add-on pharmacological care, including the substitution of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) drugs, leads to patient's increased compliance and adherence to HCV treatment. This diploma thesis is presenting both the theoretical frame and the study design of the pilot clinical trial of HCV treatment with the supportive substitution...
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The position of community Alcoholics Anonymous in addiction services system: Experience and attitudes of AA members in Prague
Břoušková, Barbora ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Alcoholics Anonymous is the largest and best-known self-help organization. In the Czech Republic, neither its position nor its number and characteristics of its members are known yet. Therefore it is necessary to learn more about them. There is a supervised therapy, as well as AA. Is it possible to find a connection between these "different" approaches to alcohol addiction therapy? The theoretical part contains a description of alcohol addiction, information about the system of medical care for alcoholics and information on the current situation in the Czech Republic. The most important information is described in the chapter on Alcoholics Anonymous fellowship. The main research objective is to describe the characteristics, behavior and motivation of all AA groups in Prague and possibly find out which place can AA hold in the system of addictology services. In accordance with the objective five research questions were specified. Data were collected through a questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using mathematical and statistical techniques with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The questionnaire was composed of 19 questions. Respondents were nominated by a total group selection. The survey covers all groups of Alcoholics Anonymous based in Prague. The research sample consisted of 34...
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Prevalence and incidence of alcohol tobacco and cannabis use in the cohort of primary school students in 6th, 7th and 8th grade
Jurystová, Lucie ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Background The period of adolescence is typical for first experiments and initiation of substance use. The onset of experiments emerges between 11 and 15 years of age according to different authors. Although many adolescents end with experiments, there is still a group of those who proceed to regular use. Frequent, regular and especially heavy substance use represents various risks in many aspects of individual's life. According to various studies earlier onset of substance use may predict serious difficulties in adult stages of life. Important and currently widely discussed question is differences in substance use between boys and girls. Aims To identify the age of cigarette, alcohol and cannabis use onset according to gender. To find out prevalence of use among boys and girls. To find out whether incidence of substance use is higher during school year or summer holidays. Methods The ESPAD questionnaire was used for data collection, which was realized in the period of 34 months from August 2007 until June 2010. Indicators were defined for categories of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and experience with cannabis. For clarification of the given hypothesis statistical analyses in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used - descriptive statistics, contingency tables, Fisher's F-test and (Student)...
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Analysis of European Harm Reduction magazines targeting illegal addictive substances users
Debnárová, Jitka ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Starting point: The subject matter of this degree work is Analysis of European Harm Reduction magazines targeting illegal addictive substances users with the exception of marihuana. The research complex is formed from 11 magazines. The common criteria for their selection was a processing of the first number published in 2015. Twenty-nine variables were monitored in all magazines. This work was inspired by Jany Reekers'article (Adiktologie, 2012) where the author tried to map out magazines for addictive substances users all over the world. Aims: The object of this study is to map out magazines for illegal addictive substances users which are published in Europe. The magazines for marihuana users are not subsumed in this work. The further object is to detail the magazines from the viewpoint of formal criteria and do their content analysis. Methods: The analysis of documents, one of the basic types of the research in qualitative approach was used in this study. Acquired data was processed via Coding manual of the printed report about addictive substances and themes which involve them: The appplication for magazines coding which are given for problem illegal addictive substances users (Gabrhelík et A1., 2012). The basic research complex consisted of 11 magazines, 14 magazines were identified. Results:...
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